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9133058
The Weimar Republic
Descrição
The establishment of the Weimar Republic and its early problems
Sem etiquetas
history
germany
history
development of dictatorship: germany, 1918-45
igcse
Mapa Mental por
Eva Something
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Eva Something
mais de 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
The Weimar Republic
The German Revolution 1918
Causes
Failure in WW1
2 million German troops died
Hardship in War
Influenza epidemic
Food shortages due to allied blockade
Russian Revolution 1917
Events
29 Oct - Sailor's mutiny
4 Nov - Workers and Soldiers council set up in Kiel
40,000 workers
7 Nov - Bavaria revolt
King fled
Declared to people's state
9 Nov - Kaiser abdicated
Effects
Armistice - 11 Nov
Weimar government formed
The New Constitution
Weaknesses
Coalitions
Unstable government
Article 48
Unlimited power
Small parties with few votes got into govt
Strengths
Democracy -> elections
Checks and balances made sure power was divided
Men AND women over 20 could vote
Treaty of Versailles
Terms
Pay reparations (6600 million pounds)
Lost colonies
Military forces cut
Army limited to 100,000,
No airforce
Lost land
13% of European territory
50% of iron reserves
Reactions
Politicians
Not able to negotiate, but were forced to agree
Diktat
Requested changes - not accepted
German people
Way too harsh
Dolchstoss (stab in the back)
Believed army had not been defeated, could have gone on
Called politicians The November Criminals
Political Problems
Spartacist uprising
Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg
100,000 communists demonstrated in Berlin
took over key buildings
Freikorps put down uprising
250,000 anti - communist demobilised soldiers
Kapp Putsch
5000 right wing supporters of Kapp marched on Berlin
Planned to overthrow govt.
Government fled, urged workers to go on strike
Berlin life stopped - Kapp realised he could not govern and fled
Economic problems
Causes
Bankruptcy
Reparations from TOV
Lost land with coal
Used gold reserves in wars
Occupation of the Ruhr
Germany could not pay reparations
French sent troops to Ruhr
Workers went on strike
80% of German coal and iron were in Ruhr
Hyperinflation, govt. kept on printing money
Effects
Savings became worthless
People had to be paid by the hour
Shortages for everyone
Businesses able to pay off loans
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