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Developmental Quiz

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Quiz sobre Developmental Quiz, criado por Benjamin Maier em 15-05-2017.
Benjamin Maier
Quiz por Benjamin Maier, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Benjamin Maier
Criado por Benjamin Maier mais de 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Before learning about Piaget's theory, you understood the terms "assimilation" and "accommodation" as they are used in conversation. After learning about Piaget's theory, you understood these terms as processes of intellectual development. This new understanding is most specifically known as
Responda
  • organisation
  • assimilation
  • accommodation
  • epistemology

Questão 2

Questão
A most basic assumption of Piaget's theory is that children progress through developmental stages _________ .
Responda
  • in an invariant sequence
  • at specific ages
  • dependent upon their sociocultural experiences
  • as they acquire increasingly complex understandings of imitation

Questão 3

Questão
Developmental research has confirmed the basic sequence of development that Piaget proposed for the sensorimotor period, but some of the milestones are reached earlier than he proposed, including all of the following except
Responda
  • A-not-B errors
  • deferred imitation
  • primary circular reactions
  • object permanence

Questão 4

Questão
Which of the following competencies is acquired in Piaget's preoperational stage?
Responda
  • symbolic function
  • decentration
  • reversibility
  • transitivity

Questão 5

Questão
Piaget notes that children's cognitive competencies were often uneven, with children being unable to solve certain problems even though they could solve similar problems requiring the same mental operations. He referred to this phenomenon as
Responda
  • genetic epistemology
  • decentration of operations
  • mental seriation
  • horizontal decalage

Questão 6

Questão
Tamara is beginning to use hypothetico-deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning in her thinking. She is becoming quite idealistic in her thinking about world politics and even her parents' behaviour. In addition, she imagines that other people are as interested in her thoughts and behaviours as she is. Tamara is most likely in the _________ stage of development.
Responda
  • sensorimotor
  • preoperational
  • concrete-operational
  • formal-operational

Questão 7

Questão
Developmental psychologists critisise Piaget's cognitive developmental theory for all of the following reasons except
Responda
  • the assumption that development occurs in stages
  • failing to adequately describe different stages of cognitive development
  • failing to specify how children progress from one stage of development to the next
  • understanding social and cultural influences on cognitive development

Questão 8

Questão
Vygotsky proposed that we should evaluate development from the perspective of four interrelated levels in interaction with children's environments. These four levels include all of the following except
Responda
  • microgenetic
  • ontogenetic
  • phylogenetic
  • sociogenetic

Questão 9

Questão
Text messaging to communicate using cell phones is so common in today's generation of teenagers and young adults that it has become what Vygotsky would call a
Responda
  • zone of proximal development
  • tool of intellectual adaptation
  • scaffold
  • guide of participation

Questão 10

Questão
________ argued that children's self-talk was a form of egocentric speech. ________ argued that children's self-talk was a cognitive self-guidance system that regulates problem-solving activities.
Responda
  • Piaget; Vygotsky
  • Piaget; Piaget
  • Vygotsky; Piaget
  • Vygotsky; Vygotsky

Questão 11

Questão
Which of the following emotions is not present at birth?
Responda
  • interest
  • disgust
  • contentment
  • embarrassment

Questão 12

Questão
Children must achieve the cognitive abilities of self-recognition and self-evaluation in order to experience which of the following emotions?
Responda
  • contentment
  • disgust
  • embarrassment
  • interest

Questão 13

Questão
Each culture has _______ that specify for children of each gender the appropriate intensity of emotion and the appropriate valence (positive or negative) of emotion that is acceptable in that culture.
Responda
  • emotional regulation rules
  • emotional display rules
  • social referencing rules
  • socialisation rules

Questão 14

Questão
A person's tendency to respond in predictable ways to environmental events is known as
Responda
  • emotional regulation
  • emotional display
  • temperament
  • socialisation

Questão 15

Questão
When there is a poor goodness-of-fit between parenting behaviours and temperamental attributes, ________ children may experience adjustment problems.
Responda
  • slow-to-warm-up
  • easy
  • behaviourally inhibited
  • sociable

Questão 16

Questão
After the _________, infants use their attachment object as a secure base for exploration.
Responda
  • asocial phase of attachments
  • phase of indiscriminate attachments
  • phase of specific attachments
  • phase of multiple attachments

