the tempromandbular joint

type : bicondylar synovial bones: head of mandible , manndibular fossa of temporal bone, and artecular tubercle structure : the arteculating bones are enclosed within a fibrous capsule and attached to its inner side a thick white fibrocartlage that separtes the joint cavity in to two spaces movement; elevation of mandible = closure of mouth ---all muscles of mastication except lateral pterygoid  depresion of mandible =opening of the mouth ---- lateral pterygoid  protraction  ---all muscles of mastication except temporalis retraction-----temporalis side to side -----the medial and lateral pterygoids ligaments:  lateral ligament  of TMJ : attached from the artecular tubercle to the lateral side of the neck of mandible  it is the strongest ligament and prevent posterior dislocation of the mandible stylomandibular ligament: from styloid process to angle of mandible ( condensed deep fascia) sphenomandebular ligament : from spine of sphenoid to lingula of mandible (embryological remains of the 1st pharyngeal arch) pterygo mandebular ligament: from pterygoid hamulus to mylohyoid line  islocation: commmon anterior due to yawing or masive openning in dental procedures reduction: done by depression followed by retraction