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Chapter 11

Descrição

Biochemistry
Amy Arce
Quiz por Amy Arce, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Amy Arce
Criado por Amy Arce quase 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 2

Questão
A key component of cartilage are molecules called
Responda
  • glycosaminoglycans
  • glycans
  • glycogylcans
  • aminoglycans

Questão 3

Questão
The smallest monosaccharides are composed of [blank_start]three[blank_end] carbons
Responda
  • three

Questão 4

Questão
glycosaminoglycans , large polymers made up of many repeats of dimers
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 5

Questão
Name six common monosaccharides
Responda
  • D-Ribose
  • D-deoxyribose
  • D-oxy
  • D-glucose
  • D-mannose
  • D-galactose
  • D-lactose
  • D-fructose

Questão 6

Questão
Glucose is a reducing sugar
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 7

Questão
Glucose can react with hemoglobin, forming
Responda
  • Monossacharides
  • Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c
  • Carbohydrates

Questão 8

Questão
Hemoglobin A1c allows one to
Responda
  • monitor the long term control of blood glucose levels in diabetics
  • monitor the short term control of blood glucose levels in diabetics

Questão 9

Questão
Monossacharides are joined to [blank_start]alcohols[blank_end] and [blank_start]amines[blank_end] through [blank_start]glycosidic[blank_end] bonds
Responda
  • alcohols
  • acids
  • amines
  • amino
  • glycosidic
  • glycogen

Questão 10

Questão
What are key intermediates in energy generation and biosynthesis
Responda
  • Phosphorylates sugars
  • Monossacharides
  • Carbohydrates

Questão 11

Questão
Phosphorylation is
Responda
  • a common modification of carbohydrates
  • a common modification of sugars
  • makes the sugars anionic and prevents them from leaving the cell
  • facilitates the metabolism of sugars

Questão 12

Questão
What contains two or more monosaccharies linked by O-glycosidic bonds
Responda
  • Oligosaccharides
  • sucrose
  • lactose
  • disaccharides

Questão 13

Questão
What are common disaccharides
Responda
  • Sucrose
  • lactose
  • maltose
  • glucose

Questão 14

Questão
Sucrose is obtained from sugar cane and sugar beets and is composed of
Responda
  • of glucose linked to fructose
  • linked to a glucose by a β-1-4-linkage
  • a degradation product of large oligosaccharides

Questão 15

Questão
The linkage is α for glucose and β for fructose.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 16

Questão
[blank_start]Sucrose[blank_end] is cleaved by sucrase
Responda
  • Sucrose

Questão 17

Questão
Lactose is the disaccharide of milk that consists of
Responda
  • a galactose linked to a glucose by a β-1-4-linkage
  • a degradation product of large oligosaccharides
  • the linkage is α for glucose

Questão 18

Questão
lactase cleaves [blank_start]lactose[blank_end]
Responda
  • lactose

Questão 19

Questão
Maltose
Responda
  • a degradation product of large oligosaccharides
  • disaccharidee
  • composed of 2 glucose molecules linked by an α-1-4-linkage.
  • disaccharide of milk

Questão 20

Questão
[blank_start]Maltose[blank_end] is hydrolyzed by maltase
Responda
  • Maltose

Questão 21

Questão
polysaccharides are
Responda
  • small polyermic oligosaccharides
  • large polymeric oligosaccharides
  • Disaccharides

Questão 22

Questão
If all of the monosaccharides in the polysaccharide are the same, the polysaccharide is called a [blank_start]homopolymer[blank_end]
Responda
  • homopolymer
  • hyperpolymer

Questão 23

Questão
The polysaccharide glycogen is the storage form of glucose in plant cells
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 24

Questão
Most glucose units in glycogen are lined by
Responda
  • α-1,4-glycosidic bonds
  • branches formed by α-1,6-glycosidic bonds every 10 glucose units
  • branches formed by α-1,6-glycosidic bonds every 15 glucose units
  • α-1,2-glycosidic bonds

Questão 25

Questão
In plants, glucose is stored as starch
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 26

Questão
Two forms of glucose are [blank_start]amylose[blank_end] and [blank_start]amylopectin[blank_end]
Responda
  • amylose
  • amylopectin

Questão 27

Questão
Amylose is a
Responda
  • linear polymer of glucose
  • branched polymer of glucose
  • linked by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
  • , with an α-1,6-glycosidic bond for every 30 α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Questão 28

Questão
Amylopectin is
Responda
  • branched polymer of glucose
  • linear polymer of glucose
  • linked by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
  • with an α-1,6-glycosidic bond for every 30 α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Questão 29

