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13672485
Blood vessels
Descrição
OCR A Level Biology
Sem etiquetas
biology
module 3 - yr 12
a level
Mapa Mental por
Sara Bean
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Mais
Menos
Criado por
Sara Bean
mais de 6 anos atrás
4
0
0
Resumo de Recurso
Blood vessels
Arteries and arterioles
Thick muscle to withstand high pressures
Blood carried at high pressures generated by the ventricular systole
Oxygenated blood
Except pulmonary and umbilical arteries
Medium lumen
Elastic fibres to control pressure --> elastic recoil between contractions
Veins and venules
Thick collagen in the walls for support
Little elastic because they carry the blood at lower pressures
Valves in medium to large sized veins to prevent backflow
Carry deoxygenated blood except the pulmonary and umbilical ones
Smooth lining to allow the blood to flow easily
Large lumen
Muscle contraction squeezes them and forces the blood back towards the heart and the breathing movement of the chest pumps it back
Capillaries
One cell thick walls for small diffusion distances
Blood deoxygenates as it goes through the capillary
Smallest lumen to slow the flow of the blood right down and maximise the time for diffusion to occur
Erythrocytes have to go single-file to which increases the time available for exchange
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