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1.3 Health Promotion Models
- Medical Model
- Aim: To achieve freedom from medically
defined disease and disability
- Strengths
- Accurate scientific basis &
practiced by experts eg doctor
- Reassured
- Reassured
- Success can be tracked and confirmed
eg. the disappearance of smallpox
- Generally free
- Accurate scientific basis &
practiced by experts eg doctor
- Weaknesses
- Authoritarian - government tells you what to do
(Appointments on your behalf)
- Time off work - won't go
- Time off work - won't go
- Technology needed is expensive
- Unreliable - false positives or negatives
- Fear of needles/ results -
don't go
- Authoritarian - government tells you what to do
(Appointments on your behalf)
- Strengths
- Focuses on the prevention of disease or disability
through intervention by medical prefessionals
- Encourage people to seek early
detection and treatment of
illnesses / flu / cancer
- Immunisation
- Flu jab
- Cervical smears
- Mammograms (Breast cancer)
- Aim: To achieve freedom from medically
defined disease and disability
- Educational/ Behavioural Model
- emphasizes information giving to promote
better knowledge and understanding of
health matters so that individuals can
adopt healthier lifestyles
- Aim: To persuade individuals and groups to adopt a
healthier lifestyle by informing them of health issues
- Strengths
- Allows people to make up their own minds
- Offers choice/ empowement
- Offers information and support
- Promotes self esteem
- less stress= improve all round
- less stress= improve all round
- Interesting = change
attitudes in long term
- Allows people to make up their own minds
- Weaknesses
- Knowledge doesn't always
result in changed behaviour
- People dislike being told what to do
- Behavour is not easy to change
- Doesn't take into account other
infulences eg. temptations or stress
- Knowledge doesn't always
result in changed behaviour
- Strengths
- Behavioural part:
- Encourage individuals to
change their own attitudes or
behaviour and so adopt a
healthy lifestyle
- Encourage individuals to
change their own attitudes or
behaviour and so adopt a
healthy lifestyle
- Educational Part
- Individuals are given knowledge and
understanding of health issue, given
skills to make informed choice and
then act on it
- Individuals are given knowledge and
understanding of health issue, given
skills to make informed choice and
then act on it
- emphasizes information giving to promote
better knowledge and understanding of
health matters so that individuals can
adopt healthier lifestyles
- Societal Model
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