Questão 17

Questão
Which theory of attachment is currently considered the predominately accepted theory by developmental psychologists?
Responda
  • psychoanalytic
  • learning
  • cognitive developmental
  • ethological

Questão 18

Questão
Which developmental milestone is generally thought to be necessary before an infant will display separation anxiety?
Responda
  • entering the asocial phase of attachments
  • using the attachment figure as a secure base for exploration
  • achieving object permanence
  • experiencing embarrassment or shame

Questão 19

Questão
Jamal is a 1-year-old toddler who is being tested in a university laboratory. He is guided through a series of episodes during which his mother and a stranger come and go from the room in which he is playing. Jamal is most likely being tested using the
Responda
  • Strange Situation Test
  • Attachment Q-set Test
  • Attachment Classification Test
  • Secure Attachment Test

Questão 20

Questão
Infants may form ________ of themselves and of others, which are somewhat stable over time and influence their reactions to people and challenges for years to come.
Responda
  • attachment classifications
  • temperamental classifications
  • Q-set models
  • internal working models

Questão 21

Questão
A psychologist studies ________. She is interested in how children learn the meanings of bound morphemes, free morphemes, and sentences.
Responda
  • phonology
  • morphology
  • semantics
  • syntax

Questão 22

Questão
Tamina is preoccupied with pointing at things and asking what they are. She is a toddler who experiences
Responda
  • the naming explosion
  • prelinguistic vocables
  • an overactive language acquisition device (LAD)
  • metalinguistic awareness

Questão 23

Questão
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the longitudinal research design?
Responda
  • It does not evaluate individual differences in development.
  • It is subject to the cross-generational problem.
  • It violates the scientific method.
  • It may cause developmental delays and trauma to the participants

Questão 24

Questão
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the cross-sectional research design?
Responda
  • It does not evaluate individual differences in development.
  • It is subject to the cross-gender problem.
  • It violates the scientific method.
  • It may cause developmental changes that would not occur naturally and which may not be long-lasting.

Questão 25

Questão
Match with the correct answer.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 18.07.48 (image/png)
Responda
  • from 3rd to 8th prenatal week
  • major organ systems begin to function
  • lasting from conception to implantation

Questão 26

Questão
A severe form of depression suffered by about 10% of new mothers leaves these women feeling like they don't want their babies, perceiving their babies to be "difficult", and not interacting with their babies. These feelings can last for months. This form of depression is known as
Responda
  • maternity depression
  • maternity blues
  • postpartum depression
  • post-birth depression

Questão 27

Questão
Oxygen deprivation at birth is called
Responda
  • breech delivery
  • anoxia
  • oxygen depletion
  • umbilical cord abnormality

Questão 28

Questão
Match with the correct answer.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 18.21.13 (image/png)
Responda
  • a father's initial emotional response
  • a mother's initial emotional response

Questão 29

Questão
________ are external agents such as viruses, drugs, chemicals, and radiation that can harm a developing embryo or fetus.
Responda
  • Fetal programs
  • PCBs
  • Teratogens
  • Toxoplasmoses

Questão 30

Questão
A period during which an organism is quite susceptible to certain environmental influences is known as ________ . Outside this period, the same environmental influences must be much stronger to produce comparable effects.
Responda
  • sensitive period
  • teratogen period
  • differentiation period
  • danger period

Questão 31

Questão
The most critical period in prenatal development for potential damage to the developing organism from teratogens is the period of the
Responda
  • blastocyst
  • zygote
  • fetus
  • embryo

Questão 32

Questão
According to Piaget, accommodation refers to
Responda
  • the modification or distortion of new information in order to incorporate it into current schemes
  • the fact that every structure has its genesis in previous structures
  • the tendency to integrate structures into higher-order systems of structures
  • the changing of a current scheme in order to incorporate new information

Questão 33

Questão
According to Piaget, cognitive equilibration refer to the
Responda
  • tendency to integrate structures into higher-order systems or structures
  • individual seeking to stabilise his or her cognitive structures
  • tendency to modify structures in order to incorporate new information into existing structures
  • fact that every structure has its genesis (i.e., its origins) in earlier structures

Questão 34

Questão
Match the concepts with their definitions after Piaget.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 18.43.17 (image/png)
Responda
  • Intelligence
  • Cognitive Equilibration
  • Assimilation
  • Constructivist
  • Schemes
  • Organisation

