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Chapter 13 - Barriers to Participation
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Mapa Mental sobre Chapter 13 - Barriers to Participation, criado por woolly_13 em 06-01-2015.
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Resumo de Recurso
Chapter 13 - Barriers to Participation
Terminology
Discrimination - "Unfair Treatment of a person, racial group, minority; action based on prejudice"
Inclusive Sport - " Where all people have the right to equal opportunities according to their particular needs"
Prejudice - " To form an unfavourable opinion before meeting an individual, often based on inadequate facts"
Social Exclusion - "When certain sections of society are left out of the mainstream"
Stereotyping - "a set of simplistic generalisations about a group that allow others to categorise them and treat them accordingly"
The performance Pyramid
Excellence
Performance
Participation
Foundation
Sport and Mass Participation
Target groups:
Young People (16-24)
Lower social classes
Women
Ethnic Minorities
Disabled People
The Elderly
Factors Limiting Participation
Opportunity - attitudes of friends, time and money
Provision - transport, equipment and facilities
Esteem - levels of self-confidence, perceptions of others, discrimination
Under-representation of women in sport
Explanations:
Less Media coveage
Lack of time and money
School PE programmes
Fewer sponsorship opportunities
Stereotypical myths
Fewer role models
Fewer female coaches and officials
Solutions:
Greater social acceptance
More media coverage
Refutation of stereotypical myths
More women are qualifying as coaches
More clubs for women to join and more competitions
Childcare is provided at some leisure centres
The Women's Sport Foundation
Sport improves body image and self-esteem
Reduces stress and depression
Develops skills necessary for success in the workplace
Lowers risk of obesity
Increases the chance of academic success
Increases the overall quality of life
Why Inside?
Comfortable environment
Seen as good for health
Non-contact activities
More socially acceptable
Sociocultural factors:
Equal opportunities
Increased media coverage
More female role models
More opportunities to play football
More clubs to join
Rejection of stereotypes
More leisure time
Race and Religion in Sport
Causes:
Conflict with religious observances
Higher value placed on education
Racist abuse
Fewer role models
Lower self-esteem and fear of rejection
Solutions:
Training more ethnic minority teachers and coaches
Single-sex provision for Muslim women
Punishing racist abuse
Organising campaigns against racism
Making more provision in PE
Under-representation of the disabled in sport
Reasons why disabled people do not participate in physical activity;
Negative self-image
Lower income levels
Lack of appropriate transport
Lack of specialist coaches
Lack of specialist equipment
Fewer competitive opportunities
Low levels of media coverage
Inclusiveness - "The idea that all people should have their needs, abilities and aspirations recognised"
Integration - "Able-bodied and disabled people taking part in the same activity at the same time"
Segregation - "People with disabilities participating separately amongst themselves"
Disability Sport England Functions:
Promotion of the benefits of exericse
Supporting relevant organisations
Increasing awareness and knowledge in society
Encouraging disabled people to play an active role in sport
Enhancing the image of sport
Effects of social class
Upper Class - polo, equestrian and field sports
Middle Class - hockey, tennis, golf and rugby union
Working Class - football, darts, snooker and rugby league
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