[Notes Test] Civics 5 - July Exam (1.1 - 1.6)

1.1 Filipino Ancestors • mes[blank_start]tizo[blank_end] – half white foreigner and half Filipino • Pro[blank_start]fe[blank_end]ssor [blank_start]H[blank_end]. Ot[blank_start]ley[blank_end] Be[blank_start]yer[blank_end] - historian/geologist, asserts that Philippines was populated by groups of people coming from various parts of Southeast Asia (waves of migration theory) Origin of Early Filipinos Theory 1. Ta[blank_start]bon[blank_end] Man - Homo sap[blank_start]ien[blank_end]s, in tabon cave, Palawan, used sto[blank_start]ne[blank_end] tools 2. Ho[blank_start]mo[blank_end] Erec[blank_start]tus[blank_end] Philippi[blank_start]nen[blank_end]sis – used similar tools as those used by Pe[blank_start]kin[blank_end]g man of China and Ja[blank_start]va[blank_end] man of Indonesia * Migration Theory * 1. Ne[blank_start]grit[blank_end]os – small, black-skinned, thick lipped, kinky hair, via land bridges 2. In[blank_start]done[blank_end]sians – tall & thin, medium sized nose, thin lips, slightly fair skin, via boat 3. Ma[blank_start]lay[blank_end]s – brown complexion, medium built & height, straight hair, flat nose, via sailboats * Subsequent migrants 1. Hin[blank_start]du[blank_end]s 2. Ar[blank_start]ab[blank_end]s 3. Chi[blank_start]ne[blank_end]se

1.2 Early Government and Law 1 - [blank_start]Barangay[blank_end] - early Filipinos basic unit of governance, came from the word ba[blank_start]la[blank_end]ngay or balanghai • Balang[blank_start]ay[blank_end] - sea vessel used by the first inhabitants in coming to the country • [blank_start]Datu[blank_end] or Rajah - head of the village, bore the name Gat or Lakan, eldest male of royal family • [blank_start]Blood Compact[blank_end]- covenant between leaders to show agreement on issues or plans, or to show solidarity • [blank_start]Maragtas[blank_end] or [blank_start]Sumakwel[blank_end] Code - oldest known body of laws, written by Datu Sumakwel • Code of Kalan[blank_start]tiaw[blank_end] - 2nd oldest written code • Council of Ad[blank_start]viser[blank_end]s - advises the Datu • Umaloh[blank_start]okan[blank_end] - announces law the to the public * Number of Families in Barangay: Luzon: 30 -[blank_start]1[blank_end]00 Visayas: 15 - [blank_start]2[blank_end]0 Other places: 300 - [blank_start]1[blank_end]000 Trials to determine guilt or innocence usually left to Divine Providence or f[blank_start]at[blank_end]e. * Duties of Datu: 1. Make and Enforce L[blank_start]a[blank_end]w 2. Acts as Jud[blank_start]ge[blank_end] 3. Command the war[blank_start]rior[blank_end]s 4. Conduct busi[blank_start]nes[blank_end]s transactions with other barangays 5. Led reli[blank_start]gio[blank_end]us rituals 6. Def[blank_start]en[blank_end]d his people 7. Dec[blank_start]id[blank_end]e on issues and matters according to the laws * Major crime punishments: 1. De[blank_start]at[blank_end]h Penalty 2. payment of [blank_start]big[blank_end] fines 3. sold to sla[blank_start]ver[blank_end]y * Minor crime punishments: 1.be[blank_start]at[blank_end]ings 2. torture in an a[blank_start]nt[blank_end]hill 3. payment of l[blank_start]ow[blank_end]er fines 4. long hours swi[blank_start]mmin[blank_end]g

1.2 Early Government and Law 2 - [blank_start]Sultanate[blank_end] - government system of the Muslims • [blank_start]Sultan[blank_end] - heads of a sultanate, richest and most powerful, governed according to the Qur’[blank_start]an[blank_end] • [blank_start]Qur’an[blank_end] - holy book of the Muslims • [blank_start]Ruma Bichara[blank_end] - principal assistant of the sultan • Council of Im[blank_start]am[blank_end]s - Muslim religious leaders, advises the Sultan • Law - prevents the rule of anar[blank_start]ch[blank_end]y or lawlessness, and provides peace and order. *Roles of Sultan: 1. Make comm[blank_start]and[blank_end]s and enacts l[blank_start]aw[blank_end]s 2. Primary reli[blank_start]gio[blank_end]us leader

