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BioMed II Exam 2

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Lectures Neoplasia I and II
Monica Werner
Quiz por Monica Werner, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Monica Werner
Criado por Monica Werner aproximadamente 2 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
A mature adult has around ____________ cells.
Responda
  • 60 Trillion
  • 50 Trillion
  • 100 Trillion
  • 10 Trillion

Questão 2

Questão
There are [blank_start]300[blank_end] different cell types in a normal human body, however, there are [blank_start]301[blank_end] different cell types in someone who has developed cancer.
Responda
  • 300
  • 301

Questão 3

Questão
Proliferation is used for:
Responda
  • Growth
  • Apoptosis
  • Replenishment
  • Necrosis

Questão 4

Questão
On average, _________ cells die and replenish every second.
Responda
  • 10 million
  • 15 million
  • 2 million
  • 5 million

Questão 5

Questão
Which of these cell types have a "lifetime" longevity?
Responda
  • Skin Cells
  • Bone Cells
  • Neurons
  • Muscle Cells
  • Spermatozoa
  • Oocytes

Questão 6

Questão
Match the method of cell death with its definition. [blank_start]Apoptosis[blank_end] --> The cell agrees to kill itself due to medium damage. [blank_start]Necrosis[blank_end] --> The cell is killed due to extreme damage. [blank_start]Senescence[blank_end] --> The cell agrees to stop replicating due to small damage.
Responda
  • Necrosis
  • Apoptosis
  • Senescence
  • Apoptosis
  • Necrosis
  • Senescence
  • Senescence
  • Apoptosis
  • Necrosis

Questão 7

Questão
In the word Apoptosis. "apo" means [blank_start]near[blank_end] and "ptosis" means [blank_start]drooping[blank_end].
Responda
  • near
  • drooping

Questão 8

Questão
Organize the differences between Necrosis and Apoptosis. Necrosis: - Death of [blank_start]Healthy[blank_end] Cells - [blank_start]Premature[blank_end] Death - [blank_start]Lots[blank_end] of chemicals and invading microbes - Very [blank_start]Fast[blank_end] death - [blank_start]"Kill and Spill"[blank_end] - [blank_start]Inflammation[blank_end] Response Apoptosis: - Death of [blank_start]Unhealthy[blank_end] Cells - [blank_start]Natural[blank_end] Death - [blank_start]Small amounts[blank_end] of chemicals and invading microbes - Very [blank_start]Slow[blank_end] Death - [blank_start]"Tag and Bag"[blank_end] - [blank_start]Minimal[blank_end] Response
Responda
  • Healthy
  • Unhealthy
  • Premature
  • Natural
  • Lots
  • Small Amounts
  • Fast
  • Slow
  • "Kill and Spill"
  • "Tag and Bag"
  • Inflammation
  • Minimal
  • Unhealthy
  • Healthy
  • Natural
  • Premature
  • Small amounts
  • Lots
  • Slow
  • Fast
  • "Tag and Bag"
  • "Kill and Spill"
  • Minimal
  • Inflammation

Questão 9

Questão
Old and Damaged cells are replenished by what type of cells?
Responda
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Stem Cells
  • Blood Cells
  • They are not replenished

Questão 10

Questão
[blank_start]Stem[blank_end] cells are considered "Immortal". [blank_start]Progenitor[blank_end] cells are considered "Mortal". [blank_start]Mature[blank_end] Cells are "Terminal".
Responda
  • Stem
  • Progenitor
  • Mature

Questão 11

Questão
All tissues have stem cells.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 12

Questão
Similarities between Stem cells and Tumor Cells include:
Responda
  • High Proliferation Rates
  • Potential to Migrate
  • Can remain Quiescent for long periods of time
  • Resistant to Apoptosis
  • Resistant to Toxin Infiltration

Questão 13

Questão
The most common cause of tumors are genetic changes in DNA.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 14

