GCSE Core Variation

Questão	Responda
In which part of a cell is genetic information found?	nucleus
Where is DNA found?	in the chromosomes.
What is the 'twisted ladder' structure of DNA called?	double helix
How many PAIRS of chromosomes do humans have?	23
What is the unit of inheritance?	Genes
Give another word for a sex cell.	Gametes
Offspring inherit information from their parents but don't look exactly like them. Why?	Because they have both parents genes mixed together to create a whole different set. Which is why nobody has the same DNA as anyone else.
Why do chromosomes come in pairs?	one from each parent
What is special about a clone?	Their genetic information is exactly the same as the parent's?
Which reproduction shows variety? Why?	Sexual. Asexual reproduction only involves one parent.
Why is variety important?	It gives a species a greater chance in surviving.
What are the advantages of tissue culture cloning?	Allows you to make 1000s of clones from 1 tissue sample. It guarantees offspring with the same genetic structure.
What is the disadvantage of tissue culture cloning?	It is expensive to do and (in a bad way) provides no variation.
What is variation?	variation is..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
In animal cloning, what part of an animal is cloned?	An embryo with the genetic information of the adult.
What are the advantages of adult cell cloning?	1. they can be engineered to produced medically useful animals. 2. save animals from extinction. 3. could help in fertile couples if human babies were cloned.
What are the disadvantages of adult cell cloning?	1. could lead to cloning human babies. 2. the reduction of variation in a population or species therefore making it less able to survive.
How many animals in an adult cell cloning process are involved?	3: 1 provides the adult cell nucleus, 1 provides the empty ovum and 1 body in which the embryo grows.
What is genetic engineering?	when you take a gene from one organism and transfer it to the genetic material of another organism.
What is a bacterium ring of DNA called?	a plasmid.
How is the insulin gene taken out of one organism to be put in another?	it is cut by an enzyme
Give a use for bacterium when genetically engineered.	to make drugs and hormones that are used in medicines.
Why are genes inserted into animals and plants as well as bacteria?	to give them the required characteristics during early development from the other organism.
What are the advantages of genetic engineering?	1. g.e. bacteria can make exactly the protein and quantity we need in pure form. 2. g.e. genes help to improve the growth rates/quality/quantity/required characteristics of plants and animals.
What is a genetic disease?	A disease that has been passed down due to being in a gene.
What is a disadvantage of genetic engineering?	no one knows what all the long term affects might be; insects may become immune to pesticide-producing plants.
How are seeds in a packet produced?	Using the cloning tissue method so 1000's can be produced.
How does tissue culture differ from taking cuttings?	tissue culture can produce 1000's of clones all genetically the same.
How can a cow produce 30 or more calves in a year?	because their embryos are cloned making them genetically responsible for the calves.
Producing new plants with one parent is called.....	asexual reproduction
The advantage of cloning a strawberry plant is that.....	they will all taste the same
The disadvantage of cloning a strawberry plant is that.....	there will be no variation as they are all genetically the same.
Give 2 disadvantages of spraying crops with pesticides.	1. the insect may become resistant. 2. it may be harmful to other life such as humans.
What use are cloned animals?	they could be put into countries where their characteristics are needed. i.e. the could produce a high calcium milk to improve health.
the colour of a rabbits fur is known as a .......................	characteristic
the colour of a rabbits fur is controlled by a ................	gene
how do we know which gender the chromosomes x and y belong to?	xy is a man xx is a woman
What is the difference between chromosomes in a gamete and a body cell?	in a body cell they are in pairs.
How do you create identical and non identifiable twins?	Image: f5a5e1b7-cb65-463b-8b4f-b399c8b95ea6 (image/jpg)

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	Criado por bronwyn831 mais de 9 anos atrás