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372353
B1.3 - Drugs
Descrição
GCSE Biology Mapa Mental sobre B1.3 - Drugs, criado por saff.purewal em 19-11-2013.
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biology
gcse
biology
gcse
Mapa Mental por
saff.purewal
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
saff.purewal
mais de 10 anos atrás
42
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Resumo de Recurso
B1.3 - Drugs
how drugs are developed
stage 1
drug tested on cells in lab
initial reaction of cells
toxicity
no major side effects
eg excessive growth
computer modelling used
stage 2
tested on tissues/cultures
no major side effects
done in vitro (in a petri dish)
stage 3
animal testing
check effect on organs
toxicity
side effects
stage 4
human testing on healthy volunteers
side effects
why?
humans react differently to other animals
stage 5
human testing on small numbers of people with disease
check drug works
targets disease
side effects
stage 6
human testing on large numbers of unhealthy patients
look for side effects
interaction with other drugs
stage 7
licensing of drug
licensing process
all data sent to scientists at NICE
decide whether license issued
types of drugs
medicinal
paracetamol/aspirin
used to treat symptoms not disease
can be addictive if used excessively
statins
controls cholesterol in blood
reduces risk of heart attack or stroke
once given patient never stops taking
safe
illegal
stimulants
make people feel full of energy
can cause heart attack
eg cocaine
depresants
make people feel more relaxed
can cause respiratory arrest
eg heroin
hallucinogenic
makes surroundings more intense
cause inability to regulate body temperature and blood clots
eg LSD or ecstasy
performance enhancing
stimulate muscle development to help athletes train
eg steroids
smoking
alcohol
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