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AS biology Unit 1-Atherosclerosis and the heart

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The heart and circulation
briella-awele
Quiz por briella-awele, atualizado more than 1 year ago
briella-awele
Criado por briella-awele mais de 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
What is the main purpose of the heart and the circulatory system?
Responda
  • Primarily used for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air we breathe and blood
  • To move substances around the body
  • To collect carbon dioxide waste materials and fluids for return to the veins.

Questão 2

Questão
Diffusion is the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane in the direction that is, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 3

Questão
When it comes to movement of substances around the body, what is the problem for humans and mammals?
Responda
  • They are smaller and so cannot have enough space for movement to take place
  • They only have one cell that is used to function their entire being
  • They have problems functioning properly
  • They are too large for diffusion to move substances around their bodies quickly enough

Questão 4

Questão
Multicellular organisms deal with their difficulty in moving substances around the body because they usually have blood to carry vital substances around their bodies and a heart to pump it around
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 5

Questão
Difference between open and closed circulatory systems?
Responda
  • In closed systems: Simple heart pumps blood into the cavities but returns the blood back to the heart, and then to the body In open systems: The heart pumps blood around the body and substances diffuse between the organs and cells
  • In closed systems: blood is enclosed within tubes. the blood is forced along fairly narrow channels instead of flowing into large cavities In open systems: simple heart pumps blood out into cavities surrounding the animal’s organs. Substances can diffuse between the blood and cells. When the heart muscle relaxes, blood is drawn from the cavity back into the heart, through small valved openings along its length.
  • In closed systems: The blood flows in the body organs which uses enclosed tubes to send it back to the heart In open systems: The heart pumps the blood in cavaties and then blood is drawn from cavity back into the heart

Questão 6

Questão
Closed circulatory systems are much slower because they are larger and need less pressure to move substances
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 7

Questão
In a human the blood flows through the heart once for each complete circuit of the body.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 8

Questão
Why do mammals and birds have higher metabolic rates?
Responda
  • The oxygen and food substances required for metabolic processes can be delivered more rapidly to cells in mammals and birds
  • There are extremely large numbers of capillaries which ensure oxygen is exchanged quicker
  • Longer time for the blood to circulate around their body
  • Organs diffuse substances quicker to the body , then the heart accepts quicker and then pump blood around.

Questão 9

Questão
That is a diagram of a human circulatory system...
Image:
52fca12f-9e61-40cd-a612-19758afe1ef6 (image/jpg)
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 10

Questão
The transport medium in animals is usually blood
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 11

Questão
The blood leaves the heart under pressure and flows along venules to capillaries.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 12

Questão
What is the function of a valve?
Responda
  • To prevent the blood from flowing in the arteries
  • To prevent the entrance of waste in the blood
  • To ensure that blood flows only in one direction
  • To ensure that the heomoglobin in the blood has enough oxygen

Questão 13

Questão
What plays a vital role in regulation of body temperature, transferring energy around the body.
Responda
  • Water
  • Blood
  • Lymph
  • Saliva
  • Urine

Questão 14

Questão
The reason water has an unevenly distributed electrical charge is because it is heavily ionised
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 15

Questão
Many biochemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm of cells due to the solvent properties of water
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 16

Questão
Polar molecules are said to be...
Responda
  • Hydrophobic
  • Hydrophilic
  • None of the above

Questão 17

Questão
Why is it difficult for lipids to be transported by transport mediums in the body?
Responda
  • Lipids have no ionic properties
  • Lipids are hydrophobic
  • Lipids are very soluble
  • Lipids have strong covalent bonds

Questão 18

Questão
Lipids can be transported around the body by binding with amino acids to form lipoproteins which can then be transported by transport mediums
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 19

Questão
The specifi c heat capacity of water, the amount of energy in joules required to raise the temperature of 1 cm3 (1 g) of water by 10 ºC, is very high
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 20

Questão
 In the diagram, which labeled structures are atrioventricular valves?
Image:
49a80543-778f-411f-b6ab-285f2bf65b02 (image/jpg)
Responda
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E

Questão 21

Questão
What makes arteries and vessels strong and durable?
Responda
  • Thick walls
  • Muscle
  • Collagen
  • Fibres

Questão 22

Questão
During diastole, blood is forced into arteries and their elastic walls stretch to accommodate the blood.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 23

Questão
What occurs when you feel a pulse?
Responda
  • An artery has just passed over a bone close to the skin.
  • A valve has just closed
  • The vein that has passed over a bone close to the skin has just returned blood back to the heart
  • None of the above

