Questão 1
Questão
Which of the following is not safe during pregnancy?
Questão 2
Questão
Which of the following metabolic changes is not seen with use of loop diuretics?
Responda
-
Decrease in Ca
-
Decrease in K
-
Increase in Mg
-
Increase in Glucose
Questão 3
Questão
Which of the following is not a side effect of thiazides?
Responda
-
Hyponatremia
-
Metabolic alkalosis
-
Hypouricemia
-
Sexual dysfunction
Questão 4
Questão
Which of the following G IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists has a long half life and is irreversible?
Responda
-
ASA
-
Tirofiban
-
Abciximab
-
Eptifibatide
Questão 5
Questão
Which of the following is not a side effect of osmostic diuretics?
Questão 6
Questão
Which of the following is a characteristic of LMWH?
Responda
-
Low bioavailability
-
Monitored with PTT
-
Inexpensive
-
Renally excreted
Questão 7
Questão
Which of the following is not a side effect of Aliskiren?
Responda
-
Decrease in uric acid
-
Diarrhea
-
Abdominal pain
-
Angioedema
Questão 8
Questão
Which of the following is not correct regarding eplerenone?
Responda
-
It is more expensive than spironolactone
-
Less endocrine-related side effects than spironolactone
-
Lower chance of hyperkalemia
-
Higher affinity for aldosterone receptors
Questão 9
Questão
Which of the following is not a side effect of ACEI?
Responda
-
Cough
-
Hypotension
-
Gynecomastia
-
Hyperkalemia
Questão 10
Questão
Acetazolamide causes metabolic alkalosis because you excrete bicarbonate, and therefore it is best to administer this diuretic to metabolic acidic patients.
Questão 11
Questão
Which of the following are better to avoid with use of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Responda
-
ACEI
-
Lithium
-
Eplerenone
-
Amiloride
Questão 12
Questão
Choose which of the following you would administer to a CKD patient
Questão 13
Questão
Which of the following diuretics act on the distal convoluted tubule to block sodium reabsorption?
Responda
-
Aldosterone antagonists
-
Thiazides
-
Loop diuretics
-
CAIs
Questão 14
Questão
You always have drug interactions with NSAIDS with use of diurectics because they inhibit prostaglandins which antagonizes the action of diurectics
Questão 15
Questão
Which diuretic would you not want to use in a patient who has gout?
Questão 16
Questão
How does Conivaptan promote free water diuresis?
Responda
-
By stimulating cGMP resulting in vascular smooth muscle relaxation
-
By being excreted unchanged and causing water to be retained within the proximal tubule and descending loop of Henle due to the freely permeable water
-
By blocking the epithelial sodium channels on principal cells and cause sodium excretion
-
By antagonizing vasopressing
Questão 17
Questão
Lisinopril antagonizes the AT1 receptor
Questão 18
Questão
Which of the following metabolic changes would you see with the use of a thiazide?
Responda
-
Increase Mg
-
Increase Ca
-
Decrease glucose
-
Increase in potassium
Questão 19
Questão
Hydrochlorthiazide is used more than chlorthalidone because it is more potent and research has shown that it produces a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure.
Questão 20
Questão
In which of the following conditions would not benefit from the use of vasopressin receptor antagonists?
Responda
-
Urinary frequency
-
CHF
-
cirrhosis
-
SIADH
Questão 21
Questão
Which of the following is a side effect Bosentan?
Responda
-
Epistaxis
-
Visual disturbances
-
Liver cirrhosis
-
Dyspepsia
Questão 22
Questão
Which of the following would require careful dosing in a renal failure patient?
Responda
-
Fondaparinux
-
Abciximab
-
Warfarin
-
Argatraban
Questão 23
Questão
Which of the following drug combinations would not be beneficial?
Questão 24
Questão
Liver toxicity is a side effect of tolvaptan?
Questão 25
Questão
Which of the following have short half-lives
Responda
-
UFH
-
Warfarin
-
ASA
-
Fondaparinux
-
Vorapaxar
-
Abciximab
-
Eptifibatide
-
Tirofiban
Questão 26
Questão
Why do we need to overlap warfarin and heparin or LMWH in a patient with a new VTE?
Responda
-
Because you want to deactivate antithrombin
-
It takes about 5 days to replace activated clotting factors with dysfunctional clotting factors
-
It takes about 5 days to replace Protein C and Protein S
-
You should never overlap warfarin with LMWH or UFH
Questão 27
Questão
Which of the following antiplatelets can cause dyspnea?
