132097
B5a - Skeletons
- Types of
skeleton
- Internal
Skeleton
- provides framework
and shape
- grows with the body
- attaches to
muscles easily
- has joints for
flexibility
- Humans
- made from bone
and cartilage
- made from bone
and cartilage
- Sharks
- made only
of cartilage
- made only
of cartilage
- provides framework
and shape
- External
Skeleton
- heavy
- inflexible
- made from
chitin
- must shed
skeleton to grow
- insects
- heavy
- No Skeleton
- worms
- jellyfish
- worms
- Internal
Skeleton
- Long Bones
- have a
hollow shaft
- contains bone
marrow and
blood vessels
- contains bone
marrow and
blood vessels
- weigh less than
other bones
- stronger than
other bones
- head covered
in cartilage
- lubricate movement
against other bones
- lubricate movement
against other bones
- have a
hollow shaft
- Growing
Bones
- ossification
- cartilage replaced
by calcium and
phosphorus salts
- bones in a foetus are
made from cartilage
- makes the bones hard
- cartilage replaced
by calcium and
phosphorus salts
- the proportion of
cartilage to bone
can be used as a
measure of growth
- ossification
- Broken
Bones
- simple
fracture
- clean break
- clean break
- greenstick
fractures
- does not break
completely
- does not break
completely
- compound
fractures
- broken bone breaks
through muscle and skin
- broken bone breaks
through muscle and skin
- simple
fracture
- Joints
- fixed
joints
- plates fused
together
- skull
- skull
- plates fused
together
- ball and
socket joints
- allow rotation
- hip and shoulder
- hip and shoulder
- allow rotation
- Hinge
joints
- bend in one
direction
- knee and elbow
- knee and elbow
- bend in one
direction
- fixed
joints
- The Arm
- made from
several bones
and muscles
- humerus, radius, ulna
- biceps, triceps
- humerus, radius, ulna
- antagonistic
muscles
- to bend the arm
- biceps contracts,
pulling on radius
- triceps relaxes
- triceps relaxes
- biceps contracts,
pulling on radius
- made from
several bones
and muscles
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