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497832
Enzymes I
Descrição
Biochemistry Mapa Mental sobre Enzymes I, criado por hardinbc em 21-01-2014.
Sem etiquetas
biochemistry
biochemistry
Mapa Mental por
hardinbc
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
hardinbc
quase 11 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Enzymes I
Properties
Proteins
Work @ physiological conditions
Anotações:
Low temperature, neutral pH, atmospheric pressure, aqueous environment
Efficient
Active site
Specific
Anotações:
A separate binding site determines the specificity of serine proteases.
Chymotrypsin - large hydrophobic substrates Trypsin - (+) substrates Elastase - small substrates (glycine)
Due to conformation
Active site
Where substrate binds
Stereospecific
Regulated
Coenzymes
Anotações:
Non-protein parts of the enzymes
Vitamins
Anotações:
Vitamins are precursors to coenzymes
Thaimin (B1)
Thiamine pyrophosphate
Aldehyde transfer
Covalent intermediate w/ keto groups
deficiency
Beriberi
Riboflavin (B2)
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD)
Redox
Deficiency
Cheliosis and angular stomatitus, dermatitus
Pyridoxine (B6)
Pyridoxal Phosphate
Group transfer to/from AAs
Covalent complexes w/ amino groups
Deficiency
Depression, confusion, convulsion
Nicotin acid (niacin)
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
Redox
Deficiency
Pellagra
Used by alcohol dehydrogenases to abstract H from alcohols
Classes
Oxidoreducatases
Oxidation-reduction
lactate dehydrogenase
Transferases
Group transfer
NMP Kinase
Hydrolases
Hydrolysis Rxns
Chymotrypsin
Anotações:
Mechanism of Chymotrypsin: First, the subtrate binds.
Next, histidine activates serine for nucleophilic attack.
After that, the oxyanion tetrahedral intermediate is stabilized by H-bonds.
Then, the cleavage of the peptide bond occurs.
Serine protease
Hydrolyzes peptide bonds
Lyases
Addition/removal of groups to form double bonds
Fumarase
Isomerases
Isomerization
Triose phosphate isomerase
Ligases
Ligation of two substrates at the expense of ATP hydrolysis
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Catalysis
Orientation/proximity
Induced fit model
General acid/base catalysis
Nucleophilic catalysis
Stabilize transition state
Metal ion catalyst
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