Questão
[blank_start]Deletions and Duplications[blank_end] change the number of genes which results in excessive or dysfunctional production of proteins. [blank_start]Mutations[blank_end] result in a change in sequence and function and can be hereditary or acquired over time. [blank_start]Epigenetic changes[blank_end] happen when something latches onto the gene or DNA sequence changing the functionality
Responda
  • Deletions and Duplications
  • Mutations
  • Epigenetic Changes
  • Mutations
  • Deletions and Dupications
  • Epigenetic Changes
  • Epigenetic changes
  • Mutations
  • Deletions and Duplications

Questão 15

Questão
If someone does not have Cancer, they do not have any tumor causing mutations within their DNA.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 16

Questão
Mutations can be Inherited or Acquired over time.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 17

Questão
[blank_start]Malignant Tumors[blank_end] spread to other tissues while [blank_start]Benign Tumors[blank_end] remain within a specific connective tissue area.
Responda
  • Malignant Tumors
  • Benign Tumors
  • Benign Tumors
  • Malignant Tumors

Questão 18

Questão
The zodiac sign "Cancer" was named such based off of the fact that "Cancer" the disease resembled a crab.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 19

Questão
What determines the difference between a Benign tumor and a Malignant tumor is the number and type of mutations.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 20

Questão
Benign Tumors are completely harmless.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 21

Questão
Problems that can be caused by benign tumors include:
Responda
  • Direct Physical Problems
  • Indirect Physical Problems
  • Chemical Problems
  • Cosmetic Concerns
  • Benign Tumors are Harmless and Do Not cause Problems

Questão 22

Questão
Any abnormal mass is considered a tumor.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 23

Questão
Moles always form before Adulthood.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 24

Questão
What type of benign tumor is the most common to arise during adulthood?
Responda
  • Papilloma
  • Osteoma
  • Lipoma
  • Myoma

Questão 25

Questão
What percentage of malignant tumors are inherited?
Responda
  • 20%
  • 25%
  • 30%
  • 15%

Questão 26

Questão
Some cancers are more inheritable than others.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 27

Questão
Gene mutations can be acquired from:
Responda
  • Radiation
  • Viruses
  • Carcinogens
  • Phytochemicals
  • Chronic Inflammation

Questão 28

Questão
The top 4 viral causes of cancer in order are: 1. [blank_start]Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)[blank_end]
Responda
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Hepatitis c Virus (HCV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

Questão 29

Questão
Cells that replicate more are more at risk to form Cancer.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 30

Questão
Put the steps of cell replication initiation in order: 1. [blank_start]Ligand[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Receptor[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Signaling Molecules[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Cell Cycle Progression[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Cell Replication[blank_end]
Responda
  • Ligand
  • Receptor
  • Signaling Molecules
  • Cell Cycle Progression
  • Cell Replication

Questão 31

Questão
Excess production of which proteins result in excess cell proliferation?
Responda
  • BRCA
  • EGF
  • HER2
  • p53
  • Ras

Questão 32

Questão
Proto-oncogene stands for "Early Cancer Gene" because the normal version of this gene can be mutated into a cancer causing gene.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 33

Questão
Increasing the amount of HER2 receptors in a cell increases the amount of signals being sent which then decreases the rate of cell proliferation.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 34

Questão
When there is a small amount of DNA damage detected, which proteins are activated to inhibit the cell cycle progression?
Responda
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Questão 35

Questão
When there is a small amount of DNA damage detected and the cell cycle is paused, which proteins start repairing the damaged DNA?
Responda
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Questão 36

Questão
When a large amount of DNA damage is detected, which proteins are activated to induce apoptosis?
Responda
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Questão 37

Questão
The most mutated gene in all cancers is:
Responda
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Questão 38

Questão
The [blank_start]primary[blank_end] site is the origin of the tumor while the [blank_start]secondary[blank_end] site is where the tumor has traveled to.
Responda
  • primary
  • secondary

Questão 39

Questão
Cancer cells travel through the [blank_start]blood[blank_end] or [blank_start]lymph[blank_end] vessels.
Responda
  • blood
  • lymph

Questão 40

Questão
Metastasis relies on more [blank_start]replication[blank_end] and less [blank_start]apoptosis[blank_end] of cells.
Responda
  • replication
  • apoptosis