Responda
-
Prasugrel
-
Ticagrelor
-
Clopidogrel
-
Ticlopidine
Questão 28
Questão
Which of the following prostanoids can cause epistaxis?
Responda
-
Epoprosternol
-
Iloprost
-
Treprostinil (Remodulin)
-
Treprostinil (Tyvaso)
Questão 29
Questão
Which of the following is safe during lactation?
Responda
-
Dabigatran
-
Direct X inhibitors
-
Warfarin
-
Indirect X inhibitors
Questão 30
Questão
Which of the following antiplatelets can be used when a patient has had a cardiac event while taking clopidogrel?
Responda
-
Ticlopidine
-
Ticagrelor
-
Prasugrel
-
UFH
Questão 31
Questão
Which of the following antiplatelets is used with aspirin in post-ACS patients?
Responda
-
Ticagrelor
-
Ticlopidine
-
Prasugrel
-
Clopidogrel
Questão 32
Questão
Liver toxicity is a side effect of conivaptan
Questão 33
Questão
Which of the following antiplatelets is hardly used in clinical practice and can cause neutropenia?
Responda
-
Ticagrelor
-
Clopidogrel
-
Prasugrel
-
Ticlopidine
Questão 34
Questão
Which of the following antiplatelets is contraindicated for patients with a history of stroke/TIA?
Responda
-
Prasugrel
-
Ticagrelor
-
Clopidogrel
-
Ticlopidine
Questão 35
Questão
Ranolazine can be used ONLY in acute angina attacks
Questão 36
Questão
It is important to hold indirect factor X inhibitors for at least 48 hours
Questão 37
Questão
Why is it important to place a patient who develops HIT on another anticoagulant?
Responda
-
To decrease the platelet count.
-
To prevent a prothrombotic condition
-
To prevent bleeding.
-
To induce a prothrombotic condition
Questão 38
Questão
Which of the following is not part of the treatment for HIT?
Responda
-
Stop heparin products
-
Stop warfarin until platelet count is above 150,000
-
Use alternative anticoagulants
-
Give a high dose of warfarin when restarting
Questão 39
Questão
Which of the following drugs can cause serious cardiovascular and thromboemolic events if dose and hemoglobin range is not taken into account?
Responda
-
Calcitriol
-
ERAs
-
ESAs
-
Dopamine
Questão 40
Questão
Which of the following is not a characteristic of argatraban?
Questão 41
Questão
Which of the following is absolutely not safe during pregnancy?
Responda
-
Warfarin
-
Heparin/LMWH
-
Fondaparinux
-
IV DTIs
Questão 42
Questão
Which of the following is correct regarding warfarin?
Responda
-
It causes less GI bleeding than dabigatran
-
It causes more GI bleed than Rivaroxaban
-
It causes less GI bleeds than Apixaban
-
It causes less ICH in Direct Factor X inhibitors and Dabigatran
Questão 43
Questão
How long should one hold warfarin before major surgery
Responda
-
24 hours
-
48 hours
-
6 hours
-
5 days
Questão 44
Questão
Which of the following has no reversal agent or is irreversible?
Responda
-
LMHW
-
UFH
-
Warfarin
-
Rivaroxaban
Questão 45
Questão
Which of the following is not a side effect of Acetazolamide?
Responda
-
Metabolic acidosis
-
Kidney stones
-
Paresthesia
-
Hypernatremia
Questão 46
Questão
Which of the following is NOT a cause for concern of sodium nitroprusside-induce cyanide toxicity?
Questão 47
Questão
Which of the following is true about SELECTIVE beta blockers? Choose all that apply:
Responda
-
Safe to use in COPD patients
-
Has a slightly better metabolic effect
-
Loses selectivity at lower doses
-
Has little effect in patients with reversible airway disease
Questão 48
Questão
Which of the following is a correct rationale as to why we would use a beta blocker to treat MI/angina peri-operatively? Choose all that apply:
Responda
-
To decrease production of aqueous humor
-
To decrease HR
-
To decrease contractility
-
To decrease portal hypertension
-
To inhibit vasodilatation or arteriolar spasms over the cortex
-
To decrease oxygen demand
Questão 49
Questão
Which of the following is not a characteristic of fondaparinux?
Responda
-
It directly affects factor X
-
It is renally excreted
-
It has a long half-life, so not good for bridging with warfarin
-
There is still risk of HIT
Questão 50
Questão
The benefit to using calcitriol over vitamin D analogs is that it can decrease the chance of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphetemia.
