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709161
A2 Level Biology: Transcription & Translation
Descrição
Mind map of transcription & translation for OCR A2 level biology
Sem etiquetas
a levels
biology
protein synthesis & cellular control
biology
protein synthesis & cellular control
a levels
Mapa Mental por
Ollie O'Keeffe
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Mais
Menos
Criado por
Ollie O'Keeffe
mais de 10 anos atrás
1113
83
2
Resumo de Recurso
A2 Level Biology: Transcription & Translation
RNA Polymerase
Enzyme
Binds to gene at Start codon
Breaks hydrogen bonds between DNA strands
Lines up free-floating DNA nucleotide bases to DNA template strand
Bases bind to DNA template strand by complementary base pairing
Once RNA Polymerase has passed, the DNA heilx begins to reform
Hydrogen bonds between bases
mRNA
Single polynucleotide strand
Ribose sugar, phosphate group, nucleotide base
Formed in the nucleus
Combines with tRNA in cytoplasm
Nucleotide base triplets on mRNA are called CODONS
tRNA
Single polynucleotide strand
Clover shape
Held in shape by hydrogen bonds between bases
Anticodon at one end
Sequence of 3 DNA Nucleotide bases
Complementary to a specific triplet on mRNA
Amino Acid binding site at other end
Each tRNA molecule has a specific amino acid attatched
Found in cytoplasm
Combines with mRNA in a ribosome, in cytoplasm
Translation
1. mRNA enters ribosome
2. tRNA binds to the first codon by complementary base pairing
3. A second tRNA binds to the second codon on mRNA
4. The two amino acids (one on each tRNA) form a peptide bond between them
5. A third tRNA binds to the next codon on mRNA
6. The first tRNA detatches and leaves the ribosome (leaving its amino acid behind)
6. This tRNA's amino acid forms a peptide bond to the second amino acid
7. This continues, forming a chain of amino acids, held together by peptide bonds
Ribosome
Formed of rRNA and complex proteins
rRNA = Ribosomal RNA
Located in cytoplasm of cells
Acts as site of protein synthesis
mRNA & tRNA combine here
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