Questão 41

Questão
The steps of Metastasis in order: 1. [blank_start]More Replication & Less Apoptosis[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Evasion[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Loss of Contact Inhibition[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Angiogenesis[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Emigration[blank_end] 6. [blank_start]Immigration[blank_end]
Responda
  • More Replication & Less Apoptosis
  • Evasion
  • Loss of Contact Inhibition
  • Angiogenesis
  • Emigration
  • Immigration

Questão 42

Questão
Cancer cells tend to invade tissues similar to their primary site tissues.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 43

Questão
Match the 5 Major Types of Cancer with their definitions. [blank_start]Carcinomas[blank_end] --> Cancer of the Epithelial Cells [blank_start]Melanomas[blank_end] --> Cancer of Melanocytes [blank_start]Sarcomas[blank_end] --> Cancer of the Connective Tissues [blank_start]Myeloid Leukemia[blank_end] --> Cancer of Mast, Baso, Eosin, Neutro, or Monocytes [blank_start]Lymphoid Leukemia[blank_end] --> Cancer of the Lymphocytes
Responda
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Melanomas
  • Carcinomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Sarcomas
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia

Questão 44

Questão
All of these can be symptoms of cancer EXCEPT
Responda
  • Dyspnea
  • Seizures
  • Hemoptysis
  • Lymphedema
  • Jaundice
  • All of these can be symptoms of Cancer

Questão 45

Questão
A Patient experiencing a tumor in the bone marrow may have symptoms such as...
Responda
  • Fatigue
  • Vertigo
  • Bleeding
  • Infections

Questão 46

Questão
Cancer is consistently considered the [blank_start]2nd[blank_end] most common cause of death in the US.
Responda
  • 2nd
  • 1st
  • 3rd

Questão 47

Questão
Tumors are detectable before they become a critical mass.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 48

Questão
A biopsy is considered the "[blank_start]gold standard[blank_end]" for tumor diagnosis.
Responda
  • gold standard

Questão 49

Questão
Tumor Detection Involves which of the following:
Responda
  • Visualization & Palpitation
  • Imaging & Observing
  • Testing
  • Sampling
  • All of the Above

Questão 50

Questão
In Antineoplastic surgery, Combotherapy can involve a combination of [blank_start]Surgery[blank_end], [blank_start]Radiation[blank_end], and [blank_start]Chemotherapy[blank_end].
Responda
  • Surgery
  • Radiation
  • Chemotherapy

Questão 51

Questão
[blank_start]Surgery and Radiation[blank_end] are usually used in early stage cancers while [blank_start]Chemotherapy[blank_end] is used in advanced stage cancers.
Responda
  • Surgery and Radiation
  • Chemotherapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Surgery and Radiation

Questão 52

Questão
Match the surgery type with its goal: [blank_start]Curative[blank_end] --> Removing all of the tumor to cure the patient [blank_start]Debulking[blank_end] --> Removing a large amount of the tumor to improve the prognosis of the cancer [blank_start]Palliative[blank_end] --> Removing some of the tumor to increase the comfort and quality of life for the patient
Responda
  • Curative
  • Debulking
  • Palliative
  • Debulking
  • Curative
  • Palliative
  • Palliative
  • Curative
  • Debulking

Questão 53

Questão
The general methods that chemotherapy uses to inhibit cellular replication and increase apoptosis include:
Responda
  • Inhibiting Hormone and Secreted Molecules
  • Inhibiting Kinases and Phosphate Groups
  • Using Surface Molecules and Damaging the DNA
  • Inhibiting DNA Replication and Chromosome Separation

Questão 54

Questão
Two Chemotherapeutic Hormone inhibitors mentioned were [blank_start]Tamoxifen[blank_end] and [blank_start]Bicalutamide[blank_end].
Responda
  • Tamoxifen
  • Bicalutamide

Questão 55

Questão
Replicating Cells secrete [blank_start]VEGF[blank_end] to stimulate the growth of blood vessels towards them to deliver Oxygen and Glucose
Responda
  • VEGF

