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Music and Social Commitment - Apartheid in South Africa
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Criado por Laura Rossi
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Resumo de Recurso
Slide 1
"NON SI PUO' NON COMUNICARE"
Slide 2
MUSIC AND SOCIAL COMMITMENT
Slide 3
Which song is 'socially committed'?
Slide 4
GUESS
Can you think of a song which talks about a social problem?
Slide 5
Why is Music effective in Communication?
"Music imprints itself on the brain deeper than any other human experience," says neurologist Oliver Sacks.
“Music can evoke emotion, and emotion can bring with it memory”
Slide 6
Songs connect our brain hemispheres
Slide 7
Music interacts with our emotions! It can...
Be fun
Help you to relax
Make you dance
Cheer you up when you are sad
Help you memorise
Remind you of a situation
Make you melancholic
Give you energy to work
Slide 8
Music can be used to
communicate (from Latin, meaning "to share")
to unite people, motivate them in their political and cultural struggle.
It can be used to draw attention to a specific problem or situation.
The Power of Music
Rubrica: : Live Aid was a benefit concert held on 13 July 1985, a fundraising initiative for relief of the ongoing Ethiopian famine. The event was held simultaneously at Wembley Stadium in London (72,000 people) and JFK Stadium in Philadelphia (attended by about 100,000 people)
Slide 9
Back to the '80s
Slide 10
GUESS
Back in the '80s,
what social situation
had been causing lots of problems
to a large group of people?
Slide 11
A system of institutionalised racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa between 1948 and 1991. A policy that was embraced by the South African government shortly after the ascension of the National Party (NP) during the country's 1948 general elections.
Apartheid in South Africa
Slide 12
Apartheid allowed a ruling white minority to segregate, exploit and deliberately frighten the vast majority: Africans, mostly, but also Asians and Coloureds - people of mixed race.
The denial of fundamental human rights
Slide 13
The roots of Apartheid
South Africa was colonised by the Dutch and the English in the 17th century.
Over the following centuries, the white settlers used force to take control of the land and establish a system of domination over Africans who originally inhabited the region.
Though defeated by the British in a series of wars, the Boers (descendants from the Dutch) regained the upper hand upon the formation of the Union of South Africa, formed in 1910.
Rubrica: :
Slide 14
The Bantustan System
A Bantustan (also known as black state or simply homeland) was a territory set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa, as part of the policy of apartheid, for the purpose of concentrating the members of designated ethnic groups and creating autonomous nation states for them.
In 1936 the African and mixed race people lost the right to vote. In 1948, The National Party won the all-white elections.
In the 1960s, 3.5 million blacks were forced to leave their homes and resettled in designated native "homelands".
Slide 15
Apartheid sparked international and domestic opposition, resulting in some of the most influential global social movements of the 20th century.
It was the target of frequent condemnation in the United Nations, and brought about an extensive arms and trade embargo on South Africa.
Opposition to Apartheid
Slide 16
Music and Social Commitment
Among the opponents to the Apartheid South African system we find lots of R&B, hip hop, jazz and rock singers. Sun City is a protest song written by Steven Van Zandt (known as Little Steven) in 1985 and recorded by Artists United Against Apartheid to convey opposition to the South African policy of apartheid.
Slide 17
Why "Sun City"?
Sun City is a Vegas-style recreation center with glamorous hotels, gambling casinos, showrooms and spas, located in Bophuthatswana, one of South Africa's so-called "homeland" regions, where Zulus were relocated without their consent. It opened in 1979.
Rubrica: :
Slide 18
Artists United Against Apartheid (1985)
In efforts to legitimize the area, Sun City has offered vast sums to entertainers to perform there. The Sun City complex has become a symbol of the opulence that whites enjoy at the expense of the country's black natives.
The artists involved in the recording of the song "Sun City" declared that they would refuse any offer to perform at Sun City. The project involved Bono (U2), Bruce Springsteen, Bob Dylan, Run-DMC, Lou Reed, Miles Davis, Ringo Starr, Peter Gabriel and many others.
Slide 19
We're rockers and rappers united and strong
We're here to talk about South Africa,
We don't like what's going on.
