Criado por Isabel Barbero
mais de 7 anos atrás
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Questão | Responda |
Benefits of exercise... | - Social - Mental - Physical |
Influences on involvement in physical activity... | - Cultural - Health & Well-being - Image - People - Socio-economic - Resources |
Sporting initiatives | - Top Link - Start-Stay-Succeed - Sports Equipment |
Government Initiative PESSCL (PE School Sport & Club Link) | - aim to increase opportunities for 5-16 year olds - strengthen links between schools and local sports clubs - development of the school sports partnership |
Fitness | The ability to meet the demands of the environment |
Health | State of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of ideas or infirmity |
Exercise | Planned, structured and repeated body movements done to improve one or more components of physical exercise |
Health Related Components of Fitness | - Cardiovascular Fitness - Muscular Strength - Muscular Endurance - Flexibility - Body Composition |
Skill Related Components of Fitness | - Power - Coordination - Reaction Time - Agility - Balance - Speed |
Methods of Training | - Cross - Circuit - Weight - Interval - Continuous - Fartlek |
Aerobic | - Oxygen - Long distance runners |
Anaerobic | - No oxygen - Sprinters |
Components of a Healthy Diet | - Carbohydrates - Protein - Fat - Vitamins - Minerals - Water - Fibre |
Macro Nutrients | Needed in large amounts in your diet e.g. carbohydrates, fat, protein |
Micro Nutrients | Needed in small amounts in your diet e.g. vitamins & minerals |
Ectomorph | - Tall - Thin - Narrow shoulders and hips e.g. high jumpers, long distance runners |
Mesomorph | - Muscular physique - Wide shoulders, narrow hips e.g. sprinters, swimmers, rowers |
Endomorph | - Short - Dumpy - Narrow shoulders, wide hips e.g. sumo wrestlers |
Principles of Training | - Individual needs - Specificity - Progressive Overload |
SMART Targets | - Specific - Measurable - Achievable - Realistic - Time-bound |
Optimum Weight | The ideal weight for different types of athletes will depend on the demands of their sport |
Anabolic Steroids | - Increase muscle mass But... - Increase blood pressure |
Beta Blockers | - Lower heart rate - calming effect But... - Lowers heart rate to dangerous levels |
Stimulants | - Increases alertness But... - insomnia, high blood pressure |
Diuretics | - Increase rate of urination, lose weight faster - masking agent But... - Dehydration |
EPO (Peptide Hormones) | - Increase number of red blood cells, increase body capacity to carry oxygen But... - Increased risk of blood clots |
Narcotic Analgesics | - Reduce the feeling of pain But... - Make injured worse |
Recreational Drugs | - Alcohol can calm & nicotine can increase alertness as can caffeine But... - Increased risk of cancer, alcohol and caffeine can cause dehydration |
Heart Rate | Number of times the heart beats per minute |
Stroke Volume | The amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute |
Blood pressure | Force exerted by the circulatory blood against the blood vessel walls |
Cholesterol | Fatty substance carried in the blood by lipoproteins which comes in two forms (HDL/LDL) |
Alveoli | Air sacs where gaseous exchange takes place |
Tidal Volume | The amount of air expired and inhaled with each normal breath |
Vital Capacity | The amount of air that can pass in and out of the lungs through maximum inhalation and exhalation |
Oxygen Debt | The extra oxygen consumed during recovery compared to that consumed at rest |
Flexion | Angle at the joint is getting smaller |
Extension | Angle at the joint is getting bigger |
Abduction | Movement away from the body |
Adduction | Movement towards the body |
Rotation | Movement around the joint |
Plantar Flexion | Pointing toes downwards |
Doris Flexion | Toes pointing upwards |
Bicep | Flexion at the elbow |
Triceps | Extension at the elbow |
Deltoids | Abduction at the shoulder |
Latissimus Dorsi | Adduction at the shoulder |
Pectorals | Adduction and rotation at the shoulder |
Trapezius | Rotation of the scapular |
Abdominals | Flexion of the trunk |
Gluteals | Extension at the hip |
Quadriceps | Extension at the knee |
Hamstrings | Flexion at the knee |
Gastrocnemius | Plantar flexion |
Types of joint: Ball & Socket | - allow the bone to move round a 360 degree angle - allows flacon, extension, abduction, adduction & rotation - e.g. shoulder & hip joint |
Types of joint: Hinge | - allow movement backward & forward - Flexion & extension - e.g. knee joint, elbow joint & fingers |
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