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13569803
Biology Chapter 10 Test 10.1
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early ideas about evolution
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evolution
biology
9th grade
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Molly 21Marshall
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Molly 21Marshall
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Biology Chapter 10 Test 10.1
Cardus Linnaeus
developed classification system for all types of organisms known at the time
method still used today
reflected evolutionary relatioships
abandoned common belief of time that organisms were fixed and did not change
some might have arisen through hybridization
crossing that he could observe through experiments with varieties, or species, of plants
George Louis Leclerc de Buffon
challenged many of accepted ideas
Earth was NOT only 6,000 years old
Earth was much older that this
Erasmus Darwin
all living things were descended from a common ancestor
more complex forms of life arose from less-complex organisms
idea was expanded upon 65 years later by is grandson, Charles Darwin
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
all organisms evolved toward perfection and complxity
didn't think that species did not become extinct
reasoned they must have evolved into different forms
Catastrophism
natural disasters have happened often during Earth's long history
shaped land forms and caused species to become extinct in the process
floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, etc....
Gradualism
proposed by James Hutton in the late 1700s
changes observed in land forms result from slow changes over a long period of time
canyons carved away by rivers
Uniformitarianism
proposed by Charles Lyell
Principles of Geology published in 1830s
expanded Hutton's theory of gradualism
geologic processes that shape Earth are uniform through time
combined Lyell's and Hutton's observations
layers of rock in Earth's surface
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