Motivation

Deprivation of basic biological needs creates an unpleasant tension, hence motivating us to behave in a way to reduce this tension. This is a description of:

[blank_start]Primary drives[blank_end] are considered to be innate or biological, such as food, water or sex. [blank_start]Secondary drives[blank_end] are learned through conditioning and learning, such as desire for wealth and social approval.

Expectancy-Value theory of motivation:

[blank_start]Goal setting theory[blank_end] claims that our goals are desired outcomes that direct our actions as humans and differ from our current situation.

Self-Determination theory proposes that we have three innate needs, those needs are:

In Maslows' hierarchy of needs, love and belonging are higher than esteem.

What are the features of the homeostatic systems providing us with biological motivation? (3 answers)

[blank_start]Osmometric[blank_end] thirst comes from deficits in [blank_start]intracellular[blank_end] water levels. [blank_start]Volumetric[blank_end] thirst arises from deficits in extracellular water levels.

What factors aside from homeostatic mechanisms regulate water intake? (3 answers)

The glucostatic hypothesis claims that when blood-sugar levels drop, we become hungry.

Stimulation of the [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] hypothalamus increases hunger. Stimulation of the [blank_start]medial[blank_end] hypothalamus decreases hunger.

Eating and Drinking causes dopamine release.