null
US
Entrar
Registre-se gratuitamente
Registre-se
Detectamos que o JavaScript não está habilitado no teu navegador. Habilite o Javascript para o funcionamento correto do nosso site. Por favor, leia os
Termos e Condições
para mais informações.
Próximo
Copiar e Editar
Você deve estar logado para concluir esta ação!
Inscreva-se gratuitamente
3847621
CELLS
Descrição
all about our cells
Sem etiquetas
cells
ap biology
functions
Mapa Mental por
kenzieaj14
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Mais
Menos
Criado por
kenzieaj14
quase 9 anos atrás
10
0
0
Resumo de Recurso
CELLS
Prokaryotic
lack membrane enclosed nucleus
bacteria
can be divided into
cell envelope
includes
plasma membrane
can form
mesosomes
internal pouches
increase surface area for the attachment of enzymes
phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
cell wall
when present
maintains the shape
glycocalyx
is a
layer of polysaccharides that lies outside the cell wall
when it is well organized it is called a
capsule
when it is not well organized
slime layer
easily removed
hard to remove
cytoplasm
semifluid solution composed of water and inorganic and organic molecules encased by a plasma membrane
DNA
is found in
single coiled chromosome
located in
nucleoid
extrachromosomal pieces of DNA
are called
plasmids
which are used in
biotechnology
as a
molecular vehicle
also called a
vector
to transport DNA from different organisms
are synthesized on
ribosomes
proteins encoded by the bacterial DNA
they contain
RNA and 2 subunits
cyanobacteria
are
bacteria capable of photosynthesis
there cytoplasm contains
intense internal membranes
called
thylakoids
this is where
chlorophyll and other pigments absorb solar energy for the production of carbohydrates
are called the
blue-green bacteria
appendages
flagella, fimbriae, and conjugation pili
are made of
protein
flagella
are
motile bacteria that can propel themselves in water by appendages
another appendage
fimbriae
are
small bristlelike fibers that sprout from cell surface
involved in locomotion
conjugation pili
are
rigid tubular structures used by bacteria to pass DNA from cell to cell
most abundant
have an
average size of 1.1um wide and 2-6 um long
most common shapes are
bacillus
are
rod shaped
coccus
are
spherical
spirilla
are
spirals
are made up of
ribosome
site of protein synthesis
inclusion body
stored nutrients
mesosome
plasma membrane that folds into the cytoplasm and increases surface area
fimbriae
hairlike bristles that allow adhesion to the surface
conjugation pilus
elongated hollow appendage used for DNA transfer to the other bacterial cells
nucleoid
location of the bacterial chromosome
plasma membrane
sheath around cytoplasm that regulates entrance and exit
cell wall
covering that supports shapes and protects cell
glycocalyx
gel like coating outside cell wall, if compact- capsule, if diffuse- slime layer
flagellum
rotating filament that pushes the cell forward
smallest living unit of matter
eukaryotic
origin
endosymbiotic theory
which explains
why mitochondria and chloroplast are bounded together by a double membrane and contain their own genetic material separate from the nucleus
has nucleus
that is
essential to the life of the cell
contains
genetic information
nucleus contains
chromatin
in a matrix called
nucleoplasm
undergoes coiling into rodlike structures
called
chromosomes
carriers of genetic information
life is only possible because of the constant input of energy
by
mitochondria and chloroplasts
they
specialize in converting energy to a form that can be used by the cell
in cellular respiration
mitochondria break down carbohydrate-derived products to produce ATP
chloroplast
is a
plastid
are plant organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane and have varied functions
chromoplasts
are responsible for the color of autumn leaves, fruits, carrots
leucoplasts
colorless plastids that synthesize and store starches and oils
compartments of cells are called
organelles
carry out specialized functions that together allow the cell to be more efficient
materials are transported by
vesicles
move through the
cytoskeleton
the protein fibers serve as a tracks for transport vesicles
protein sequence of events is dogma of molecular biology
vesicles travling
may return to ER or plasma membrane where they discharge their contents to the outside of the cell
during
secretion
is termed
exocytosis because the substance exits cytoplasm
lysosomes (stomach)
are
membrane bonded vesicles produced by the Golgi apparatus
have a
low PH level and store powerful hydrolytic digestive enzymes in an inactive state
white blood cells have a greater proportion of lysosomes than other cells because of their specialized function is digestion of foreign bodies
can cause
nerve cells to die off
tay-sachs disease
similar to is a
peroxisomes
are
metabolic assistants
can cause
neurological damage
adrenoleukodystrophy
larger than vesicles are
vacuoles
membranous sacs
rids cell of access water
stores substances
essential to plant fuction
control vacuole
maintains hydrostatic/turgor pressure in plants
which
provides structural support
organelles that make up eukaryotic cells
plasma membrane
outer surface that regulates entrance and exit of molecules
cytoskeleton
maintains cell shape and assists in movement of cell parts
microtubules
protein cylinders that move organelles
intermediate filaments
protein fibers that provide stability of shape
actin filamen
protein fibers that play a role in cell division and shape
centrioles
short cylinders of microtubules
centrosome
microtubule organizing center that contains a pair of centrioles
lysosome
vesicle that digests macromolecules and cell parts
vesicle
small membrane bounded sacs that stores and transports substances
cytoplasm
semifluid matrix outside nucleus that contains organells
nucleus
command center of cell
chromatin
diffuse threads containing DNA and protein
nucleolus
region that produces and subunits of ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
protein and lipid metabolism
rough ER
studded with ribosomes, synthesizes lipid molecules, forms glycoproteins
smooth ER
lacks ribosomes, synthesizes lipid molecules, helps produce more lipids
peroxisome
vesicle that is involved in fatty acid metabolism
ribosomes
particles that carry our protein synthesis
polyribosome
strings of ribosomes simultaneously synthesizing same protiens
mitochondrion
carries out cellular respiration producing ATP
Golgi apparatus
processes, packages, and secretes modified proteins
in plants
nuclear pore
permits passage of proteins into the nucleus and ribosomal subunits out of nucleus (gate keeper)
centrosome
microtubule organizing center(lacks centrioles
central vacuole
large fluid filled sac that stores metabolites and helps maintain turgor pressure
middle lamella
cements together the primary cell walls of adjacent plant cells
chloroplast
carries out photosynthesis producing sugars
granum
stack of chlorophyll containing thylakoids in a chloroplast
microtubules
protein cylinders that aid movement of organelles
plasma membrane
surrounds cytoplasm and regulates entrance and exit
cell wall
outer surface that shapes supports and protects cell
20nm by30 nm
helps detoxify drugs
5um
produced by the Golgi apparatus
archeans
possess both qualities
Quer criar seus próprios
Mapas Mentais
gratuitos
com a GoConqr?
Saiba mais
.
Semelhante
Translations and transformations of functions
Christine Laurich
Parts of a Cell
KittyG-S
Integrated Science (BIOLOGY)
thegurlbehindthebook
Food Technology - Functions of ingredients
evie.daines
GCSE AQA Biology 2 Cells & Diffusion
Lilac Potato
Edexcel Additional Science Biology Topic 1
hchen8nrd
Biology B2.1
Jade Allatt
Cells And Cell Techniques - Flashcards (AQA AS-Level Biology)
Henry Kitchen
AQA Biology 12.1 cellular organisation
Charlotte Hewson
Respiratory System
Addeana
Plant and animal cells
Tyra Peters
Explore a Biblioteca