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Working class cause most crime - usually associated with young unemployed males from less well of backgrounds. - National Prison Survey. 41% of those in prison, unskilled or skilled manual labour - Home Office report, 60% of robberies take place in 3 urban areas: Manchester,London,West Midlands - Crime is higher in densely populated middle class areas - More likely to commit violent crimes e.g robbery, murder, rape. - They need money. Lack of norms or parent influence. - Violent crimes= more likely to be detected by police Poverty cause crime - Lack of education, and employment. Unable to fulfil lives - SPCR study in England+ Wales, newly convicted adults 18+, 63% were temporarily excluded from school - 43% permanently excluded from school - Social Exclusion Unit, nearly 2 thirds youth offenders are unemployed at time of arrest - People in poverty become socially excluded, cant afford to do things turn to drugs+ alcohol. - Home office survey shows that almost seven out of ten people arrested test positive for illegal drugs. Working class do not cause most crime - Becker’s Labelling theory, social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitutes deviance. - Those who make the rules; the upper class label lower classes as poor and criminals, due to caring norms and expectations - Even if they are not they begin to see themselves as criminal - Working class are seen as more likely to commit crime (young black male stereotype - Judges from upper classes, more likely to perceiver working class as criminals, not focus on white crime - People with money able to afford better defence White Collar crime exists - Marx, capitalism exploits the working class, law and courts run by upper class - Main focus on working class crime, upper class crime less publicised - White collar crime, cost UK economy 14 billion a year, significantly more than blue collar - Middle class crime varies from working class. Middle class associated with fraud and financial crime, easier to disguise - Laura Johnston, millionaire’s daughter, involved in orchestrating looting during London riots - School teaching assistant, lifeguard also involved Males commit more crime - Women represent 5% of prison population - Ministry of justice, men were responsible for 86% of ‘indictable offences’ in September 2012 - Homicide statistics, 2011/12 89% males out of 2012 suspects were found guilty, 11% out of 25 females - Sex role theory, women and males are raised differently, men expected to show masculinity through aggression. - Women controlled expected to show compassion in accordance to traditional role as mother Women do commit crime - rise in violent crime offenders in women - 2000-2010, women’s population increased 27% - High correlation between drug use and female crime - 2010, 24% women in prison were serving it for drug offences - 90% women in cordenviec because of drug related crime - Men stereotyped to commit crime, less focus on women - Justice system less likely to put women in prison, use alternative forms (children)
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