Questão 1
Questão
The specific CNS complication of Chickenpox is
Questão 2
Questão
Treatment of cerebral oedema includes
Responda
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Diuretics – spironolactone
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Diuretics – mannitol, furanthril
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Questão 3
Questão
Common presentations of AIDS are
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prolong morning low grade fever, weight loss, diarrhea
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hyperpyrexia with profuse sweating, dehydration with metabolic changes
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bulimia, hyperactivity, psychomotor agitation
Questão 4
Questão
Which meningitis is characterized by the following CSF findings – lymphocytic pleocytosis, normal or slightly elevated protein and normal glucose level?
Responda
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Viral
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Purulent
-
Tuberculous
Questão 5
Questão
The rash in Scarlet fever is
Responda
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maculo-papules, vesicular, different stages at the same time
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vesicular rash, which most commonly affects a thoracic dermatome
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pustular, at the same stage of development, deep-seated, firm, round, well-circumscribed
Questão 6
Questão
Typical for Diptheria are
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dense, dirty gray, hard deposits on the tonsils
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whitish deposits on the tonsils and buccal mucosa, easily removable
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the disease is widespread in Bulgaria
Questão 7
Questão
The most common clinical manifestation of Salmonellosis is
Responda
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sepsis
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cholecystitis
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gastroenteritis
Questão 8
Questão
Which is the antibiotic of choice of for Mediterranean spotted fever
Responda
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Gentamycin
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Doxycycline
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Ceftriaxone
Questão 9
Questão
Poliomyelitis is characterised by
Responda
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flaccid asymmetric, proximal paralysis
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flaccid symmetric, proximal paralysis
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full recovery of the affected limb
Questão 10
Questão
Typical for clinical presentation of Cholera is
Questão 11
Questão
The agent of which disease has teratogenic effect?
Responda
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Rubella
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Scarlet fever
-
Measles
Questão 12
Questão
The main factor for chronicity in HBV infection is
Responda
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age
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innate immunity
-
gender
Questão 13
Questão
The diarrheal syndrome in shigellosis is characterised with
Responda
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large amount of watery stools + abdominal pain
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sparse, bloody mucoid stools + tenesmi
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voluminous liquid, ” rice water” type stools
Questão 14
Questão
Hepatitis with the most severe course with possibility of acute liver failure is
Questão 15
Questão
Which infection is vaccine preventable
Responda
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Salmonella
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Measles
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Scarlet fever
Questão 16
Questão
Hypopotassemia may be suspected in a patient with
Questão 17
Questão
Empirical therapy for bacterial meningitis includes
Responda
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3rd generation Cephalosporins + Vancomycin
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Penicillin + Metronidazole
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3rd generation Cephalosporins + Clindamycin
Questão 18
Questão
Measles rash appears
Responda
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24 h after onset of the disease
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the disease begins with it
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on 3-5-the day of disease onset
Questão 19
Questão
The stools in cholera resemble
Questão 20
Questão
The most common causative agents of purulent meningitis are
Responda
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S.pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, H. influenzae
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S.pneumoniae, Staph.aureus, Myc. tuberculosis
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N meningitidis, L. monocytogenes, St. epidermidis
Questão 21
Questão
The rash of Chicken pox is
Responda
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maculo-papules, vesicular, different stages at the same time
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vesicular rash, which most commonly affects a thoracic dermatome
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pustular, at the same stage of development, deep-seated, firm, round, well-circumscribed
Questão 22
Questão
Who is NOT at risk for severe Chickenpox
Questão 23
Questão
The earliest laboratory test for confirmation of acute hepatitis C is
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Anti-HCV by ELISA
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HCV RNA by PCR
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HCV Ag by ELISA
Questão 24
Questão
Pregnant in the 1st trimester has discrete macular rash and negative serological test (ELISA) for Rubella. What is the next step?