1.3 - Early Filipino Society D[blank_start]atu[blank_end] or village leader - administrator of the village or community 3 Social Classes: 1. Ro[blank_start]ya[blank_end]l or No[blank_start]bl[blank_end]e group – mahar[blank_start]lik[blank_end]a, community leaders; datu, rajah, sultan, lakan & their relatives 2. F[blank_start]ree[blank_end]men - tim[blank_start]aw[blank_end]a; warriors, business and trade owners, serves the datu or members of the maharlika 3. Sl[blank_start]ave[blank_end]s - ali[blank_start]pi[blank_end]n 2 Types of Alipin/Slaves: 1. aliping nama[blank_start]mah[blank_end]ay - serfs, served their owners in their home 2. aliping sagi[blank_start]gil[blank_end]id - true slave, could be sold, do hard work outside the house 3 kinds of slaves in Visayas 1. ayu[blank_start]ey[blank_end] - serve his lord all of his life 2. tumaram[blank_start]puk[blank_end] - had it’s own home, serves the datu once a day 3. tumata[blank_start]ban[blank_end] - only need when there’s occasions and merrymaking 2 ways of farming: 1. sl[blank_start]ash[blank_end]-and-b[blank_start]ur[blank_end]n or kai[blank_start]ngi[blank_end]n method - in highlands, portion of forest burned to make way for planting 2. w[blank_start]et[blank_end] r[blank_start]ice[blank_end] method - in lowlands, plain land is tiled

1.4 Early Filipino Culture *Type of Dwellings 1. C[blank_start]ave[blank_end]s - permanent, settlers had to leave to search for food 2. Ni[blank_start]pa[blank_end] H[blank_start]ut[blank_end] - bahay-kubo, made of bamboo, wood, pawid; have batalan (bathroom) and silong (storeroom) 3. Co[blank_start]ast[blank_end] Houses - near coastline, rise above the water 4. B[blank_start]oat[blank_end]s - house of Badjaos of Sulu 5. Tr[blank_start]eet[blank_end]op Houses - prevents sudden attacks by enemies *Clothing of Men: 1. kang[blank_start]an[blank_end] - jacket-type upper shirt, collarless with short sleeves, worn by men 2. bah[blank_start]ag[blank_end] - loin cloth, covers the lower part of the body 3. put[blank_start]ong[blank_end] - headgear *Clothing of Women: 1. kami[blank_start]sa[blank_end] or bar[blank_start]o[blank_end] - upper body clothing 2. say[blank_start]a[blank_end] or patadyo[blank_start]ng[blank_end] - wide skirt 3. tap[blank_start]is[blank_end] - additional cover, wrapped around the skirt

1.4 Early Filipino Culture *Marriage, Inheritance paninil[blank_start]bihan[blank_end] - man serves the family of his woman dot[blank_start]e[blank_end] or bigay-kaya - dowry given by the man’s family to the woman’s family asa[blank_start]wa[blank_end] - man’s legal wife children of the le[blank_start]ga[blank_end]l wife -  inherits the family’s wealth *Education ali[blank_start]bat[blank_end]a - early alphabet, 17 letters - 3 vowels, 14 consonants tree b[blank_start]ar[blank_end]k or le[blank_start]ave[blank_end]s - used as papers *Father-Son-Education 1. fi[blank_start]shi[blank_end]ng 2. fa[blank_start]rmi[blank_end]ng 3. sh[blank_start]ip[blank_end] building 4. h[blank_start]unt[blank_end]ing 5. wa[blank_start]rri[blank_end]ors *Mother-Daughter-Education 1. co[blank_start]oki[blank_end]ng 2. se[blank_start]wi[blank_end]ng 3. ho[blank_start]us[blank_end]e cleaning 4. gar[blank_start]de[blank_end]ning

