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Mutagenesis

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Year 2 Quiz sobre Mutagenesis, criado por gina_evans0312 em 29-12-2013.
gina_evans0312
Quiz por gina_evans0312, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por gina_evans0312 quase 11 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
What is site directed mutation?
Responda
  • Where mutagenesis is directed towards a specific site
  • Where certain sites are more prone to mutagenesis than others
  • Where certain sites cannot be mutated and must be worked around

Questão 2

Questão
What form must the DNA be in for Site Directed Mutagenesis?
Responda
  • ssRNA
  • ssDNA
  • dsDNA

Questão 3

Questão
The primer for site directed mutagenesis is designed to have one or more mismatches
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 4

Questão
Once the mismatch has been achieved, how is it used?
Image:
Site_Directed (image/png)
Responda
  • During repair, the old base will be replaced with a new match
  • During replication, half the daughter cells will carry the mutation

Questão 5

Questão
What is specific about the DNA used in the Kunkel Method?
Responda
  • It's dsDNA
  • It's ssDNA
  • From the Slo + form of E.Coli
  • From the dut ung. form of E.Coli

Questão 6

Questão
What is Incorporated into the original DNA in order to make it susceptible to degrading
Responda
  • Uracil
  • Methyl-cytosine
  • Thymidine-3-phosphate

Questão 7

Questão
Like with site directed, the primer annealed to the DNA is designed to create mismatches
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 8

Questão
In both site directed and the Kunkel method, how is the primer extended?
Responda
  • DNA polymerase
  • Taq Polymerase
  • RNA polymerase

Questão 9

Questão
Once the DNA has been inserted, what happens to the original DNA strand?
Responda
  • The Uracil cause it to be partially degraded
  • The Methyl-cytosine cause it to be partially degraded
  • The Thymidine-3-Phosphate cause it to be partially degraded
  • Being removed alone with the bp next to them

Questão 10

Questão
The partially degraded strand is them re-synthesised by DNA repair proteins, finalising the mutation
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 11

Questão
Which method has a way of determining which plasmid has the mutation?
Responda
  • Site- Directed
  • Altered Site
  • Kunkel Method

Questão 12

Questão
What is particular about the plasmid used in the Altered Sites method?
Responda
  • It contains a non-functional Amp resistance gene
  • It contains a gene for DNA repair proteins
  • It's dsRNA

Questão 13

Questão
What oligonucleotide primers are used during Altered Site mutagenisis?
Responda
  • Mutant primer
  • Ampicillin 'Repair' primer
  • Ampicillin Non-Function primer

Questão 14

Questão
What is the result, after DNA replication has occurred?
Responda
  • The desired plasmid has the mutation, and tetracyline and ampicillin resistance
  • The desired plasmid has the mutation and tet resistance but no ampicillin resistance
  • The desired plasmid has the mutation and ampicillin resistance but no tetracyline resistance

Questão 15

Questão
What causes the mutagenesis in the 'Quickchange' PCR method?
Responda
  • A two primers containing the mutation
  • Rapid replication of the Site Directed mutant
  • One primer contains a mutation, the other is used to create the mutated plasmid
  • The original DNA is then degraded, leaving only the mutated plasmid

Questão 16

Questão
Why is Dpn used to degrade the original DNA?
Responda
  • It degrades only methylated DNA
  • It degrades only acetylated DNA
  • It degrades only ibiquitinated DNA

Questão 17

Questão
Site directed mutagenesis is unique in that no structural knowledge of the protein is required
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 18

Questão
State the two methods by which non-directed mutation occurs in evolution
Responda
  • Gradual accumulation of beneficiary mutations
  • Gradual loss of unnecessary DNA
  • Recombination of genes to form hybrid protein

Questão 19

Questão
These random mutations can be mimicked in a lab
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 20

Questão
Random mutagenesis works best by introducing many mutations at the same time
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 21

Questão
What will happen when this DNA replicates?
Image:
Degenerate_Primer (image/png)
Responda
  • The amino acid marked by the N's will be randomised
  • The Leu will be deleted
  • The N's are a stop codon, halting the gene

Questão 22

Questão
Primers can be more specific and limit the choice of potential aa further
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 23

Questão
Name an Error prone DNA polymerase
Responda
  • Taq
  • T7
  • Pol

Questão 24

Questão
Name the two conditions necessary for Error Prone mutagensis
Responda
  • An error prone polymerase
  • Conditions designed to increase error
  • No DNA repair enzymes
  • Restriction enzymes

Questão 25

Questão
DNA shuffling is used to create fusion proteins from two unrelated genes
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 26

Questão
Why does gene shuffling work?
Responda
  • Ligation repairs DNA errors
  • Related genes have overlapping areas
  • Related genes can ligate together with less error

Questão 27

Questão
What protein is used to randomly cut up two related genes for DNA shuffling?
Responda
  • DNAase I
  • DNAase III
  • EcoRV
  • EcoRI

Questão 28

Questão
The randomly cut up sequences are then ligated back together
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
When creating hybrids, the traditional approach of screening colonies for hybrids is not efficient- so we use robots
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 30

Questão
Name the two main methods of analysing mutants quickly
Responda
  • Surface display of proteins
  • Elution
  • Chemical compartmentalisation

Questão 31

Questão
The advantage of Protein Surface Display in improved mutations is?
Responda
  • Improved mutations will bind more strongly to immobalised substrate
  • They react more strongly to dyes
  • They don't degrade as easily

Questão 32

Questão
Once the variants are bound, they are washed so strongly only powerfully binding variants remain bound
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 33

Questão
Once the most improved variation has been identified, what can happen to it?
Responda
  • It's washed off and sequenced
  • It's washed off and improved again

Questão 34

Questão
Chemical Compartmentalisation uses an oil/acetyl emulsion
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 35

Questão
Why are the droplets important?
Responda
  • They make reading the DNA easier
  • Each droplet contains an individual mutation
  • Each droplet contains mutants that compliment each other

Questão 36

Questão
The DNA cannot be transcribed or translated in the droplets, only sequenced
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 37

Questão
Once the protein has been made, how are they assayed?
Responda
  • Robots put them on multi-well dishes for assay
  • Fluorescent activated cell sorters are used

Questão 38

Questão
How is fluorescence used for separation in Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorters?
Responda
  • The more fluorescent product is produced, the better the enzyme
  • The stronger the enzyme-substrate binding, the better the enzyme
  • The more fluorescent substrate is used, the better the enzyme

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