Questão
cellulose is a structural component of plants made of chains of glucose
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 30

Questão
Mammals cannot digest cellulose and other plant fibers, soluble fibers, such as polygalacturonic acid, aid in digestion
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 31

Questão
Carbohydrates can be linked to proteins to form [blank_start]glycoproteins[blank_end]
Responda
  • glycoproteins

Questão 32

Questão
Glycoproteins
Responda
  • largest component by weight
  • Play variety of roles, including membrane proteins
  • Smallest component by weight

Questão 33

Questão
Erythropoietin
Responda
  • glycoprotein
  • 40 percent carbohydrate by weight
  • secreted into the blood by the kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells
  • secreted into the blood by the kidney to stimulate production of white blood cells

Questão 34

Questão
glycosylation of erythropoietin enhances the stability of the protein in the blood
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 35

Questão
What are the three main classes of glycoproteins
Responda
  • proteoglycans
  • Mucins
  • Mucoproteins
  • Amino proteins

Questão 36

Questão
Proteoglycans
Responda
  • attached to a particular type of polysaccharide called glycosaminoglycan
  • By weight, mainly carbohydrate
  • By weight, mainly glucose
  • play structural roles
  • act as lubricants

Questão 37

Questão
Proteoglycans are proteins attached to glycosaminoglycans, which make up 95% of the proteoglycan by weight.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 38

Questão
Glycosaminoglycans are composed of
Responda
  • repeating units of a disaccharide, one of which is a derivative of an amino sugar and one of which carries a negative charge, either as a carboxylate or sulfate.
  • repeating units of a monosaccharide, one of which is a derivative of an amino sugar and one of which carries a negative charge, either as a carboxylate or sulfate.
  • repeating units of a disaccharide, one of which is a derivative of an amino sugar and one of which carries a positive charge, either as a carboxylate or sulfate.

Questão 39

Questão
Proteoglycans are important components of cartilage
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 40

Questão
Cartilage is composed of the
Responda
  • proteoglycan aggrecan and collagen
  • glycosaminoglycans
  • chitin

Questão 41

Questão
The glycosaminoglycan component of aggrecan cushions joints by releasing water on impact, and then rebinding water.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 42

Questão
Chitin
Responda
  • glycosaminoglycan
  • found in exoskeleton of insects
  • one of the most abundant carbohydrates in the world
  • Mucins

Questão 43

Questão
Mucopolysaccharidoses, such as Hurler disease, are
Responda
  • pathological conditions that result from the inability to degrade proteoglycans
  • pathological conditions that result from the inability to degrade glycosaminoglycan
  • pathological conditions that result from the inability to degrade glycogen

Questão 44

Questão
Mucins or mucoproteins like proteoglycans are predominately carbohydrate
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 45

Questão
Mucins or mucoproteins
Responda
  • attach to the carbohydrate by N-acetylgalactosamine
  • Often lubricants
  • adhere to epithelial cells, acting a protective barrier
  • Non lubricants

Questão 46

Questão
Blood groups are based off what patterns
Responda
  • protein glycosylation
  • Mucoproteins
  • Glycosaminoglycan

Questão 47

Questão
The human ABO blood groups reflect the specificity of
Responda
  • glycosyltransferases
  • proteoglycans
  • glycosaminoglycan

Questão 48

Questão
All of the blood groups share the oligosaccharide foundation called A
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 49

Questão
In type A blood, N-acetylgalactosamine is
Responda
  • added to the O by a specific glycosyltransferase.
  • added to the A by a specific glycosyltransferase.
  • added to the B by a specific glycosyltransferase.

Questão 50

Questão
In type B blood, galactose is added by another transferase
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 51

Questão
The blood type O, sometimes called H, lacks both the enzymes required to modify the foundation.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 52

Questão
[blank_start]Lectins[blank_end] are specific carbohydrate binding proteins
Responda
  • Lectins

Questão 53

Questão
Influenza virus binds to sialic acid residues
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 54

Questão
Some viruses gain entry into cells by
Responda
  • first binding to carbohydrates on the cell surface.
  • first binding to sugars on the cell surface.
  • first binding to proteoglycans on the cell surface.

Questão 55

Questão
The influenza virus binds to
Responda
  • oligosaccharides composed of sialic acid and galactose.
  • disaccharides composed of sialic acid and galactose.
  • oligosaccharides composed of sialic acid and fructose.
  • disaccharides composed of sialic acid and fructose.

Questão 56

Questão
What viral protein is responsible for carbohydrate binding
Responda
  • Hemoglobin
  • Hemagglutinin
  • glycoprotein
  • proteoglycan

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