L37 Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Descrição

• Explain what is meant by the term “selective toxicity”. • Identify 5 bacterial cell components targeted by different classes of antibiotics. • Describe some of the mechanisms of the development of antibiotic resistance and discuss how to reduce its development. • Outline the source, mode of action, importance and factors potentially compromising the successful application of penicillin to the control of bacterial infections.
Mer Scott
Quiz por Mer Scott, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Mer Scott
Criado por Mer Scott mais de 7 anos atrás
80
1

Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Which of these best describes selective toxicity?
Responda
  • The toxicity of a treatment of antibiotics gauged by effect on the host cells.
  • The property of antibiotics that allow them to kill microbial cells but not the host cells.
  • The property of a drug meaning they affect only some cells and not other. One which kills microbial cells but not host cells is an ideal antibiotic.

Questão 2

Questão
How does penicillin work?
Responda
  • It interferes with the formation of the peptidoglycan wall by inhibiting formation of cross links.
  • It mimics the enzyme which forms the polyglycopeptides preventing the NAG NAM chain from forming.

Questão 3

Questão
What are five ways bacteria can be targeted by microbes?
Responda
  • Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
  • Inhibition of protein synthesis
  • Disruption of cytoplasmic membrane
  • Inhibition of general metabolic pathway
  • Inhibition of DNA/RNA synthesis
  • Degradation of intracellular enzymes
  • Opsonisation of flagella

Questão 4

Questão
Antibiotic resistance will be conferred on the [blank_start]survivors[blank_end] of an antibiotic, hence the microbe has a [blank_start]selection pressure[blank_end] to evolve to resist antibiotics. An example of this is enzyme [blank_start]beta-lactamase[blank_end] produced by some microbes, which breaks and disables the [blank_start]lactam[blank_end] ring of penicillin. Microbial resistance can also be passed on by [blank_start]vertical or horizontal[blank_end] gene transfer.
Responda
  • survivors
  • selection pressure
  • beta-lactamase
  • lactam
  • vertical or horizontal

Questão 5

Questão
Which of these is not a method to reduce the development of antibiotic resistance?
Responda
  • Decrease antibiotic utilisation
  • Combination therapy
  • Improve diagnostics
  • Identify new targets
  • Identify new antibiotics

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