2937843
Questão 1
Questão
A physical cycle is the reversible changes in non-living aspects
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 2
Questão
A biogeochemical cycle refers to geology
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 3
Questão
Identify examples of physical cycles in Earth Systems (2 answers)
Responda
-
Reproduction
-
Rock cycle (atoms being rearranged in rocks)
-
Supercontinental cycle (plate tectonic movement)
Questão 4
Questão
Identify examples of biogeochemical cycles (2 answers)
Responda
-
Carbon cycle (regulating climate)
-
Hydrological cycle (water cycle)
-
Rock cycle (rearrangement of atoms)
Questão 5
Questão
What are the four principal Earth Systems? (4 answers)
Responda
-
Atmosphere, Biosphere, Geosphere, Hydrosphere
-
Biosphere, Geologicalsphere, Chemsphere, Hydrosphere
-
Photosphere, Transphere, Atmosphere, Geosphere
Questão 6
Questão
What are examples of short-time scales? (2 answers)
Responda
-
Global warming
-
Deforestation
-
Climate change
Questão 7
Questão
What are examples of long-time scales? (2 answers)
Responda
-
Population growth
-
Climate change
-
Mass extinction
Questão 8
Questão
How can changes vary? (3 answers)
Responda
-
Type of change
-
Frequency (how often it occurs)
-
Underlying cause
-
Level of importance/devastation
Questão 9
Questão
A mineral is a rock
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 10
Questão
Most rocks are composed of more than one type of mineral
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 11
Questão
What defines a mineral? (6 answers)
Responda
-
Naturally occuring
-
Solid
-
Crystalline (an ordered crystalline structure based on atomic patterns also known as 'crystal lattice')
-
Orderly arrangement of atoms
-
Usually inorganic
-
Only found in volcanoes
-
Contain carbon-hydrogen bonds
Questão 12
Questão
How is a mineral tested for identification? (9 answers)
Responda
-
Colour
-
Streak
-
Lustre
-
Hardness
-
Specific gravity (density)
-
Crystal habit/form
-
Cleavage/fracture
-
Magnetism
-
Taste/touch
-
State of matter (liquid, gas, solid)
Questão 13
Questão
Colour is a reliable source of identification
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 14
Questão
Mafic rocks contain dark-coloured minerals.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 15
Questão
Felsic rocks contain light-coloured minerals.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 16
Questão
The Mohs Hardness Scale is used for rocks only.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 17
Questão
Identify the ideal shape (morphology) of crystal habit in minerals. (8 answers)
Responda
-
Cube
-
Octahedra
-
Blade
-
Hexagonal Prism
-
Dodecahedra
-
Compound Form
-
Rhombahedra
-
Tetragonal Prism
-
Irregular
Questão 18
Questão
What are the types of cleavage? (4 answers)
Responda
-
Planar (basal) - 1 direction
-
Prismatic - 2 directions at 90 degrees
-
Cubic - 3 directions all at 90 degrees
-
Orthorhombic - 3 directions not at 90 degrees
-
Isosceles - 2 directions at 60 degrees
Questão 19
Questão
The Earth's crust is composed of silicate minerals (a type of salt made up of silicon and oxygen)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 20
Questão
Plate tectonics do not predict earth's behaviour.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 21
Questão
Seismology is the study of earthquakes.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 22
Questão
What do earthquakes do?
Responda
-
Generate energy waves
-
Directly kill people
-
Open up and swallow people
Questão 23
Questão
There are three main layers of earth (crust, mantle, core)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 24
Questão
The further you explore earth, the thinner the layering and the lower the density (pressure).
