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6784008
Matter
Descrição
Describes how matter could be classified
Sem etiquetas
matter
substance
ph
Mapa Mental por
alya ghubash
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
alya ghubash
quase 8 anos atrás
10
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0
Resumo de Recurso
Matter
how is matter classified?
structure
element
ions
electrically charged particles
compound
2 or more atoms of ions bonded together
molecules
2 or more elements joined chemically
All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds
Water
contain at least 2 different elements
states
solid
vibrate in its place
liquid
molecules are farther apart
gas
molecules slide and move rapidly
how is heat transferred
Endothermic: Heat is released(expand)
Exothermic: Heat is absorbed(contracted)
Reactions
Reactants
Products->
Catalysts: Speeds up reactions
Enzymes: Living organizms
Initial energy: Amount of energy exerted on an object to start a reaction
The ability to do work
Energy
Types of Energy
Quality
HIgh
Can be used to perform useful work
Electricity
Low
Can't be used to perform useful work
Heat in the ocean
Motion
Kinetic: Moving
Potential: Energy due to relative position
Forms of energy
Electricity
Light
Chemical
Heat
Energy can't be created nor destroyed
When converting energy into other forms, energy is lost
This is called Entropy
A type of energy which is usually lost is
How it can be separated
can be separated by physical; process
no
Single pure substance
can be separated by a chemical process
No
Element
Oxygen
Yes
compound
Acid or Base
Acid
Releases hydrogen ions in a solution
Attracts hydroxide ion
1-6.99 pH
Turns litmus paper to red , either blue or red litmus paper
Eg: Gastric acid , Lemon Juice
Base
Releases hydroxide ions in the solution
Attracts hydrogen ion
7.01-14pH
Turns litmus paper to blue , either blue or red litmus paper
Eg: Bleach ,Milk
Tools to indicate substances
Qualitative
Universal Indicator(Chemical indicator)
Litmus paper
Blue
Red
Quantitative
pH scale
mixture of substances
Air
Biological (Organic)
Non-biological (Inorganic)
Scientific Methods
A way of gaining information about the world by forming possible solutions to questions
If the conditions exist- the results will happen
Repeated events probably have the same causes
Fundamental rules of nature are universal
How to construct
1) observation using the five senses
2) Ask questions
3) Constructing a hypothesis and test it
A good hypothesis should be
logical
few assumptions
account for all relevant information currently available
allow prediction
4) If it's proven not true then it's rejected.
Reproductibility
Must be repeated by independent investigators to ensure a lack of bias
Communication is vital
Provides assurance
So it could be published in journals , articles , and books.
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