5359872
Descrição
Mapa Mental por ELeanor Turner, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por ELeanor Turner
mais de 8 anos atrás
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B1.3 The use and abuse of drugs
- Drugs
- Extensively tested and trialled
- Tested in the lab
- 1st stage: cells, tissues
- 2nd stage: live animals
- Clinical trials
- 3rd stage: healthy volunteers
- Low dosage at start
- Slowly increased
- Test for side effects
- Test for side effects
- Slowly increased
- Low dosage at start
- 4th stage: patients with the illness
- Optimum dosage found
- Least side effects
- Least side effects
- 5th stage: blind clinical trials- patients split into two groups
- One group given the real drug,
another given a placebo
- Allows for placebo effect
- Patient expects drug to work so
feels better, even if the 'drug' is
doing nothing
- Patient expects drug to work so
feels better, even if the 'drug' is
doing nothing
- Placebo
- Substance like the drug being
tested but doesn't do anything
- Substance like the drug being
tested but doesn't do anything
- Allows for placebo effect
- Sometimes trials are double blind
- Patient nor doctor knows which is the placebo
- Patient nor doctor knows which is the placebo
- One group given the real drug,
another given a placebo
- Optimum dosage found
- 3rd stage: healthy volunteers
- 1st stage: cells, tissues
- For toxicity, efficacy and dose
- Tested in the lab
- Extensively tested and trialled
- Thalidomide
- Intended as a sleeping pill
- Found effective against morning sickness
- Has not been tested on pregnant women
- Many babies born with severe limb abnormalities
- Drug banned
- Drug banned
- Many babies born with severe limb abnormalities
- Has not been tested on pregnant women
- Found effective against morning sickness
- Resulted in more
rigorous drug
testing
- Now used to treat other diseases
- Leprosy
- Leprosy
- Intended as a sleeping pill
- Legal and illegal drugs
- Medicinal
- Some require prescription
- Morphine
- Some do not
- Paracetamol
- Paracetamol
- Statins
- Lower risk of heart and circulatory diseases
- Also lower blood cholesterol
- And risk of heart disease in diabetic patients
- And risk of heart disease in diabetic patients
- Also lower blood cholesterol
- Lower risk of heart and circulatory diseases
- Morphine
- Some require prescription
- Recreational
- Used for fun
- Legal
- Alcohol
- Slows
reactions
- Liver disease
- Brain damage
- Slows
reactions
- Nicotine
- Cancer
- Addiction
- Disease of
heart and
lungs
- Cancer
- Alcohol
- Illegal
- Ecstasy
- Cannabis
- Can cause mental health problems
- Considered a gateway drug
- Can cause mental health problems
- Heroin
- All three can cause
heart and circulatory
problems
- All three can cause
heart and circulatory
problems
- Addictive
- Ecstasy
- Legal
- Used for fun
- Performance enhancing
- Improve an athlete's
performance in sport
- Anabolic steroids
- Increase muscle size
- Can lead to
high blood
pressure
- Increase muscle size
- Stimulants
- Increase heart rate
- Increase heart rate
- Arguments against
- Unfair
- Athletes may not have been
informed about the risks
- Unfair
- Arguments for
- Athletes can make their own decisions
- Sport is not fair anyway,
different training facilities etc
- Athletes can make their own decisions
- Anabolic steroids
- Some illegal, some prescribed
- All banned from sporting bodies
- Improve an athlete's
performance in sport
- The overall impact of legal drugs is
- Much greater than the impact of illegal drugs
- More people use them
- More people use them
- Have negative effects on economy and society
- Much greater than the impact of illegal drugs
- Medicinal
- Effects of drugs
- Change body chemistry
- Results in
- Becoming addicted
- Becoming addicted
- Results in
- If addicts do not take the drug they have
- Withdrawal symptoms
- Withdrawal symptoms
- Change body chemistry
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