6821565
Descrição
Mapa Mental por martina wan, atualizado more than 1 year ago
|
Criado por martina wan
aproximadamente 8 anos atrás
|
|
Bacteria (example of monera)
- What are they:
They are
unicellular
organisms,
prokaryotes (no
membrane
bound nucleus/
organelle)
- They're classified according to 3 shapes: Spherical,
Rod and Spiral. These are all bacterial cells
- Spiral: (spirrillum)
e.g treponema
pallidum (syphillis)
- Spherical: (cocci)
e.g staphylococcus
aureus
(pneumonia and
throat infection)
- Rod: (bacillus)
e.g bacillus
anthracis
(anthrax)
- Spiral: (spirrillum)
e.g treponema
pallidum (syphillis)
- Always present:
cell wall, cell
membrane,
cytoplasm,
ribosome,
loop of DNA
- cell wall: protects
cell, supports and
strengthens cell
- cell membrane:
retains cell contents
and controls what
passes in and out of
the cell
- cytoplasm:
fluid that
contains cell
organelles
- ribosome: makes protein
- Loop of DNA:
contains genes
that control the
cell
- cell wall: protects
cell, supports and
strengthens cell
- Sometimes present:
flagella,
capsule(dry or
slime layer(moist)
and plasmid
- flagella: allows cell to move/swim
- capsule/slime layer: prevents water loss
- plasmid: contains genes
- flagella: allows cell to move/swim
- Always present:
cell wall, cell
membrane,
cytoplasm,
ribosome,
loop of DNA
- They're classified according to 3 shapes: Spherical,
Rod and Spiral. These are all bacterial cells
- Reproduction
- is asexual
- method is
known as binary
fission
- method is
known as binary
fission
- 1) DNA replicates and
move to each end of
the cell (they elongate)
- 2) Cell membrane
and cell wall pinch
in to form two
separate cells
- 3) Each contains
its own loop of
DNA, they are
known as
daughter cells
- 3) Each contains
its own loop of
DNA, they are
known as
daughter cells
- 2) Cell membrane
and cell wall pinch
in to form two
separate cells
- is asexual
- Endospores
- is a tough resistant cell
that forms around one
of the loops of DNA
inside the existing cells
- Can survive unfavourable
conditions
- is a tough resistant cell
that forms around one
of the loops of DNA
inside the existing cells
- Conditions for bacterial growth
- Nutrition,
Temperature,
Oxygen,
concentration, pH,
External solute
concentration,
Pressure
- Nutrition,
Temperature,
Oxygen,
concentration, pH,
External solute
concentration,
Pressure
- Growth curve:
- A)Lag phase
B)Log phase
C)Stationary phase
D)Decline phase
E)Survival phase
- Lag phase- does not
change as it's reacting to
the new environment
- Log phase- increases
rapidly to reproduce
at the maximum rate
- Stationary phase- does not change as
the bacteria may be short for food,
water, space or oxygen
- Decline phase- falls rapidly
because the death rate is
greater than the reproduction
rate
- Survival phase- small number of bacteria remain dormant as spores
- Lag phase- does not
change as it's reacting to
the new environment
- A)Lag phase
B)Log phase
C)Stationary phase
D)Decline phase
E)Survival phase
- Food processing
- Batch Food Processing and
Continuous-Flow Food Processing
- Batch Food Processing and
Continuous-Flow Food Processing
- Beneficial and Harmful bacteria
- Beneficial: to make
yoghurt and cheese,
genetically engineered
bacteria make enzymes
and hormones
- Harmful: causes food to
decay and pathogenic
bacteria cause diseases such
as pneumonia and tetanus
- Beneficial: to make
yoghurt and cheese,
genetically engineered
bacteria make enzymes
and hormones
- Antibiotics
- they are chemicals
produced but micro
organisms that kill or
prevent the growth of
bacteria without damaging
the human tissue
- Antibiotic resistance
- When an antibiotic is first used it kills the bacteria
in the organism. Soon the mutation in one
bacterium will cause that bacterium to be
resistant to the antibiotic
- As all the antibiotic-sensitive bacteria are
killed off, the resistant bacterium has no
competition and can form huge numbers of
resistant bacteria
- Bacteria have developed and resistance
to most known antibiotics. They are
called multi-resistant bacteria
- The over-use of antibiotics has
accelerated the evolution of the
multi-resistant bacteria
- The over-use of antibiotics has
accelerated the evolution of the
multi-resistant bacteria
- Bacteria have developed and resistance
to most known antibiotics. They are
called multi-resistant bacteria
- As all the antibiotic-sensitive bacteria are
killed off, the resistant bacterium has no
competition and can form huge numbers of
resistant bacteria
- When an antibiotic is first used it kills the bacteria
in the organism. Soon the mutation in one
bacterium will cause that bacterium to be
resistant to the antibiotic
- Antibiotics don't kill viruses.
- Examples: penicillin and streptomycin
- Examples: penicillin and streptomycin
- Antibiotic resistance
- they are chemicals
produced but micro
organisms that kill or
prevent the growth of
bacteria without damaging
the human tissue
Anexos de mídia
Quer criar seus próprios Mapas Mentais gratuitos com a GoConqr? Saiba mais.