2481466
Descrição
Mapa Mental por megan langdon, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por megan langdon
mais de 9 anos atrás
|
|
Phonological
Development
- How children
develop ability to
use & understand
sounds of lang
- First
year
- Occurs
during first
year
- Crying, cooing,
babbling, phonemic,
expansion &
contraction
- Crying, cooing,
babbling, phonemic,
expansion &
contraction
- Occurs
during first
year
- Don't make
sweeping gens
when talking about
later phonological
development
- Order in which
vowels & consonants
are acquired varies
from child to child
- Sometimes
children appear to
have mastered a
sound in one word,
but then not in
another
- General
trends
- Age 2
1/2
- All vowels &
2/3 of
consonants
mastered
- All vowels &
2/3 of
consonants
mastered
- Age 4
- Diff w/ only
few
consonants
- Diff w/ only
few
consonants
- Age 6
- 7
- Confident
use
- Confident
use
- Consonants are
first used correctly
at beginning of
words
- Consonants at
end of words
present more
diff
- Example -
'Push' vs
'riP'
- Example -
'Push' vs
'riP'
- Frequency
- Gen, sounds which
occur freq in large no
of words be acquired
before sounds that
occur less freq
- Gen, sounds which
occur freq in large no
of words be acquired
before sounds that
occur less freq
- Age 2
1/2
- Making words
easier (phonemic
simplification)
- Detection
- Ignore
sound
exists
- Ignore
sound
exists
- Final
consonants
- May be
dropped
- May be
dropped
- Unstressed
syllables
- Often
deleted
- Often
deleted
- Consonant
clusters
- Reduced
- Reduced
- Substitution
- Easier sounds
substituted for
harder ones
- R
becomes
W
- TH
becomes
D, N / F
- T
becomes
D
- P
becomes
B
- R
becomes
W
- Easier sounds
substituted for
harder ones
- Detection
- Comprehension
is often ahead
of speech
- Same can be
true in
phonological
development
- Same can be
true in
phonological
development
- Berko &
Brown (1960)
- Child -
Fis
- Adult -
This is
your fis?
- Child -
No - my
fis
- Adult - Oh,
this is your
fish
- Child -
Yes my
fis
- Child -
Yes my
fis
- Adult - Oh,
this is your
fish
- Child -
No - my
fis
- Adult -
This is
your fis?
- Child with
indistinguishable
pronunciation of
- Mouse /
mouth
- Cart /
Card
- Jug /
Duck
- Mouse /
mouth
- Could point to
corresponding
pics in a
comprehension
task
- Child -
Fis
- Intonation
- As a child gets
older, a wider range
of meanings is
expressed through
intonation
- Example
- two word
stage - 'my car'
vs 'MY car'
- two word
stage - 'my car'
vs 'MY car'
- Example
- Although intonation
patterns can be
reproduced from an early
stage, understanding of
meaning is still developing
into teenage yrs
- As a child gets
older, a wider range
of meanings is
expressed through
intonation
- Cruttenden
(1974)
- Football
results
- Intonation used in 1st
teams score enabled
adults to accurately
predict home wins away
wins / draw
- Children
7 - 11
- Youngest = largely
unsuccessful &
oldest significantly
less successful than
adults
- Youngest = largely
unsuccessful &
oldest significantly
less successful than
adults
- Football
results
- Glossary
- Phonemic
simplification
- Deletion
- Substitution
- Phonemic
simplification
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