Questão 35

Questão
The first major period in Piaget's stage theory is the sensorimotor stage, which lasts from birth to approximately 2 years of age. Accordingly to Piaget, children at this stage
Responda
  • are not able to comprehend the world yet, and must rely on others to do their thinking for them
  • are able to think logically and comprehend their environment
  • are of little interest to experimental psychologists because they are unable to verbalise fluently
  • are able to comprehend the world around them through their actions on it

Questão 36

Questão
According to Piaget, imitation is the purest example of
Responda
  • accommodation
  • assimilation
  • the coordination of both assimilation and coordination
  • abstract representation

Questão 37

Questão
Six-month-old Pedro is playing with his stuffed toy rabbit in his crib. He sets the rabbit down, and as he moves to reach his bottle, his blanket covers this toy. Pedro then turns to reach for his rabbit, but seeing only a bump in his blanket, he cries. According to Piaget, Pedro’s actions in this situation reflect a lack of
Responda
  • object permanence
  • deferred imitation
  • primary circular reactions
  • assimilation

Questão 38

Questão
Piaget's concept of object permanence refers to the
Responda
  • knowledge that objects have an existence in space and time independent of one's perceptions of and action on them
  • knowledge that an inanimate object (e.g., a ball) will remain in a given location when put there, although an animate object (e.g., a rabbit) may not
  • tendency for semantic knowledge of objects to remain permanently in long-term memory
  • ability to memorise the spatial location of permanent objects in the environment

Questão 39

Questão
Match the following concepts with their definitions.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 19.04.36 (image/png)
Responda
  • A-not-B error
  • primary circular reactions
  • invariant developmental sequence
  • cordination of 2ndary circular reactions
  • neo-nativism

Questão 40

Questão
Glen's mother has dark hair and is short; Glen thinks that all mothers have dark hair and are short. This is an example of
Responda
  • conservation
  • disequilibrium
  • egocentrism
  • accommodation

Questão 41

Questão
The preoperational child is charaterised by
Responda
  • introspective and abstract thinking
  • logical, concrete, and nonabstract thinking
  • symbolic, intuitive thinking
  • symbolic, intuitive, and egocentric thinking

Questão 42

Questão
A 5-year-old child suggests that John, who is 6 feet tall, must be older than his Aunt Mary, who is only 5 feet tall. This approach of interpreting age based solely on the height of an individual can be attributed to this child’s
Responda
  • seeing events as specific states and ignoring transformations
  • egocentricity
  • inability to deal with a superordinate and subordinate concept simultaneously
  • perceptual centration

Questão 43

Questão
Match the following concepts with their definitions.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 19.20.35 (image/png)
Responda
  • representational insight
  • conservation
  • hypothetico-deductive reasoning
  • animism
  • horizontal décalage

Questão 44

Questão
Vygotsky discussed four perspectives of development that should be considered in any theory of intellectual development. Which one of the following is not one of the perspectives proposed by Vygotsky?
Responda
  • microgenetic development
  • phylogenetic development
  • sociocultural development
  • prenatal development

Questão 45

Questão
Five-year-old Erin sits on the floor with her mother as they play a board game. Erin rolls a 2 and a 3 on the dice. She picks up her game piece, a small toy dog, moving it along the board as she says, “I move my doggie one, two . . . then I move my doggie one, two, three.” Erin’s behaviour reflects
Responda
  • Piaget’s perspective, that private speech reflects the child’s egocentricity of thought and represents the child’s unsuccessful attempt at social speech
  • Piaget’s perspective, that private speech is a necessary precursor to social speech in that it serves as preparation (practice) for successful social communication
  • Vygotsky’s perspective, that private speech serves as a cognitive self-guidance system for young children
  • both Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s perspectives, that private speech is presymbolic and serves only to initiate or inhibit overt motor actions and has no influence on cognition

Questão 46

Questão
Match the following concepts with their definitions.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 19.31.29 (image/png)
Responda
  • zone of proximal development
  • ontogenetic development
  • guided participation
  • microgenetic development
  • scaffolding
  • tools of intellectual adaption

Questão 47

Questão
A researcher reports that boys show more physical aggression than girls in free play. She is able to demonstrate consistency of results across time, situations, and observers. Therefore, her findings are:
Responda
  • reliable
  • valid
  • proven
  • all of the above

Questão 48

Questão
A researcher uses looking preferences to assess categorisation abilities of babies who cannot yet speak. She is able to demonstrate that the measure she uses accurately reflects the variables that are under study. Therefore, her findings are:
Responda
  • reliable
  • valid
  • proven
  • all of the above

