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9116037
Planning
Descrição
Year 1
Sem etiquetas
business management
business management year 1
first year
Mapa Mental por
otto dube
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
otto dube
aproximadamente 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Planning
Importance of planning
It provides a means for managers to participate in decision making for goals.
It is necessary to provide the organisation with a sense of direction.
it helps with coordinate the functions of the various organisational structures
Steps in the planning process
1. Opportunity Awareness: diagnosing the organisations current capablities.
2. Establishing goals: its provides direction to the organisational goals
3. Drwaing up premises: what futures are exepected to occur.
4. Developing various courses of action: alternate ways to achieve goal.
5. Evaluating alternatives: in step 4 needs checked including factors
6. Selecting a course of action: results from Step 5.
7. Formulative Derivative plans: drawing plans which support the initial plan.
8. Budgeting: establish resources to achieve goals of the organisations.
Barriers to effective planning:
A Number of barriers to effective planning
Lack of Environmental knowledge
Lack of organisational knowledge
Reluctance to establish goals
Resistance to change
Time and Expense
they can be overcome by:
Top management's commitment to planning process the provisional effective long term plans
Management should recognise the limitations of planning and understand to thta plans will require adjustments ongoing basis
Management should ensure effective communication of organisational plans at all levels.
The Benefits of a contingency planning should recognised by organisations.
Planning Tools
PERT (Programme Evalution & Review Technique)
aids with planning of projects through establishing a network of the project tasks
Forecasting
provides projections into the future conditions based on current and historical information
Budgeting
is plan dealt for the future.
Scheduling
a Gantt chart serves to break a project down into smaller tasks.
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