Questão 51
Questão
Which of the following are nonselective beta blockers? Choose all that apply:
Responda
-
Atenolol
-
Carvedilol
-
Propranolol
-
Metoprolol
-
Nadolol
-
Timolol
-
Labetalol
-
Satelol
Questão 52
Questão
Which of the following diuretics is the most potent?
Questão 53
Questão
Which of the following is correct regarding warfarin reversal agents?
Responda
-
PCC are more efficient than FFP
-
PCC is usually given in a large volume
-
FFP and PCC are given with Vitamin K
-
FFP has larger risk of thrombosis
Questão 54
Questão
Which of the following is a side effect of hydralazine ONLY?
Questão 55
Questão
Which of the following would you never want to give with nitrates due to their drug interaction?
Responda
-
Prostanoids
-
ERAs
-
Hydralazine
-
PDE-5 drugs
Questão 56
Questão
Which of the following prostanoids can cause sepsis?
Responda
-
Epoprostenol
-
Treprostinil (Remodulin)
-
Iloprost
-
Trerostinil (Tyvaso)
Questão 57
Questão
Which of the following prostanoids can cause severe hypotension?
Responda
-
Epoprostenol
-
Treprostinil (Remodulin)
-
Treprostinil (Tyvaso)
-
Ilioprost
Questão 58
Questão
Treprostinil (Tyvaso) is an inhaled prostenoid
Questão 59
Questão
Which of the following are NOT safe to use during pregnancy? Choose all that apply:
Responda
-
PDE-5 drugs
-
Sodium nitroprusside
-
ERAs
-
Prostenoids
-
Riociguat
Questão 60
Questão
Which of the following antiplatelets works by inhibiting ADP receptor?
Responda
-
GP IIb/IIIA inhibitors
-
Vorapaxar
-
P2Y12 inhibitors
-
ASA
Questão 61
Questão
Why are endothelin receptor antagonists used as a cardiac drug?
Responda
-
It's ability to block ETB receptor
-
Because of its vasoconstricting effects
-
Because of its ability to release NO to cause vasodilation
-
It's ability to block ETA receptor
Questão 62
Questão
Which of the following causes an increase in INR?
Questão 63
Questão
Nitrate tolerance can be fixed by having a nitrate-free period lasting from 4-8 hours
Questão 64
Questão
How do calcium-channel blockers cause decrease in contractility, SA node rate, and AV node conduction velocity?
Responda
-
By blocking sodium influx, causing calcium overload through the sodium/calcium exchanger
-
Blocking calcium channels, blocking calcium influx, causing dilation in arterial smooth muscle leading to decrease in afterload
-
Blocking calcium channels, blocking calcium influx, causing dilation in venous smooth muscle leading to decrease in afterload
-
Blocking calcium channels, blocking calcium influx, causing dilation in venous smooth muscle leading to decrease in preload
Questão 65
Questão
When using dihydropyridines, one must be careful when using it with digoxin and beta blockers, as this may cause additive negative effects on cardiac conduction
Questão 66
Questão
Which of the following is correct regarding nitrates and their mechanism of action?
Responda
-
They cause arterial dilation
-
They are denitrated to NO, increasing cGMP and causing increase in dilation
-
They are denitrated to NO, decreasing cGMP and causing increase in dilation
-
Releases NO from the drug itself, causing vasodilation
Questão 67
Questão
Which of the following is a reason for loss of response to ESA therapy?
Responda
-
Hypertension
-
Benign process
-
Iron deficiency
-
Pure white cell aplasia
Questão 68
Questão
Which of the following adrenergic agonists can cause a decrease in renal blood flow as an adverse effect?
Responda
-
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
-
Dobutamine and Epinephrine
-
Norepinephrine and Dopamine
-
Phenylephrine and Dobutamine
Questão 69
Questão
Which of the following adrenergic agonists can cause reflex bradycardia?
Responda
-
Dobutamine
-
Epinephrine
-
Phenylephrine
-
Dopamine
Questão 70
Questão
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of alpha-1 adrenergic blockers?
Responda
-
Floppy Iris Syndrome
-
Prolonged QT interval
-
Bradycardia
-
Orthostatic hypertension
Questão 71
Questão
ARBs are not used as first line therapy despite the less occurrence of side effects.
Questão 72
Questão
Which of the following is not a side effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Responda
-
GI symptoms
-
Ototoxicity
-
Metabolic acidosis
-
Hyperkalemia
Questão 73
Questão
Which of the following IV iron products can alter magnetic resonance imaging studies?