Questão 49

Questão
A researcher measures children’s language development by administering questionnaires to parents. Possible problems?
Responda
  • Parental questionnaires are never valid
  • Parental answers are seldom reliable
  • Parental answers are not suitable for assessment of children's verbal behaviour.
  • May be inferior to measuring the behaviour directly
  • All of the above

Questão 50

Questão
A researcher measures children’s cognitive development by asking questions about a hypothetical situation. Possible problems?
Responda
  • Children may know something but be unable to explain it.
  • Different children may get different prompts, depending on their previous answers.
  • Experimenter may be biased in interpreting the answers.
  • May be interior to measuring the behaviour directly.
  • All of the above.

Questão 51

Questão
A researcher measures play behaviour of a few children over a long period of time, in daily structured play sessions. Possible problems?
Responda
  • Children will get bored with this and underperform.
  • Results will be insufficient to draw valid conclusions.
  • Results may not generalise to other children.
  • All of the above.

Questão 52

Questão
Say that we found that watching a lot of violence on TV is correlated with disruptive behaviours in children. What conclusions can be drawn from this?
Responda
  • TV violence may cause disruptive behaviour
  • Parents of disruptive children allow them to watch more TV programmes.
  • All of the above could be true.
  • None of the above.

Questão 53

Questão
A researcher reported that 3-year-old children have longer attention span than 2-year-old children, as they remembered more pictures shown in a test. She used a cross-sectional design, and tested 25 children in each group.
Responda
  • Data are not valid or reliable.
  • Data are not generalisible
  • Data cannot tell us about the development of individual children.
  • All of the above.
  • None of the above.

Questão 54

Questão
Recommended for women in general: up to 14-21 units / week, so up to 2-3 units per day is OK. How much is it safe to drink in pregnancy?
Responda
  • No drinking at all
  • One unit per day
  • Two units per day
  • Three units per day

Questão 55

Questão
Birth experience for babies is...
Responda
  • Not very stressful at all
  • Quite stressful
  • Very stressful
  • Torturous

Questão 56

Questão
For parents, especially the mother, is there a sensitive period for emotional bonding in first 6-12 hours after birth?
Responda
  • Yes - this is crucial for the full acceptance of a new baby.
  • No, there is no such thing as a sensitive period.
  • It may be helpful but it is not necessary.
  • It may be helpful not to see the baby immediately, until mother is properly rested and hormones return to normal.

Questão 57

Questão
You show preschool children Manyard the Cat. Then, in front of them, you place a dog mask on the cat’s face. You ask the children, does he bark or meow? They will say
Responda
  • meow
  • bark
  • can do either as he chooses
  • neither

Questão 58

Questão
Genetic epistemology, Piaget's academic specialty, could be defined as the study of the:
Responda
  • child's social relations with others such as peers.
  • inheritance of developmental disability.
  • inheritance of behavioural habits.
  • development of knowledge.

Questão 59

Questão
In Piaget's theory, balance between the child's thoughts and the environment is called:
Responda
  • Secondary circular reaction.
  • Phylogenetic scaffolding.
  • Early constructivism.
  • Cognitive equilibrium.

Questão 60

Questão
Object permanence refers to the understanding that:
Responda
  • durable todays are preferred over those that break soon.
  • existence continues even when something is out of sight.
  • inanimate objects have the ability to "hide" actively.
  • lost objects will always be located later.

Questão 61

Questão
Three-year-old Bethan gets scared when her mum dresses up in a dinosaur costume on Halloween. This child shows:
Responda
  • a phylogenetic development.
  • assimilation and accommodation.
  • lack of object (person) permanence.
  • misunderstanding of the appearance/reality distinction.

Questão 62

Questão
Suppose we asked children to make drawings of all the life forms that might occur on another planet. According to Piaget, the novelest, creative ideas of life forms are likely to come from children at the:
Responda
  • sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
  • preoperational stage of cognitive development.
  • concrete-operational stage of development.
  • formal-operational stage of development.

Questão 63

Questão
Roxanne is 4 ½ years old. She often talks out loud even when other people are not listening. This habit is:
Responda
  • unusual for boys but common for girls.
  • unusual for girls but common for boys.
  • fairly common in all children of her age but of no significance for her cognitive development.
  • fairly common in all children her age and helpful to her cognitive development.