Questão 56

Questão
An example of a medication that is a Monoclonal Antibody (MAB) targeting secreted molecules is:
Responda
  • Bevacizumab (Avastin)
  • Bendamustine (Bendeka)
  • Altretamine (Hexalen)
  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Questão 57

Questão
An example of a medication that is a Monoclonal Antibody (MAB) targeting surface molecules is:
Responda
  • Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
  • Bendamustine (Bendeka)
  • Altretamine (Hexalen)
  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Questão 58

Questão
A medication that is an example of a chemotherapeutic kinase inhibitor is:
Responda
  • Imatinib (Gleevec)
  • ifosfamide (Ifex)
  • Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
  • Bevacizumab (Avastin)

Questão 59

Questão
Which of these are Alkylating/Alkylating-like Agents?
Responda
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Cisplatin
  • Chlorambucil
  • I and II
  • II and III

Questão 60

Questão
Which of these are an Antimetabolite Drug?
Responda
  • Methotrexate
  • Mercaptopurine
  • Prednisone
  • 5-Flurouracil

Questão 61

Questão
Which of these are a Topoisomerase Inhibitor?
Responda
  • Irinotecan
  • Etoposide
  • Cisplatin
  • Bendamustine

Questão 62

Questão
Which of these are Antimitoic Agents?
Responda
  • Vincristine
  • Paclitaxel
  • Cyclophospamide
  • Dexamethasone

Questão 63

Questão
[blank_start]Primary[blank_end] Drug resistance is when Cancer is resistant to a drug before exposure. [blank_start]Acquired[blank_end] Drug resistance is when the Cancer becomes resistant over time after exposure.
Responda
  • Primary
  • Acquired

Questão 64

Questão
Systematic chemotherapy administration involves:
Responda
  • Intravenous Chemo
  • Oral Chemo
  • Subcutaneous Chemo
  • Intramuscular Chemo
  • Intradermal Cheo

Questão 65

Questão
Local chemotherapy administration methods mentioned include:
Responda
  • Intrathecal
  • Intravesical
  • Intravenous
  • Intramuscular

Questão 66

Questão
Drugs injected via I.V. cross BBB into the Central Nervous System.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 67

Questão
Continuous Chemotherapy treatment is considered [blank_start]Rare[blank_end] while Noncontinuous treatment is [blank_start]More Common[blank_end].
Responda
  • Rare
  • More Common
  • More Common
  • Rare

Questão 68

Questão
Noncontinuous treatment consists of weeks of treatment and then a few days of no treatment for the healthy cells to recover.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 69

Questão
Match the Chemotherapy response with its definition: [blank_start]Complete Response[blank_end] --> 100% disappearance after 1 month of treatment [blank_start]Partial Response[blank_end] --> 30% or greater decrease in tumor diameter along with no new disease [blank_start]Stable Disease[blank_end] --> Tumor has no change in size [blank_start]Progressive Disease[blank_end] --> 20% or greater increase in tumor size or Tumor has spread
Responda
  • Complete Response
  • Partial Response
  • Stable Disease
  • Progressive Disease
  • Partial Response
  • Complete Response
  • Stable Disease
  • Progressive Disease
  • Stable Disease
  • Complete Response
  • Partial Response
  • Progressive Disease
  • Progressive Disease
  • Stable Disease
  • Complete Response
  • Partial Response

Questão 70

Questão
The 1st FDA approved gene therapy mentioned was [blank_start]CAR-T[blank_end] therapy.
Responda
  • CAR-T

Questão 71

Questão
The Top 4 Modifiable Risk Factors for Cancer in Order are: 1. [blank_start]Cigarette Smoking[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Excess Weight[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Alcohol Intake[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]UV Exposure[blank_end]
Responda
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Excess Weight
  • Alcohol Intake
  • UV Exposure
  • Alcohol Intake
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Excess Weight
  • UV Exposure
  • Excess Weight
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Alcohol Intake
  • UV Exposure
  • UV Exposure
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Excess Weight
  • Alcohol Intake

Questão 72

Questão
Pro-inflammation promotes Cancer.
Responda
  • True
  • False

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