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Criado por Yean Ji Jung
mais de 4 anos atrás
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Questão | Responda |
Non-opioid analgesic | Acetaminophen (Tylenol) |
Mechanism of Action | Inhibits COX- 1 which blocks prostaglandin production. Actual MOA unkown. |
Adverse Effects | Hepatoxicity |
Nursing Actions | 3g/day max No alcohol Med can be crushed Acetylcysteine is antidote Monitor LFT |
First Gen NSAIDs | Aspirin, Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) |
Mechanism of Action | Blocks COX -1 and COX-2 activity to block synthesis of prostaglandins. |
Prostaglandin | Make mucosal layer in stomach and play a role in platelet aggregation. |
Side Effects | Bleeding tendencies Renal dysfuntion |
Nursing Actions | Monitor for signs of bleeds Monitor for BUN and creatinine Don't crush DC 1 week before surgery Take with food or milk |
Second Gen NSAIDs | Celecoxib (Celebrex) |
Mechanism of Action | Blocks COX-2 activity. Has no effect on prostaglandins |
Side effects | Renal dysfunction Cardiovascular events |
Nursing actions | Teratogenic Monitor BUN and creatinine Take with food or drink. |
Centrally acting non-opioid | Tramadol (Ultram) |
Mechanism of Action | Binds to opioid receptors and blocks reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in CNS |
Side effects | Sedation respiratory depression constipation |
Nursing actions | metabolized into codeine monitor RR and vitals administer with food or water recommend lowest dose first |
Opioid Pain Medication | Morphine Sulfate |
Mechanism of Action | Mimics naturally occurring opioid. Depresses CNS and alters response to painful stimuli |
Side effects | Respiratory depression abuse, tolerance constipation possible urinary retention |
Nursing actions | Monitor RR and vitals Assess pain Risk for orthostatic hypotension Monitor bowel function |
Opioid antagonist | Naloxone (Narcan) |
Mechanism of Action | Blocks opioid action |
Side effects | Arrythmias |
Nursing Action | Monitor vitals Administer slowly |
Selective estrogen reuptake modulators (SERMs) | Roloxifene (Evista) |
Mechanism of action | Produces estrogen like effects on bone Reduces bone resorption |
Side effects | Fractures VTE risk |
Nursing actions | teratogenic Monitor bone scans Monitor for VTE |
Bisphosphonates | Alendronate (Fossamax) |
Mechanism of action | Decrease bone reabsorption by stopping osteoclast activity |
Side effects | photosensitivity esophagitis N/V |
Nursing actions | Sit upright for 30 mins after med admin Take on empty stomach Give with full glass of water |
Hormone | Calcitonin (Miacalcin, Calcimar) |
Mechanism of action | Inhibits osteoclast action and increases calcium excretion. decreases serum calcium |
Side effects | allergic reactions hypocalcemia rhinitis |
Nursing actions | Ask about fish allergies Monitor nares for patency Check for hypocalcemia |
Calcium replacements | Calcium carbonate (Tums) |
Mechanism of action | Non-dietary access to calcium |
Side effects | hypercalcemia Kidney stones |
Nursing actions | Check calcium levels Give 1 hr before or 2 hrs after other meds Monitor for s/s of hypercalcemia |
Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (Nonbiological) | Methotrexate (Rheumatrex) |
Mechanism of action | lower body's immune system |
Side effects | Hair loss Low WBC, RBC Photosensitivity Immunosupressant |
Nursing actions | Teratogenic No live vaccines Increase fluid |
Anti-Rheumatic Drug (Non-Biological) | Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) |
Mechanism of action | Reduces inflammation |
Side effects | Immunosupression |
Nursing actions | Monitor labs and vitals |
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