Questão 24

Questão
By the time the blood reaches the smaller arteries and capillaries there is a steady flow of blood.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 25

Questão
The diagram shows a vein
Image:
c6e1b0c7-484c-4aef-b2f5-95702fc4fa56 (image/png)
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 26

Questão
The heart muscle is supplied with blood through two vessels called the
Responda
  • Circumflex artery
  • Marginal artery
  • Mitral artery
  • Cardiac vein
  • Coronary artery

Questão 27

Questão
One complete sequence of filling and pumping blood is called a
Responda
  • Pulmonary cycle
  • Heartbeat
  • Cardiac cycle
  • Pulse

Questão 28

Questão
The cardiac cycle can be simplified into four phases
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
Blood under low pressure flows into the left and right atria from the
Responda
  • Pulmonary veins and vena cava
  • Inferior vena cava and Pulmonary artery
  • Pulmonary vein and right ventricle
  • Just the vena cava

Questão 30

Questão
What phase of the cardiac cycle when the atrioventricular valves are forced open, when the atria fills up with blood
Responda
  • Ventricular systole
  • Ventricular diastole
  • Atrial systole
  • None of the above

Questão 31

Questão
What is the correct order of the phases in the cardiac cycle
Responda
  • Atrial systole, Diastole, Ventricular systole
  • Ventricular systole, Atrial systole, Ventricular Diastole, Atrial Diastole
  • Atrial systole, Atrial diastole, Ventricular systole, Ventricular diastole
  • Atrial systole, Ventricular systole, Diastole

Questão 32

Questão
Closing of the bicuspid valves and then the tricuspid valves creates the characteristic sounds of the heart.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 33

Questão
Thrombosis is the the disease process that leads to coronary heart disease and strokes
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 34

Questão
What are some of the causes of when the arteries have been narrowed?
Responda
  • Athletes foot and Heart attack
  • Gangrene and Tissue death
  • Swelling and skin redness
  • Chest pain and Scars

Questão 35

Questão
A deposit of cholesterol that builds up is called an atheroma
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 36

Questão
This picture shows a
Image:
5ee739a2-ef6f-45c8-802d-5fd9244adbc7 (image/jpg)
Responda
  • A diseased coronary artery
  • A healthy coronary artery
  • A platelet
  • A diseased pulmonary vein

Questão 37

Questão
Platelets are a type of blood cell with a nuclues
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 38

Questão
What happens to platelets when they reach a damaged cell?
Responda
  • They differentiate to form more platelets
  • The shrink and stick to each other to form a better a shape
  • They change shape
  • Release substances that activate to make more platelets
  • They grow longer in order to be able to reach and stick to the damaged cell

Questão 39

Questão
Platets change their cell surfaces causing them to stick to the exposed collagen in the wall
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 40

Questão
What causes a complex series of chemical changes in the blood?
Responda
  • The direct contact of blood with collagen
  • Exercise
  • Eating
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Questão 41

Questão
Prothrombin is insoluble
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 42

Questão
The first stage of clotting is that thrombrin is converted to prothrombin
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 43

Questão
Fibronogen is an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of another soluble plasma protein
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 44

Questão
The reason fibrin can form a tangled mesh with its strands is because of its insolubility
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 45

Questão
Arteries get atherosclerosis because of the fast flowing blood under preassure causing damage to the walls
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 46

Questão
Veins and Arteries get atherosclerosis
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 47

Questão
Thromboplastin is released from fibronogen in order to make it easier to convert to fibrin
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 48

Questão
In the False-colour scanning electron micrograph, the green coloured substance is the...
Image:
0e8cca03-1056-4f84-b054-f0c20a88625a (image/png)
Responda
  • Fibrins
  • Platelets
  • Cells
  • Fibronogen

Questão 49

Questão
In the False-colour scanning electron micrograph, the yellow coloured substance is the...
Image:
fb8d5b18-142a-4ad8-965a-258a7d543e13 (image/png)
Responda
  • Fibrins
  • Platelets
  • Fiibronogens
  • Cells

Questão 50

Questão
Angina is chest burn caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 51

Questão
Why do we feel pain when we have coronary heart disease?
Responda
  • Chemical changes when the muscle respires anaerobically
  • The burning of the heart muscle after damage to the cells due to high blood pressure in the arteries
  • Lack of blood supply to the brain
  • Dead cells occupying areas of heart tissue

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