Questão 25
Questão
Shigellosis is likely to present with seizures in
Questão 26
Questão
Which test is best to confirm EBV as causative agent of infectious mononucleosis
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detection of heterophile antibodies
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detection of specific antibodies to EBV
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detection of nucleic acid of EBV in the blood
Questão 27
Questão
Raspberry tongue is typical for
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Scarlet fever
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Measles
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Chickenpox
Questão 28
Questão
The most common neoplasm in HIV infection is
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Kaposki‘s sarcoma
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Pulmonary carcinoma
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Melanoma
Questão 29
Questão
The aminotransferases (ALT and AST) in acute viral hepatitis are
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Normal
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100 E/L
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> 1000 E/l
Questão 30
Questão
Etiological treatment of choice in cholera is
Questão 31
Questão
Antibiotic of choice for the treatment of Scarlet fever is
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tetracycline
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penicillin / beta-lactam
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gentamicin
Questão 32
Questão
Meningeal irritation includes
Questão 33
Questão
Route of transmission in Lyme disease is
Questão 34
Questão
The most common causative agent of pneumonia in AIDS patients is
Questão 35
Questão
Typical clinical manifestation of tetanus is
Questão 36
Questão
Antibiotic of choice for treatment of Erythema migrans is
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Cefrtiaxone
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Doxycycline
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Gentamycine
Questão 37
Responda
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appears after 24 h after the disease onset
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the disease starts with it
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appears on 3-5th day of disease onset
Questão 38
Questão
At risk of acute viral hepatitis C are
Questão 39
Questão
The rash of meningococcemia is
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hemorrhagic necrotic, localized predominantly on the lower limbs and buttocks
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vesicular, diffuse
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vesicular, highly pruritic
Questão 40
Questão
Initial treatment of infectious diarrhea includes
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rehydration
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antibiotic
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correction of ↓K
Questão 41
Questão
On suspicion of acute viral hepatitis the minimum laboratory TESTS are
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alkaline phosphate, gamma glutamyl transferase
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urine (bile pigments), serum (ALT and AST, bilirubin)
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complete blood count, electrolytes, acid-base metabolism
Questão 42
Questão
The evolution of Chickenpox rash is
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macula – papule - vesicle - crust
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macula- papule - brown pigmentation
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petechiae- ecchymosis- suffusion
Questão 43
Questão
The main factor for chronicity in HBV infection is
Responda
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age
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innate immunity
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gender
Questão 44
Questão
The mainstay of diphtheria treatment is
Responda
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antibiotics
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antitoxin serum
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corticosteroids
Questão 45
Questão
Which infection is vaccine-preventable
Responda
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Measles
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Scarlet fever
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Lyme borreliosis
Questão 46
Questão
Koplik spots are pathognomonic sign for
Responda
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Scarlet fever
-
Measles
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Rubella
Questão 47
Questão
Jaundice as a clinical manifestation of acute viral hepatitis C is seen
Questão 48
Questão
Laboratory minimum for suspected viral hepatitis is
Responda
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urine (bile pigments), serum (ALT and AST, bilirubin)
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CBC, electrolytes, acid-base balance
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abdominal ultrasound
Questão 49
Questão
Meningeal irritation, prolonged clouding consciousness and focal neurological findings are common in
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meningoencephalitis
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encephalitis
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meningitis
Questão 50
Questão
The incubation period in Shigellosis is
Responda
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2 weeks
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1-7 days
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4-6 hours
Questão 51
Questão
What type of toxin is released by Salmonella bacteria on cell lysis
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endotoxin
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neurotoxin
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enterotoxin
Questão 52
Questão
Which of the following agents causes hemolytic-uremic syndrome
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enterohemorrhagic E.coli
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enteroinvasive E.coli
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pathogenic E.coli
Questão 53
Questão
The agent of which disease has teratogenic effect?
Responda
-
Rubella
-
Scarlet fever
-
Measles
Questão 54
Questão
Which of the following statements regarding enteroviruses as causative agents of aseptic meningitis are NOT TRUE?
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Enteroviruses account for up to 80% of cases of viral meningitis.in children
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the clinical presentation in children is milder than in adults
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lymphocytes are predominant in the first 24 hours, later neutrophils prevail
Questão 55
Questão
Which type of immunity is impaired in HIV infection?
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humoral
-
cell mediated
-
innate
Questão 56
Questão
Viral hepatitis A is transmitted via
Responda
-
fecal-oral mechanism
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parenteral mechanism
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sexual mechanism
Questão 57
Questão
The most common causative agent of of Infectious mononucleosis is
Responda
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Epstein-Barr virus
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Cytomegalovirus
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HIV
Questão 58
Questão
The main route of transmission of hepatitis C virus is
Responda
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fecal-oral
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intravenous usage
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sexual
Questão 59
Questão
The rash in Scarlet fever is ???
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maculo-papules, vesicular, fast evolution of stages
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vesicular rash, which most commonly affects a thoracic dermatome
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pustular, at the same stage of development, deep-seated, firm, round, well-circumscribed
Questão 60
Questão
The mental status in tetanus is
Questão 61
Questão
Typical Measles rash is
Responda
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maculo-papular rash appearing on the first day of the disease
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maculo-papular rash, confluent, appears on the 4-5 the day
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discrete maculo-papular rash fades after 3 days
Questão 62
Questão
Which type of meningitis is characterized by the following CSF findings – lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein and decreased glucose level
Responda
-
viral
-
purulent
-
tuberculous
Questão 63
Questão
Which of the following conditions are NOT AIDS-defining illness?
