Pesticide Poisoning Caused Toddler’s Death

the Nervous System
1. CNS
2. PNS
  1. Somatic nervous system (skeletal muscle)
  2. Autonomic nervous system (cardiac and smooth muscle
    1. Sympathetic (fight or flight)
    2. parasympathetic (resting)
3. requires neurons synapse
  1. forming synaptic cleft
    1. works by neurotransmitters
      1. both
        Acetylcholine
        Nor epinephrine
        Small-molecule, rapid acting transmitter. Synthesized in pre-synaptic terminal. Mostly excitatory except in heart.
      2. inhibitory
        Glycine
        GABA
        Serotonin
        Dopamine
      3. excitatory
        Glutamate
        Aspartate
        Nitric oxide
Food poisoning
1. Symptoms
  1. Nausea
  2. Vomiting
  3. Watery diarrhea
  4. Abdominal pain and cramps
  5. Fever (rare)
2. Common Causers
  1. Clostridium botulinum
    1. Clostridium perfringens
      1. E. Coli
        Noroviruses
        Salmonella & Shigella
        Staph aureus
        Bacillus cereus
3. Risk Factor
  1. Pregnant women
    1. Elderly weaker immune system
      1. Infants and young children immune systems not fully developed
        People with weakened immune system e.g AIDS & chemotherapy and radiotherapy & NSAIDS and SAIDS
4. Complications
  1. Severe dehydration can be fatal
The most common household poisons
1. Medicines - Carbon monoxide - Button batteries - Iron pills - Cleaning products - Nail glue remover and nail primer - Hydrocarbons- Pesticides - Windshield washer solution and antifreeze - Wild mushrooms - Alcohol - Drain cleaners and toilet bowl cleaners - Topical anesthetics
Organophosphate Poisoning
1. Organophosphate uses
  1. Insecticides - Herbicides Nerve gas - Anthelmintic drugs - Ophthalmic agents
2. Pathophysiology
3. Effects
Emergency management
1. History taken
2. Clinical evaluation
3. Toxicology laboratory
4. ABC approach
5. general care
6. Resuscitiation
Lab investigations
1. Cholinesterase Tests
2. RFT
3. LFT
Autopsy
1. Types
  1. forensic
  2. Clinical autopsy
  3. Academic autopsy
  4. virtual autopsy
2. postmortum examination performed to confirm the cause of death
Long-Term Health Effects of Chemical Poisoning
1. Damage to the lungs - Cancer - Damage to the liver- Toxic hepatitis - Damage to the nervous system- Damage to the immune system - Sterility - Birth defects - Damage to hormone-producing glands
Hemodynamic Monitoring
1. The assessment of the Cardiovascular System - Arterial Blood Pressure - Central Venous Pressure - Pulmonary Artery Catheter - Cardiac Output Measurement - Tissue Oxygenation
Hemodialysis
1. Treatment done when the kidney failure- artificial cleaning of the blood
2. done to prevent acidosis
Critical Care
1. Admission
  1. Method of handling (Quality of Care)
    1. Equipment
      1. Specialties
        Discharge
Medically induced coma
1. deep state of unconsciousness, the brain is able to rest and swelling is more likely to decrease. When swelling is relieved, pressure on the brain also reduces, hopefully preventing some or all brain damage from occurring.
psychological effects
1. PTSD
  1. marked by increased stress and anxiety following exposure to a traumatic or stressful event
2. Grief

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Pesticide Poisoning Caused Toddler’s Death

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	Criado por hamda ali mais de 7 anos atrás