Responda
-
Iron dextran
-
Ferric gluconate
-
Ferumoxytol
-
Ferric carboxymaltose
Questão 74
Questão
Which of the following IV iron products can cause an anaphylactic reaction?
Responda
-
Iron dextran
-
Ferric gluconate
-
Ferumoxytol
-
Ferric carboxymaltose
Questão 75
Questão
Iron sucrose is given in divided doses, about 10 dialysis sessions
Questão 76
Questão
Which of the following is not a side effect of loop diuretics?
Responda
-
Hypomagnesemia
-
Hypocalcemia
-
Hypernatremia
-
Ototoxicity
Questão 77
Questão
Which of following phosphate binders can cause metabolic acidosis?
Responda
-
Calcium carbonate
-
Calcium acetate
-
Renagel
-
Renvela
Questão 78
Questão
Aliskiren inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
Questão 79
Questão
Ranolazine inhibits myocardial cell sodium/calcium exchanger, preventing ischemia-induced contractile dysfunction and delaying the onset of angina
Questão 80
Questão
Which of the following a Class I drug?
Responda
-
Propafenone
-
Propranolol
-
Amiodarone
-
Diltiazem
Questão 81
Questão 82
Questão 83
Questão
Which is the best drug for use in patients with CHF or structural heart disease?
Responda
-
Flecainide
-
Propafenone
-
Amiodarone
-
Verapamil
-
Dofetilide
Questão 84
Questão
Choose all that would be used for cardioversion of atrial fibrillation.
Responda
-
Dofetilide
-
Ibutilide
-
Verapamil
-
Procainamide
-
Lidocaine
-
Digoxin
Questão 85
Questão
Which of the following is a side effects of Amiodarone?
Questão 86
Questão
Which of the following has beta-blocking activity?
Responda
-
Propafenone
-
Flecainide
-
Ibutilide
-
Procainamide
Questão 87
Questão
Which of the following does NOT rely on renal function for elimination
Responda
-
Sotalol
-
Dofetilide
-
Digoxin
-
Amiodarone
Questão 88
Questão
How does adenosine function in stress testing?
Responda
-
Causes vasodilation in healthy arteries, revealing the diseased coronary arteries
-
Causes vasoconstriction in healthy arteries, revealing the diseased coronary arteries
-
Causes vasodilation in diseased arteries, revealing the healthy coronary arteries
-
Causes vasoconstriction in diseased arteries, revealing healthy coronary arteries
Questão 89
Questão
Which of the following is correct regarding digoxin?
Responda
-
Inhibits potassium channels, decreasing intracellular potassium
-
Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, increasing sodium concentration thereby increasing calcium concentration
-
Causes negative inotropic effects
-
Causes positive dromotropic/chronotropic effects
Questão 90
Questão
Choose which of the following is true for Amiodarone
Responda
-
Shorter half life than dronedarone
-
Slightly more effective than dronedarone in Afib patients
-
High risk of side effects
-
More GI side effects
-
I2 in structure and effects thyroid
-
Does not have negative inotropic effects
-
Cannot be used for CHF
Questão 91
Questão
How do calcium channel blockers work as antiarrhythmics?
Responda
-
They dilate arterial smooth muscle
-
Mostly effects the sodium channels in atrial and ventricular tissues and Purkinjie fibers
-
Acts on the SA and AV node
-
Blocks sodium channels
Questão 92
Questão
Which of the following is correct regarding the use of beta blockers perioperatively?
Responda
-
Should be continued in patients who are already on a beta blocker
-
Use of them perioperatively in any situation is standard of practice
-
Perioperative beta blockage started within one day or less before noncardiac surgery decreases risk of stroke, death, hypotension, and bradycardia
-
It is not a clinical contreversy
Questão 93
Questão
Which of the following drugs should you be cautious due to chance of developing QT prolongation?
Responda
-
Dronedarone
-
Beta-blockers
-
Felcainide
-
Digoxin
Questão 94
Questão
Which of the following drug classes could cause Torsades de Pointes?
Responda
-
Beta blockers
-
Class IA drugs
-
Class IB drugs
-
Calcium channel blockers
Questão 95
Questão
Which of the following drugs can be used for ventricular arrhythmias?
Responda
-
Propafenone
-
Digoxin
-
Dofetilide
-
Ibutilide
Questão 96
Questão
Which of the following CANNOT be used for cardioversion?
Responda
-
Dofetilide
-
Ibutilide
-
Propafenone
-
Verapamil