Responda
-
Herpes zoster
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Kaposki’s sarcoma
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Esophageal candidiasis
Questão 64
Questão
Cholera initially presents with
Questão 65
Questão
Which of the following microorganisms is associated with diarrhoea after antibiotic therapy or severe operations
Responda
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Cl. difficile
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Salmonella
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E.coli
Questão 66
Questão
Diarrheal syndrome in shigellosis is characterised by
Responda
-
large amount of watery stools + abdominal pain
-
sparse, bloody mucoid stools + tenesmi
-
voluminous liquid, ” rice water” type stools
Questão 67
Questão
A pregnant woman in first trimester had contact with a sick child, suspected to have rubella. How could you manage her
Responda
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to clarify if the child has Rubella
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to recommend abortion on medical grounds
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to determine her immunity by serology
Questão 68
Questão
The most common presentation of Lyme borreliosis is
Responda
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erythema migrans
-
arthritis
-
neuritis
Questão 69
Questão
The most common initial complaints in acute viral hepatitis are
Responda
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fatigue, anorexia, nausea, loss of appetite
-
severe abdominal pain radiating to the shoulders and vomiting
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fever and diarrhoea
Questão 70
Questão
First choice antibiotic for treatment of pertussis is
Responda
-
ceftriaxone
-
macrolides
-
amikacin
Questão 71
Questão
Empirical treatment on suspicion of bacterial meningitis includes
Responda
-
3rd generation Cephalosporins + Vancomycin
-
Penicillin + Metronidazole
-
3rd generation Cephalosporins + Clindamycin
Questão 72
Questão
Thick pseudomembrans, spreading across the pharyngeal mucosa and bleeding while dislodging, are characteristic for
Responda
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mononucleosis
-
diphtheria
-
strepto pharyngitis
Questão 73
Questão
Pustula maligna is typical for
Questão 74
Questão
Anthrax infection results from
Questão 75
Questão
Acute hepatitis C becomes chronic in
Questão 76
Questão
The stages in the course of HIV/AIDS infection are
Responda
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early HIV infection, latency period, AIDS
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catarrhal period , rash period , convalescent period
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initial intoxication period, period of generalized lymphnodulomegaly, period of hepatosplenomegaly
Questão 77
Questão
Serological markers of acute viral hepatitis B are
Responda
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HBsAg (+) and anti HBc IgM (+)
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HBsAg (+) and anti HBc total (+)
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anti HBsAg (+) and anti HAV IgM (+)
Questão 78
Questão
Arthralgia in acute viral hepatitis presents with
Responda
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joint pain without swelling and redness
-
swelling, redness and forced position
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swelling without pain and redness
Questão 79
Questão
Tache noire (black spot) at the site of the tick bite represents
Responda
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painless ulcer covered with black (necrotic) crust
-
painless oval or round pink or red skin plaque> 5 cm
-
painful hot red plaque with raised edges
Questão 80
Questão
Which of the following findings IS NOT characteristic of infant meningitis?
Questão 81
Questão
The screening test for HIV infection is
Responda
-
anti HIV (ELISA)
-
viral RNA (PCR)
-
anti HIV (immunoblot)
Questão 82
Questão
The rash in Mediterranean spotted fever is
Responda
-
maculopapular
-
vesicular
-
erythematous
Questão 83
Questão
Which diseases in not vaccine preventable
Responda
-
Lyme borreliosis
-
Poliomyelitis
-
Measles
Questão 84
Questão
The most common electrolyte abnormalities in patients with diarrhea are
Responda
-
hyponatremia and hypokaliemia
-
hypercalcemia and hyperkaliemia
-
hypernatriemia and hyperchloremia
Questão 85
Questão
Acyclovir is recommended to which of following cases
Questão 86
Questão
Which of the following statements regarding leptospirosis IS NOT true”
Responda
-
Leptospirosis is a biphasic illness with multiorgan involvement
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Gentamycin is the antibiotic of choice
-
Infection is acquired during walking or bathing in rivers
Questão 87
Questão
At risk for development of Herpes Zoster are
Questão 88
Questão
Characteristic clinical manifestation of enteroviral infections is
Responda
-
Herpagina
-
Gingivostomatitis
-
Exudative pharyngitis
Questão 89
Questão
The rash in Scarlet fever is
Responda
-
small maculopapules predominantly in the axilar and inguinal regions
-
vesicular rash, which most commonly affects a thoracic dermatome
-
pustular, at the same stage of development, deep-seated, firm, round, well-circumscribe
Questão 90
Questão
Inflammatory diarrhea is commonly caused by
Responda
-
Shigella sp., Campylobacter jejuni, Cl. difficile
-
Viruses, enterotoxigenic E. coli
-
S. aureus, B. cereus, most Salmonella sp.
Questão 91
Questão
When is ART warranted
Questão 92
Questão
In the case of infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms, it is important to consider
Responda
-
primary HIV infection
-
neoplasms
-
syphilis