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Chapter 12: DNA
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Mapa Mental sobre Chapter 12: DNA, criado por StudyBuddy em 20-12-2013.
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high school biology
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Chapter 12: DNA
Rosalind Franklin
Studied DNA in 1950s using advanced x-ray technology
Obtained detailed image of DNA that hinted at it's 3-D shape
James Watson and Francis Crick
Worked off Franklin's x-ray images and measurements to determine 3-D model with double helix
DNA: Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
DNA is a polymer made of a long chain of repeated monomers called nucleotides. DNA has a shape of a double helix(spiral)
Replication
In Eukaryotic cells, DNA is folded tightly to fit in the cell. A cell replicates its DNA before the cell divides(Interphase).
Why does the double helix model foe DNA lend itself easily to replication?
Each strand has all the info needed to make the complementary strand
Steps in Replication
1) Enzymes unzip a molecule of DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds
2) Separated strands serve as a template(model) for 2 new complementary strands
3) DNA polymerase joins individual nucleotides to produce DNA and proofreads each new strand
Nucleotide
Phosphate
Deoxyribose Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
Chargaff's Rule
%A=%T %C=%G
The Code
A= Adenine T= Thymine G= Guanine C= Cytosine
Telomeres - extra repeated sections of DNA at the ends of chromosomes
Telomeres aren't actual genes
They protect important genes
They get shorter as cell ages
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