Sleep Medications in Psychiatry

All of the following are true about Trazadone (Desyrel, Olpetro) (select all that apply):

Which Schedule IV medication is FDA approved for sleep onset and maintenance?

Suvorexant (Belsomra) is an Orexin 1 and 2 [blank_start]antagonist[blank_end] and is not recommended if a patient is on a strong [blank_start]CYP3A4[blank_end] [blank_start]inhibitor[blank_end] like nefazodone, suboxone, clarithromycin and certain HIV medications.

Which brand name of Doxepin is used for sleep?

Doxepin (Silenor) is a selective and potent [blank_start]Histamine[blank_end] 1 antagonist, that is used for sleep [blank_start]maintenance[blank_end] insomnia, and is the only [blank_start]non-controlled[blank_end] prescribed for sleep maintenance insomnia.

There is an increased risk for sedation with higher or lower doses of Doxepin (Silenor)?

T or F. Weight gain is unusual for low dose Sinequan (Doxepin).

The following are common and uncommon side effects for Doxepine (Silenor) (select all that apply):

Which medication can increase doxepin concentrations?

[blank_start]Temazepam[blank_end] is also known as Restoril and is a [blank_start]benzodiazepine[blank_end] that is FDA approved for the [blank_start]short[blank_end]-term treatment of insomnia. It has a BBW of increased CNS depressant effects with [blank_start]opioids[blank_end].

T or F. Temazepam may be more effective for mid-nocturnal awakenings than sleep onset insomnia.

Temazepam or Restoril should be dosed how soon before bedtime?

The following is correct about Temazepam (Restoril) (select all that apply):

Which benzodiazepine used for sleep is more likely to cause anterograde amnesia, unusual behaviors and hallucinations.

[blank_start]Triazolam[blank_end] or Halcion is FDA approved for short-term insomnia but can be used in [blank_start]catatonia[blank_end]. The shorter half-life prevents [blank_start]sedation[blank_end] and may minimize interactions with daytime meds. [blank_start]Ranitidine[blank_end] may increase concentrations.

T or F. With Triazolam the clearance is slightly faster with women than men.

The following is correct about Zaleplon (Sonata)

This medication can reduce the effectiveness of Zaleplon (Sonata).

This is a uncommon side effect of Zaleplon (Sonata).

Zaleplon (Sonata) has not been shown to [blank_start]increase[blank_end] total sleep time or decrease the number of [blank_start]awakenings[blank_end].

T or F. Zaleplon can be used for mid-nocturnal awakenings with 4 hrs of sleep time remaining because evidence shows no residual sedation after 4 hours.

Jerry is a 38-year-old male who struggled with insomnia for several months. After trials of medication for short-term insomnia he wants to explore a medication that has efficacy for long term us and has a low potential for abuse. Based on this patient's wishes, which medication should the PMHNP prescribe?

The following is true about Eszopiclone (Lunesta) (select all that apply):

Which baseline and routine labs are required with Eszopiclone (Lunesta)?

T or F. Sally has a history of a substance use disorder. She has been sober from drugs and alcohol for 5 years. She is now experiencing a period of insomnia. It is best practice for the PMHNP to prescribe Zolpidem (Ambien).

The FDA recommends avoiding this activity the whole day after taking Ambien CR.

What formulation of Zolpidem can be used for nocturnal awakenings with difficulty falling back asleep, with at least 4 hours of bedtime remaining.

Women and the elderly metabolize zolpidem more [blank_start]slowly[blank_end] than men, making them more vulnerable to [blank_start]next day[blank_end] effects. As such the max dose for women and the elderly is [blank_start]5[blank_end]mg.

T or F. Ambien CR may allow enough agent to remain at receptors to improve sleep time and prevent early morning awakenings.

[blank_start]Zolpidem[blank_end] has been shown to increase total [blank_start]sleep[blank_end] time and [blank_start]reduce[blank_end] the number of mid-nocturnal awakenings.

Quetiapine (Seroquel) is used off-label for [blank_start]insomnia[blank_end] and is best for [blank_start]insomnia[blank_end] in patients with a co-occurring psychiatric illness. There are significant [blank_start]metabolic[blank_end] side effects and a risk for [blank_start]QTc prolongation[blank_end].