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Archaeology lecture 2
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Mapa Mental sobre Archaeology lecture 2, criado por Emily Whelan em 09-01-2017.
Mapa Mental por
Emily Whelan
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Emily Whelan
mais de 7 anos atrás
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Archaeology lecture 2
Mantheo was a Ptolemaic Historian
3rd Century BC he divided Egyptian history into dynasties
He had access to sources we don't
Early Dynastic, 3000BC
Whole country united, upper and lower, governed from Memphis
Years of stabilty and order
End of late period??
Macedonian Greek Plotemics expelled Persians
Governed Egypt as part of Meditteranian super state until 30BC
Used Roman Bread and Circus system
Developement of burial rights
Gebelein, 3200BC, foetal position with grave goods
Pots, probably with food and milk
Concept of afterlife
Hierakonpolis- first major temple. Earlier temple under later
Symbols of Kingship eg. Narmer Palette, explains unification
Standard depiction of power, used in Roman times
Early Dynastic
Early royal burials in Abydos
Some cult activities
Old kingdom, 2686-2181 BC
'Age of pyramids'
Lower Egypt- Memphis and Nubia- are the focus
Royal settings in capital, concentrated population
Pyramids concentrated in North, near Cairo
Burial of King Djoser in 3rd dynasty
Step pyramid at Saqqara
Imhotep was architect
Visible from capital- power statement
Had valley temple and harbour for transportation and ceremonies
Middle KIngdom 2038-1650
Preceeded by period of disarser eg. loss of centralissed authority
Emergene of king who looked like kings of old
Worshipped at Abydos and Nubia
Pyramids made of mud brick covered in Stone
Egypt later taken over by Syrian Palastines, the Hixos
Expanded in near east, ringing Egypt with protective client states
Gold from Nubia
Allowed for Temple building eg. temple of Amun in Karnu
KIngs buried in Valley of the Kings
Brief period of monotheism under KIng Akhenaten, unpopular and soon replaced
Late period 664-332BC
Memphis no longer base, kings moved to Delta
New capitals eg. Tanis in eastern Delta
Weak and reused materials
Conquroed by Nubian Pharos then twice by Perians
Alexander expelled Persians then died
Generals divided his KIngdom, with Ptolemy being best
Egypt now faced Mediteranian
Ptolemiac dynasty, 305-30BC
Building across Egypt
Most famous was Cleopatra VII
Roman period 30-396
Overthrown by Romans due to their influence
Slight change in material culture, especially funerals, but still mummified
Art changed
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