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Psychology
Descrição
a brief description of the history of psychology, its goals and schools of thought.
Sem etiquetas
psychology
history
schools of thought
Mapa Mental por
teacher.laura
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
teacher.laura
mais de 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Psychology
is
Scientific study of the mind and behavior
uses
Empirical method
its goal
*predict behavior *understand its causes
beginnings
Philosophy
Physiology
its most important questions
Nature vs. nurture
What is more influencial, genes or the environment?
Free will vs. determination
To what extent can people control their own actions?
Accuracy vs. inaccuracy
To what extent can we process the information from the world correctly?
Conscious vs. unconscious processing
To what extent are we aware of our actions and decisions?
Differences vs. similarities
Are people generally the same or are they influenced by many factors in different ways?
Schools of thought
Structuralism
Important contributors
Wundt, Titchener
Description
Uses introspection to analyze and classify our experiences
Functionalism
Important contributors
James
Description
Studies behavior and how it helps people live in their environment
Psychodynamic
Important contributors
Freud, Jung
Description
Focuses on the role of unconscious thought, feelings and memories, placing importance on our childhood experiences
Behaviorism
Important contributors
Watson, Skinner
Description
Its study is limited to behaviors, given that it is impossible to objectively study the mind
Humanistic
Important contributors
Rogers, Maslow
Description
Focuses on the power of free will and self determination that drives a person towards self-actualization
Cognitive
Important contributors
Ebbinghaus, Piaget
Description
Focuses on mental processes, like memory, thinking and perception
Social-cultural
Important contributors
Festinger, Heider
Description
Focuses on how social situations and culture influence a person's behavior
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