Questão 64

Questão
Which statement is LEAST applicable to Vygotsky's theory?
Responda
  • Cooperative interactions with skilled tutors are helpful.
  • Variations in cultural influences are acknowledged.
  • Developmental universals are sought and identified.
  • Scaffolding assists the child with difficult tasks.

Questão 65

Questão
In the mirror self-recognition test, the parent covertly places a red spot on 1-year-old Gareth’s face. The child is then presented with a mirror. What is he most likely to do?
Responda
  • Deliberately ignore the red spot.
  • Stare at the red spot.
  • Touch their nose / wipe the red spot.
  • Interact with the mirror (kissing or touching it)

Questão 66

Questão
When do children start learning their native language?
Responda
  • about 12 months old
  • about 6 months old
  • soon after birth
  • before they are born

Questão 67

Questão
Some language developmental researchers claim that 8-month old infants can out-perform older children on certain language tasks. Why?
Responda
  • They are attention-, funds- and fame-seeking scientists
  • They are simply mistaken - other researchers disagree
  • There are large individual differences in development, some infants can be so advanced that they outperform average pre-schoolers
  • This is actually true for all children in some aspects of comprehension.

Questão 68

Questão
Which type of parenting produces the happiest, best-adjusted children?
Responda
  • Authoritative (high demandingness/control and high acceptance/responsiveness)
  • Authoritarian (high demandingness/control and low acceptance/responsiveness)
  • Permissive (low demandingness/control and high acceptance/responsiveness)
  • Uninvolved (low demandingness/control) and low acceptance/responsiveness)

Questão 69

Questão
Jo has bad temper which often leads to crying and shouting. Jo’s mum tries to avoid public embarrassment by giving in to Jo’s demands when they are out. This makes it more likely that this situation will happen again. This fits with a
Responda
  • Parent effects model.
  • Child effects model.
  • Transactional model.
  • Universal model.

Questão 70

Questão
Girls are more likely than boys to show which kind of aggression?
Responda
  • Hostile.
  • Instrumental.
  • Relational.
  • Bullying.

Questão 71

Questão
A strong advantage of the longitudinal design is
Responda
  • That informed consent is not necessary.
  • Its ability to discern amongst cohorts.
  • That it follows development of individuals.
  • That it protects from selective attrition.

Questão 72

Questão
Which of these is NOT among the five measurements that make up the APGAR test for neonates?
Responda
  • Muscle tone.
  • Heart rate.
  • Reflex irritability.
  • Attention span.

Questão 73

Questão
In recent decades, the age of viability has advanced earlier in the period of the fetus because of
Responda
  • The increasing rate of single parenthood.
  • The perfusion of toxic chemicals in food and water.
  • Better maternal nutrition.
  • Advances in medical technology.

Questão 74

Questão
Reasoning by verbal analogy: MATERNITY BLUES are to POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION as __________ is to __________.
Responda
  • PRIMATE / HUMAN
  • POSITIVE / NEGATIVE
  • FATHER / MOTHER
  • MILD / INTENSE

Questão 75

Questão
When adults interpret emotions displayed by babies in their first months of life, they
Responda
  • Are unreliable and inaccurate.
  • Do better with negative emotions than with positive.
  • Do better with positive emotions than with negative.
  • Are highly accurate regardless of the type of emotions.

Questão 76

Questão
"Social referencing" refers to the child's ability to
Responda
  • Categorise people or animals as good or bad.
  • Use the reactions of others to interpret an ambiguous stimulus or situation.
  • Hide one's own true inner feelings.
  • Understand that others' feelings differ from your own.

Questão 77

Questão
Which of these is NOT among the several methods for studying infants’ sensation / perception?
Responda
  • Habituation / dishabituation.
  • High-amplitude sucking.
  • Deferred imitation.
  • Evoked potentials.

Questão 78

Questão
Sandra’s mum has no time to look into a mirror. Which flaws is 6-month-old Sandra LEAST likely to notice?
Responda
  • Very smudged eye shadow.
  • A big bruise on mum's nose.
  • A piece of pasta hanging off mum's chin.
  • A crow's nest in mum's hair.

Questão 79

Questão
As little Benny masters object permanence, which behaviour represents the most advanced understanding?
Responda
  • Passively waiting for an object to reappear.
  • Anticipating invisible displacements.
  • Making an A-not-B error.
  • Looking at another toy as the first one disappears from view.