1.4 Early Filipino Culture Literature 1. kas[blank_start]abih[blank_end]an or sa[blank_start]yin[blank_end]g - statements full of knowledge or wisdom, from experience of old folks 2. bugt[blank_start]ong[blank_end] or rid[blank_start]dle[blank_end]s - short puzzles 3. he[blank_start]le[blank_end] or lull[blank_start]abie[blank_end]s - induce child to sleep 4. ep[blank_start]ic[blank_end] - narrative about a legendary or historical hero 5. reve[blank_start]lries[blank_end] and other so[blank_start]ng[blank_end]s – used of celebrations *Epics 1. Hudh[blank_start]ud[blank_end] - about Ifugaos hero, Aliguyon 2. Biag ni Lam-[blank_start]ang[blank_end] - about Ilocanos hero, Lam-ang 3. Indarapat[blank_start]ra[blank_end] and Sulaym[blank_start]an[blank_end], about Muslim heros *Music instruments 1. ban[blank_start]sik[blank_end] - aetas 2. kudy[blank_start]api[blank_end] - Samar 3. timb[blank_start]ale[blank_end] or timbrel - Cebu 4. kutib[blank_start]eng[blank_end] - Ilocanos 5. kala[blank_start]leng[blank_end] - nose flute, Tinguians *Dances 1. war[blank_start]rio[blank_end]r dance - aetas 2. masca[blank_start]la[blank_end] - tagbanuas 3. kin[blank_start]no[blank_end]tan - ant’s dance, ilocanos 4. dandan[blank_start]soy[blank_end] - visayas 5. kumin[blank_start]tang[blank_end] - batangas *Mourning 1. magla[blank_start]he[blank_end] -  mourning of a dead man 2. moro[blank_start]tal[blank_end] - dead woman 3. larao - datu

1.5 Early Filipino Religions *** 1 - Early Folk Religion - ***  worship of nature, gods and goddesses • Bat[blank_start]hal[blank_end]a - supreme God • kata[blank_start]lon[blank_end]an - male native priest • bab[blank_start]ayl[blank_end]an - female native priest • pas[blank_start]iya[blank_end]m - 9th night after the death of a person, celebrated • Fo[blank_start]lk[blank_end] Christianity - mixed Christian and native beliefs, with the coming of Catholicism Nature worship: sun, moon, stars, rives, mountains, trees *Anito / Lesser Gods 1. Idian[blank_start]ale[blank_end] - god of farming 2. Apol[blank_start]aki[blank_end] - god of wars and battles 3. Sid[blank_start]apa[blank_end] - god of death 4. Balang[blank_start]aw[blank_end] - god of rainbow 5. Ag[blank_start]ni[blank_end] - god of fire 6. Lalah[blank_start]on[blank_end] - god of harvest *Evil creatures belief 1. as[blank_start]wan[blank_end]g - bat-like human monster 2. tik[blank_start]bala[blank_end]ng - giant horse like creature 3. la[blank_start]ma[blank_end]ng-lu[blank_start]pa[blank_end] - malevolent nature spirit *Magic & Witchcraft belief 1. mangku[blank_start]kula[blank_end]m - native witch 2. mamba[blank_start]bar[blank_end]ang - witch mutilating body parts 3. ag[blank_start]ima[blank_end]t or anting-anting – amulet to defend witch wagic 4. alb[blank_start]ula[blank_end]ryo - witch doctor 

1.5 Early Filipino Religions *** 2 - ISLAM  **** “To sur[blank_start]ren[blank_end]der to the [blank_start]will[blank_end] of G[blank_start]o[blank_end]d” • Muh[blank_start]amm[blank_end]ad the Prophet - founder • Mu[blank_start]sli[blank_end]m - follower of Islam • Al[blank_start]la[blank_end]h - one true God of Islam • T[blank_start]ua[blank_end]n Mash[blank_start]aik[blank_end]a – arrived in Sulu and spread Islam • Q[blank_start]ur[blank_end]’an - holy book of Islam • Mec[blank_start]ca[blank_end] - holiest city for Muslim, where prophet Muhammad was born • Kab[blank_start]ba[blank_end] - sacred shrine, black stone kissed by Muslim pilgrimage in Mecca • Jih[blank_start]ad[blank_end] - doing best in what a person does • Mos[blank_start]que[blank_end] - place where Muslim worship Allah • Im[blank_start]am[blank_end] - muslim priest *5 Pillars of faith of Islam 1. Pro[blank_start]fe[blank_end]ssion of F[blank_start]ai[blank_end]th or Sha[blank_start]hada[blank_end]h - says the profession 2. Pr[blank_start]aye[blank_end]r or S[blank_start]ala[blank_end]t - prays 5 times a day 3. Al[blank_start]msgiv[blank_end]ing or Z[blank_start]aka[blank_end]t - giving of alms and service to the poor/orphaned 4. Fas[blank_start]tin[blank_end]g or S[blank_start]aw[blank_end]n - not drinking & eating on Ramadan 5. Pil[blank_start]grima[blank_end]ge to M[blank_start]ecc[blank_end]a or H[blank_start]ajj[blank_end] - going to Mecca

