2486077
World Cities
- Large cities that have outstripped its
national urban network and has become an
important part of the international network
of finance and trading (population over 4
million people).
- Nature, Character and Spatial Distribution of World Cities
- Command and control centres of the global economy
- Centres of the world trade, communication,
leaders in banking and finance. Also hosts of
entertainment and sporting events.
- Spatial distribution: developed countries + major
cities such as New York, London and Tokyo all are
located in different parts of the world: 24 hours
trading service
- Command and control centres of the global economy
- Role of World Cities as powerful
centres of economic and cultural
authority
- Inextricably linked to globalisation -->
powerful centres of economic, political,
cultural, infrastructure, finance, culture and
entertainment
- Key locations for a full range of financial
activites i.e banks (The Bank of America),
HSBC...
- Headquarters of many TNC's and large
corporations --> which have major
influence on the global economy e.g.
World Trade Organisation (New York)
- Major stock exchange- London
(London Stock Exchange) -->
largest trading centre for foreign
exchange (3.2 trillion dollars) +
Largest insurance services
- Accumulation of wealth and high income earners
--> being able to develop and use new technologies
and marketing strategies
- Cultural authority --> key locations for social
infrastructure and networks + entertainment
facilities
- Highly developed
infrastructure-
offices + apartment
blocks
- Sophisticated transport
systems- London
Underground Metro (
stretches over 408km and
responsible for the transport
of 3.32 million per day)
- Centres for a range of cultural
facilities- opera houses, large
entertainment centres and sporting
events e.g EPL and Madison Square
Garden
- High Learning institutions: Oxford University
and Cambridge University - top 10 rankings
- Highly developed
infrastructure-
offices + apartment
blocks
- Inextricably linked to globalisation -->
powerful centres of economic, political,
cultural, infrastructure, finance, culture and
entertainment
- Operation of Global Networks
- World Cities are closely linked
between each other- Through;
Air transportation,
telecommunication circuits
- Air Transport- Most preferred
mode of travel- direct flights
to different world cities-
London Heathrow Airport (65
million people per year
- Telecommunication-
over 200 satellites in
orbit- responsible for
the operation of world
cities
- World Cities are closely linked
between each other- Through;
Air transportation,
telecommunication circuits
- Relationships of dominance and dependence between world cities and
other urban centres + changing roles of regional centres and demise of
small towns
- Greatest control within the
global hierarchy- Due to: the
concentration of human
activities such as; economic,
political, cultural, infrastructure,
finance + entertainment.
- Changing role of regional centres,
1. Increased population and Area.
2. Increased services offered -->
greater influence in the city more
$$$ 3. Transport --> road networks,
more affordable cars. 4. Technology
--> development of technology
increased the production of money
- Demise of small towns: Caused by- decrease in
population --> globalisation + increased regional
centres offering more services + increased cost
in rural areas.
- Greatest control within the
global hierarchy- Due to: the
concentration of human
activities such as; economic,
political, cultural, infrastructure,
finance + entertainment.
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