Respiratory System 2

Descrição

Mapa Mental sobre Respiratory System 2, criado por Colleen Curley em 19-04-2016.
Colleen Curley
Mapa Mental por Colleen Curley, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Colleen Curley
Criado por Colleen Curley mais de 8 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Respiratory System 2
  1. Trachea
    1. Horseshoe shaped rings of cartilage with ends connected posteriorly by the trachealis muscle (smooth)
      1. Conducts air into thorax
        1. Withstands stretch
          1. Transports mucous blanket
            1. Mucosa
              1. Epithelium: PSCC (+Goblet cells)
                1. Lamina propria- large amounts of elastic fibres
                2. Submucosa
                  1. Seromucous acinar glands
                  2. Adventitia
                    1. Loose CT reinforced by 16-20 C-shaped rings of cartiliage
                  3. Bronchi
                    1. PSCC (+goblet cells)
                      1. Seromucous glands
                        1. Extrapulmonary Cartilage: Complete C-shaped rings
                          1. Intrapulmonary Cartilage: incomplete plates
                            1. Spirally arranged smooth muscle
                              1. Moves air in and out of lungs
                                1. Main - L + R,
                                  1. Lobar - 2L + 3R
                                    1. Segmental -8L+ 10R
                                    2. Bronchopulmonary segments
                                      1. Morphologically and functionally seperate and independent respiratory units of lung tissue
                                        1. Supplied by tertiary bronchus
                                          1. Each segment surrounded by CT can be removed without affecting othersegments
                                            1. 10 segments in right lung and 8 in left lung
                                            2. Bronchioles
                                              1. <1mm diameter
                                                1. Conducts air into respiratory passageways
                                                  1. Simple columnar/cuboidal epithelium
                                                    1. NO glands and NO cartilage
                                                      1. Prominent smooth muscle
                                                        1. Gradual decrease of cilia and goblet cells
                                                          1. Clara cells
                                                            1. Protect bronchiolar epithelium
                                                              1. Secrete solution similar to surfactant
                                                            2. Alveoli
                                                              1. Simple squamous epithelium
                                                                1. Type I pneumocytes - gas exchange
                                                                  1. Type II pneumocytes - surfactant production
                                                                    1. Surfactant reduces surface tension
                                                                    2. Elastic and reticular fibres
                                                                      1. capillaries: mid-wall
                                                                        1. Alveolar macrophages
                                                                        2. Asthma
                                                                          1. Chronic lung disease- inflames and narrows airways
                                                                            1. Increased contractibility of smooth muscle in airways
                                                                              1. Thickened basement membrane
                                                                                1. Swelling of mucosa
                                                                                  1. Increase in mucous production

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