1.6 Early Filipino Technologies • no[blank_start]ma[blank_end]d - never stays in on 1 place • arch[blank_start]aeo[blank_end]logist - studies the remains or relics of the olden times – H. [blank_start]Otley[blank_end] B[blank_start]ay[blank_end]er • anthro[blank_start]po[blank_end]logist - studies the culture and way of living of ancient people e- Robert F[blank_start]o[blank_end]x 1. Pa[blank_start]leo[blank_end]lithic Period  tools: rough st[blank_start]one[blank_end]s, tw[blank_start]ig[blank_end]s, animal b[blank_start]one[blank_end]s living: hu[blank_start]nti[blank_end]ng, gathering fr[blank_start]uit[blank_end]s 2. N[blank_start]eo[blank_end]lithic Period tools: pointed bam[blank_start]boo[blank_end]s, smooth and pointed st[blank_start]one[blank_end]s, animals living: fa[blank_start]rmi[blank_end]ng 3. Me[blank_start]ta[blank_end]l Age 3.1 Early Metal Age - t[blank_start]i[blank_end]n, jade, clay, seashells -> used in making jewelry 3.2 Advanced Metal Age -  tools: ir[blank_start]o[blank_end]n (sword, bow and arrows, knives, b[blank_start]o[blank_end]lo, ar[blank_start]a[blank_end]ro for cultiviating soil), j[blank_start]a[blank_end]de used for jewelry living: pot[blank_start]te[blank_end]ry, back-l[blank_start]oo[blank_end]m weaving

1.7 Commerce and Trade by the Early Filipinos Agri[blank_start]cultur[blank_end]e – main source of livelihood Ways of agriculture 1. Ti[blank_start]le[blank_end]d lands 2. Kain[blank_start]gin[blank_end] 3. Ter[blank_start]race[blank_end]d Planting Other Livelihood Activities 1. Poul[blank_start]try[blank_end] Raising 2. Fi[blank_start]shin[blank_end]g 3. Mi[blank_start]nin[blank_end]g 4. Lumb[blank_start]erin[blank_end]g 5. Sh[blank_start]ip[blank_end] Building 6. We[blank_start]avin[blank_end]g

1.7 Commerce and Trade by the Early Filipinos Bar[blank_start]ter[blank_end] system – mode of trade, exchanging goods and products without using mo[blank_start]ney[blank_end] Inter[blank_start]sea[blank_end] comme[blank_start]rce[blank_end] – using boats in carrying and delivering products Foreign Traders Products 1. Arabs – br[blank_start]ass[blank_end]ware, met[blank_start]al[blank_end]ware, ru[blank_start]g[blank_end]s, cera[blank_start]mic[blank_end]s 2. Chinese – j[blank_start]a[blank_end]rs, j[blank_start]a[blank_end]de, umbre[blank_start]lla[blank_end]s, mirr[blank_start]or[blank_end]s, g[blank_start]o[blank_end]ngs, porce[blank_start]lain[blank_end]s, text[blank_start]ile[blank_end]s 3. Japanese - 4. Orang Dampuans – from Indoch[blank_start]ina[blank_end] Penin[blank_start]sul[blank_end]a

1.7 Commerce and Trade by the Early Filipinos Foreign Traders influence 1. Arabs – Isl[blank_start]am[blank_end], Arabic alphabet & Nume[blank_start]ric[blank_end] System, Calen[blank_start]dar[blank_end] 2. Chinese – dishes - lump[blank_start]iya[blank_end], pans[blank_start]it[blank_end], siop[blank_start]ao[blank_end]; words – bih[blank_start]on[blank_end], kuy[blank_start]a[blank_end], misw[blank_start]a[blank_end], bila[blank_start]o[blank_end], ate; use of umb[blank_start]re[blank_end]lla and por[blank_start]ce[blank_end]lain Japanese – making Japanese farm implements, weap[blank_start]on[blank_end]s, jewe[blank_start]lr[blank_end]y

1.7 Commerce and Trade by the Early Filipinos Write: A = arabs, C = Chinese Islam = [blank_start]A[blank_end] jars = [blank_start]C[blank_end] brassware = [blank_start]A[blank_end] lumpiya = [blank_start]C[blank_end] miswa = [blank_start]C[blank_end] metalware = [blank_start]A[blank_end] rugs = [blank_start]A[blank_end] jade = [blank_start]C[blank_end] umbrellas = [blank_start]C[blank_end] mirrors = [blank_start]C[blank_end] Calendar = [blank_start]A[blank_end] bilao = [blank_start]C[blank_end] textiles = [blank_start]C[blank_end] ceramics = [blank_start]A[blank_end] porcelains = [blank_start]C[blank_end] gongs = [blank_start]C[blank_end]