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 25
Questão
What are the elements in the crust? (8 answers)
Responda
-
Si (Silicon)
-
O (Oxygen)
-
Al (Aluminium)
-
Fe (Iron)
-
Ca (Calcium)
-
Na (Sodium)
-
K (Potassium)
-
Mg (Magnesium)
-
Cu (Copper)
Questão 26
Questão
Continental crust is thicker than oceanic crust
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 27
Questão
Continental crust is more dense than oceanic crust
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 28
Questão
Continental crust is mafic and oceanic crust is felsic
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 29
Questão
The 'Moho' is the crust-mantle boundary
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 30
Questão
The mantle is made up of solid rock (ultramafic peridotite)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 31
Questão
The mantle flows like a river of lava.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 32
Questão
What minerals does the core comprise of? (4 answers)
Responda
-
Fe (Iron)
-
Ni (Nickel)
-
Pt (Platinum)
-
Au (Gold)
-
Ag (Silver)
Questão 33
Questão
The innermost part of the core is liquid.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 34
Questão
The flow in the outer core generates the earth's magnetic field.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 35
Questão
The Asthenosphere flows like softened wax (caramel).
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 36
Questão
The Lithosphere is below the Asthenosphere.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 37
Questão
What are the types of plate boundaries? (3 answers)
Responda
-
Divergent
-
Convergent
-
Transform
-
Arctangent
Questão 38
Questão
What is the cause of divergent plate boundaries?
Responda
-
Sea-floor spreading
-
Balanced sea-floor spreading
Questão 39
Questão
In a transform plate boundary, plate boundaries are created and destroyed.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 40
Questão
Active volcanoes create seamounts (hotspots)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 41
Questão
The oceanic crust is formed at divergent boundaries.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 42
Questão
Weathering is the same as erosion.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 43
Questão
Identify an example of physical weathering:
Responda
-
Root wedging
-
Oxidation
-
Chemical reaction
Questão 44
Questão
Identify an example of chemical weathering:
Responda
-
Hydrolysis
-
Jointing
-
Animal/Human activity
Questão 45
Questão
The fastest weathering minerals are Halite, Calcite, and Olivine.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 46
Questão
The slowest weathering minerals are Hermatite, Gibbsite, and Quartz.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 47
Questão
The corners of a rock weather the slowest.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 48
Questão
Over time, rocks will form roughly spherical shapes from harsh weathering.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 49
Questão
What are the causes of erosion? (5 answers)
Responda
-
Wind
-
Running water, waves
-
Ice (glaciers)
-
Living organisms
-
Gravity
-
Magnetism
Questão 50
Questão
How are rocks held together? (2 answers)
Responda
-
Clastic (cement)
-
Crystalline (interlocking grains)
-
Glue
-
Gravity
Questão 51
Questão
What are the major rock groups? (3 answers)
Responda
-
Igneous
-
Sedimentary
-
Metamorphic
-
Crystalline
Questão 52
Questão
What are examples of an igneous rock? (2 answers)
Responda
-
Granite
-
Basalt
-
Pebble
-
Lava
Questão 53
Questão
What are examples of sedimentary rocks?
Responda
-
Sandstone
-
Limestone
-
Slate
-
Magma
Questão 54
Questão
What are examples of metamorphic rocks?
Responda
-
Marble
-
Slate
-
Gabbro
-
Glass
Questão 55
Questão
How can rocks be identified? (5 answers)
Responda
-
Grain size
-
Shape (morphology)
-
Mineralogy and composition
-
Texture
-
Layering
-
Colour
Questão 56
Questão
Magma can be any state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 57
Questão
Magmas vary chemically due to: (4 answers)
Responda
-
Initial source rock compositions
-
Partial melting
-
Assimilation and mixing
-
Fractional composition
-
Climate
-
Type and location of volcano
Questão 58
Questão
Bowen's Reaction Series refers to a graph that will identify what type of volcanic rocks will melt at what specific temperature.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 59
Questão
A xenolithe is a foreign rock.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 60
Questão
Metamorphic rocks do not hold any economic value.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 61
Questão
New minerals are grown in metamorphic rock.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 62
Questão
What are the sedimentary rock classes? (4 answers)
Responda
-
Clastic/detrital
-
Organic
-
Geochemical
-
Inorganic
-
Biochemical
-
Chemical
Questão 63
Questão
Granule is the smallest size of rock.
Responda
- True
- False
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