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2096819
Hard Engineering
Descrição
a level Geography Mapa Mental sobre Hard Engineering, criado por jessica.simms em 22-02-2015.
Sem etiquetas
a level
as level
geography
fluvial geography
physical geography
geography
Mapa Mental por
jessica.simms
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Mais
Menos
Criado por
jessica.simms
mais de 9 anos atrás
166
5
0
Resumo de Recurso
Hard Engineering
Dams
A barrier to obstruct the flow of water
+Highly effective
+ Supply HEP
-Silt collects behind dams
+Create jobs
- Could force people out of homes
- Unnatural
-Expensive
-Flood areas upstream
CASE STUDY Three gorges dam
Removal of settlements
-Expensive/Complicated
+ 100% flood risk reduction
Flood interception Schemes
building a bypass channel,using a new channel to store excess water, using embanments
-Expensive
+reduces flood risk in towns/cities
Flood storage resevoirs
store excess water in upper reaches of catchment
+Natural looking
+ Can provide water elsewhere
-Requires a lot of land
-Expensive due to buying land
Unless built on cheap high land (little of this in the U.k)
Relief channels
redirect water around a settlement to re-enter the main channel later
+can be used to supply water as well
+Natural looking
-Expensive so can only be used where it is impossible to alter existing channel
Channel improvements
Smoother(with concrete), dredging, channel straightening
+Move water out of area quicker
+Increases channel capacity
+Accomodates larger discharge
-can increase risk of flooding downstream
-requires maintenence
-Short term benefits
-More erosion downstream
-Enlarged channels often arent used and fill with weeds
Flood walls, levees and embankments
Walls and levees add height to channel
+Embankments(if set back from channel) can provide storage for excess flood waters while inhabited areas remain unaffected
-Expensive
- Eye sore
-Could speed up water downstream and flood somewhere else
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