Introductory Nutrition - Unit 4 - Chapter 7 & Chapter 8 (Metabolism)

Question

All the chemical and physical processes by which the body breaks down and builds up molecules is ________.

Answer 1

catabolism

Answer 2

metabolism

Answer 3

photosynthesis

Answer 4

densitometer

Answer 5

calorimeter

Answer 6

catabolism

Answer 7

metabolism

Answer 8

photosynthesis

Answer 9

catabolism

Answer 10

metabolism

Answer 11

photosynthesis

Answer 12

acetyl CoA

Answer 13

condensation

Answer 14

hydrolysis

Answer 15

metabolism

Answer 16

that breaks down fats

Answer 17

that generates energy

Answer 18

that occurs in the nucleus

Answer 19

for synthesizing amino acids to form proteins

Answer 20

amino acids; hormones

Answer 21

pyruvate; glucose

Answer 22

glucose; pyruvic acid

Answer 23

glucose; glycogen

Answer 24

Carbohydrates

Answer 25

energy; fatty acids

Answer 26

glucose; acetyl CoA

Answer 27

oxygen; lactic acid

Answer 28

glycogen; glucose

Answer 29

the red blood cells

Answer 30

the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA)

Answer 31

the electron transport chain

Answer 32

glycolysis

Answer 33

adipose tissue

Answer 34

mitochondria

Answer 35

acetyl CoA

Answer 36

oxaloacetate

Answer 37

fatty acid

Answer 38

occurs in the cytosol

Answer 39

requires CO2

Answer 40

is irreversible

Answer 41

is an anaerobic reaction

Answer 42

fatty acids

Answer 43

lactic acid

Answer 44

mitochondria

Answer 45

mitochondria

Answer 46

Acetyl CoA

Answer 47

oxaloacetate

Answer 48

mitochondria

Answer 49

a carbon skeleton

Answer 50

acetyl CoA

Answer 51

acetyl CoA

Answer 52

triglycerides

Answer 53

fatty acids

Answer 54

amino acids

Answer 55

alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 56

aldehyde dehydrogenase

Answer 57

trace minerals

Answer 58

major minerals

Answer 59

all vitamins and minerals

Answer 60

are not stored in the body

Answer 61

can become toxic with overconsumption

Answer 62

are not found in foods

Answer 63

are macronutrients

Answer 64

fat-soluble vitamin

Answer 65

major mineral

Answer 66

trace mineral

Answer 67

major vitamin

Answer 68

through the stomach lining

Answer 69

into the blood

Answer 70

poorly, so they must be consumed daily

Answer 71

into the lymph

Answer 72

We absorb 100% of heme iron.

Answer 73

We absorb about 3-5% of heme iron.

Answer 74

We absorb about 25% of heme iron.

Answer 75

Non-heme iron is the only type that is absorbed.

Answer 76

Lactose increases the absorption of calcium.

Answer 77

Vitamin C increases the absorption of non-heme iron.

Answer 78

Dietary fat increases the absorption of vitamin A.

Answer 79

Oxalic acid increases the absorption of iron.

Answer 80

osteoporosis

Answer 81

heart disease

Answer 82

the measles

Answer 83

Calcium may protect against hypertension.

Answer 84

Magnesium may protect against sarcopenia.

Answer 85

Vitamin E may protect against obesity.

Answer 86

Vitamin D may protect against colon cancer.

Answer 87

Taking supplements is the best way to assure adequate vitamin and mineral intakes.

Answer 88

Whole foods are more healthful than their individual nutrients.

Answer 89

All adults need the same amount of micronutrients.

Answer 90

Each micronutrient has only one role in the body.

Answer 91

nucleic acid

Answer 92

cell membrane

Answer 93

provide energy

Answer 94

regulate blood glucose

Answer 95

act as coenzymes

Answer 96

reduce cholesterol

Answer 97

cleared by the kidney

Answer 98

toxic to the body

Answer 99

stored in the adipose tissue

Answer 100

excreted in the feces

Answer 101

synthesize body tissues and lean body mass

Answer 102

promote proper nutrient digestion and absorption

Answer 103

release energy from carbohydrate, fat, and protein

Answer 104

control fluid equilibrium and mineral balance

Answer 105

pyridoxine

Answer 106

adolescents

Answer 107

the elderly

Answer 108

pregnant women

Answer 109

negligible

Answer 110

that results from severe niacin deficiency

Answer 111

caused by thiamin deficiency

Answer 112

caused by riboflavin deficiency

Answer 113

characterized by low levels of thyroid hormone

Answer 114

Riboflavin

Answer 115

riboflavin

Answer 116

cholesterol

Answer 117

homocysteine

Answer 118

pantothenic acid

Answer 119

pantothenic acid

Answer 120

homocysteine

Answer 121

pyridoxine

Answer 122

acetylcholine

Answer 123

pantothenic acid

Answer 124

pyridoxine

Answer 125

pantothenic acid

Answer 126

pyridoxine

Answer 127

white flour

Answer 128

vegetables

Answer 129

riboflavin

Answer 130

riboflavin

Answer 131

It is required for carbohydrate metabolism.

Answer 132

Whole grains are a good source of this nutrient.

Answer 133

It is part of an antioxidant enzyme system.

Answer 134

It is essential for the functioning of the nervous system.

Answer 135

can be regenerated by adding two phosphate groups to ATP

Answer 136

is produced when one phosphate group is released from ATP

Answer 137

has one high-energy phosphate bond

Answer 138

is composed of one molecule of adenosine bonded to one phosphate group

Answer 139

hydrolysis

Answer 140

dehydration synthesis

Answer 141

phosphorylation

Answer 142

acetyl CoA

Answer 143

oxaloacetate

Answer 144

people follow a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet

Answer 145

acetyl CoA is converted to glucose

Answer 146

oxaloacetate availability falls and TCA cycle activity decreases

Answer 147

All of the above can prompt the production of excessive ketones.

Answer 148

they cannot be converted to glucose (gluconeogenesis)

Answer 149

they contain nitrogen, which must be removed before the remaining compound can be used for energy

Answer 150

they contain ammonia, which the kidneys convert to urea and excrete from the body in urine

Answer 151

even when consumed to excess, they will not increase the synthesis of fatty acids

Answer 152

triglycerides account for about 50%, and glycogen and protein each about 25%

Answer 153

about 85% is from triglycerides, and most of the remaining 15% is from protein

Answer 154

triglycerides, glycogen, and protein each account for about 33%

Answer 155

about 75% is from triglycerides, and most of the remaining 25% is from glycogen

Answer 156

occurs when individuals consume an excess of glucogenic amino acids

Answer 157

occurs when acetyl CoA is converted into glycerol, which is in turn attached to fatty acid chains

Answer 158

occurs in liver cells

Answer 159

occurs in adipose cells

Answer 160

anabolic hormones

Answer 161

catabolic hormones

Answer 162

muscle and liver glycogen for glucose for red blood cells, brain cells, and other body cells

Answer 163

glucogenic amino acids to synthesize glucose

Answer 164

glycerol from adipose tissue to synthesize ketone bodies

Answer 165

amino acids from the breakdown of body proteins for gluconeogenesis

	Criado por Mara Roth quase 4 anos atrás

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Introductory Nutrition - Unit 4 - Chapter 7 & Chapter 8 (Metabolism)

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