Questão 80

Questão
Ceri’s dad is upset and cries. Ceri gives her teddy to dad to hold, and tells dad he will feel better if he hugs that teddy. According to Piaget, Ceri is showing
Responda
  • Egocentrism.
  • Decentered emotionality.
  • Sympathetic empathic concern.
  • Animism.

Questão 81

Questão
Reasoning by verbal analogy, Piaget’s view is to Vygotsky’s view as is to
Responda
  • Egocentrism / other's viewpoint.
  • Adolescence / childhood.
  • Flexibility / rigidity.
  • Solitary / social.

Questão 82

Questão
For Vygotsky, private speech is
Responda
  • Meaningless babbling.
  • Entirely silent and cannot be heard by others.
  • Passive reporting on thoughts after they have happened.
  • Self-talk that helps children to plan their thoughts.

Questão 83

Questão
A basic definition of imitation is
Responda
  • Doing an action after seeing it done.
  • Repeating an action after getting reinforcement.
  • Varying a response to achieve reinforcement.
  • Repeating an action.

Questão 84

Questão
Generalised imitation, a higher-order skill investigated by researchers in Bangor and other behaviour analysts, denotes an
Responda
  • Ability to copy actions.
  • Ability to copy a variety of actions.
  • Ability to copy a variety of novel actions.
  • Ability to copy a variety of novel actions without external reinforcement.

Questão 85

Questão
A toddler is able to name many objects and events. He hears a familiar word /cat/. This makes him
Responda
  • Look to find a cat.
  • Try to pet the cat.
  • Do neither 1 or 2 but may echo the word 'cat'.
  • Do both 1 and 2 - and he may echo the word 'cat'.

Questão 86

Questão
The set of emotions that are closely tied to cognitive development, particularly self-recognition and an understanding of social norms is
Responda
  • Interest, distress, disgust, and contentment.
  • Anger, surprise, fear, and sadness.
  • Embarrassment, shame, guilt, and pride.
  • Joy, happiness, frustration, and boredom.

Questão 87

Questão
Belinda is 8 months old. She turns away and starts crying when a stranger approaches her pram in the supermarket. This reaction would
Responda
  • Be unusual in a child at that age.
  • Be evidence that Belinda was insecurely attached.
  • Be considered a typical response to a stranger for a child of that age (but not necessarily a universal response).
  • Simply indicate that Belinda is tired or hungry.

Questão 88

Questão
Emotional attachments between parent and child
Responda
  • Are the result of cultural effects of parenting in the Western countries.
  • Slowly rise from social interactions in the first months.
  • Emerge suddenly at birth, to the strongest level.
  • Result from both persons' shared genetic relationship.

Questão 89

Questão
Mary Ainsworth's (1978) "Strange Situation”
Responda
  • Identifies the child's level of visual imagination.
  • Provides training for the transition into foster care.
  • Measures the child's interest in novel unfamiliar items.
  • Assesses the child's attachment style.

Questão 90

Questão
The two common fears of infancy, separation anxiety and stranger anxiety, reflect the baby's preference for
Responda
  • Easy temperament.
  • Familiarity.
  • Social referencing.
  • Learned helplessness.

Questão 91

Questão
Training to improve the sensitivity of parents to their child’s needs
Responda
  • Is doomed to fail because caregiving is genetically predetermined.
  • Works and promotes secure attachment.
  • Is directed mainly to upper parents.
  • Yields temporary gains that are lost within weeks.

Questão 92

Questão
Sam, age five, turns away from the TV that shows a report of an earthquake, where people are hurt. Sam is likely to be feeling
Responda
  • Self-oriented distress.
  • Sympathetic empathetic arousal.
  • A hostile attribution bias.
  • Learned helplessness.

Questão 93

Questão
Finnish school-based KiVa programme does NOT contain
Responda
  • An online game training emotion recognition.
  • Classroom activities that teach children to be helpful bystanders.
  • Psychological counselling to make bullied children less vulnerable.
  • Parental educational materials.

Questão 94

Questão
Bangor-made Food Dudes programmes are effective interventions that increase consumption of fruit and veg. They are usually delivered by
Responda
  • Parents.
  • Researchers.
  • Children.
  • Teachers.

Questão 95

Questão
Which of these is NOT among Piaget's four cognitive developmental stages?
Responda
  • Formal operations stage.
  • Preoperational stage.
  • Proximal zone stage.
  • Sensorimotor stage.

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