It's time for some justice it's time for the truth
We've realized there's only one thing we can do
We gotta say I, I, I, I, I, I ain't gonna play sun city
Oh, no, no, no I, I, I, I, I, I, I ain't gonna play sun city
Relocation to phony homeland
Separation of Families I can't understand
23 million can't vote because they're black
We're stabbing our brothers and sisters in the back
Our government tells us we're doing all we can
Constructive engagemente is Ronald Reagan's plan
Meanwhile people are dying and giving up hope
Well this quiet diplomacy ain't nothing but a joke
It's time to accept our responsibility
Freedom is a privilege nobody rides for free
Look around the world baby it cannot be denied
Somebody tell me
why are we always on the wrong side
Bophuthatswana is far away
But we know it's in South Africa
no matter what they say
You can't buy me I don't care what you pay
Don't ask me sun city cause I ain't gonna play
SUN CITY by AUAA
Slide 20
GUESS
Can you think of an important
leader who fought against
Apartheid?
Have you seen the film "Invictus"?
Slide 21
Nelson Mandela
Invictus, by William Ernest Henley
Out of the night that covers me,
Black as the pit from pole to pole,
I thank whatever gods may be
For my unconquerable soul.
In the fell clutch of circumstance
I have not winced nor cried aloud.
Under the bludgeonings of chance
My head is bloody, but unbowed. (...)
I am the master of my fate,
I am the captain of my soul.
Slide 22
Nelson Mandela fought with the ANC (African National Congress) to give voting rights to black and mixed race Africans and, from the 1940s, to end Apartheid. The ANC originally attempted to use nonviolent protests to end apartheid, however, on 8 April 1960, the ANC was banned and forced to leave South Africa. After the ban, the ANC formed the Umkhonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation) to fight against apartheid utilizing guerrilla warfare and sabotage.
The National Party administration responded with repressive police state tactics, protracting sectarian violence that left thousands dead or in detention.
The Rivonia trial (1963-1964)
Slide 23
September '77
Port Elizabeth weather fine
It was business as usual
In police room 619
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Yihla Moja, Yihla Moja
The man is dead
The man is dead
When I try to sleep at night
I can only dream in red
The outside world is black and white
With only one colour dead
Biko by Peter Gabriel
Rubrica: : Stephen Bantu Biko (18 Dec 1946 – 12 Sept 1977) was a noted anti-apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960s and 1970s. A student leader, he later founded the Black Consciousness Movement which would empower and mobilize much of the urban black population. Since his death in police custody, he has been called a martyr of the anti-apartheid movement. He was famous for his slogan "black is beautiful", which he described as meaning: "man, you are okay as you are, begin to look upon yourself as a human being".
Slide 24
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Yihla Moja, Yihla Moja
The man is dead
The man is dead
You can blow out a candle
But you can't blow out a fire
Once the flames begin to catch
The wind will blow it higher
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Yihla Moja, Yihla Moja
The man is dead
The man is dead
And the eyes of the world are watching now
Biko by Peter Gabriel
Rubrica: : Scenes from the film Cry Freedom based on books by journalist Donald Woods. The film centres on the real-life events involving black activist Steve Biko and his friend Donald Woods.
Slide 25
Reconciliation and unification
"I'm proclaiming the message of One Team, One Country. Rugby in South Africa, once a symbol for division and exclusion, had engaged across the threshold of a new era of a united and reconciled nation"
Slide 26
Nelson Mandela's 70th Birthday Tribute
The Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute was a concert staged on 11 June 1988 at Wembley Stadium, London. The band called Simple Minds wrote and debuted the song ‘Mandela Day’ especially for the event.
It was broadcast to 67 countries and an audience of 600 million. Marking the forthcoming 70th birthday (18 July 1988) of the imprisoned anti-apartheid revolutionary Nelson Mandela, the concert was also referred to as Freedomfest, Free Nelson Mandela Concert and Mandela Day.
Slide 27
Between 1987 and 1993 the National Party entered into bilateral negotiations with the African National Congress, the leading anti-apartheid political movement, for ending segregation and introducing majority rule.
In 1990, prominent ANC leaders such as Nelson Mandela were released from detention.
Apartheid legislation was abolished in mid-1991, pending multiracial elections set for April 1994.
The end of Apartheid
Slide 28
Mandela Day (Simple Minds)
It was 25 years they take that man away
Now the freedom moves in closer every day
Wipe the tears down from your saddened eyes
They say Mandela's free so step outside
Oh oh oh oh Mandela day
Oh oh oh oh Mandela's free
It was 25 years ago this very day
Held behind four walls all through night and day
Still the children know the story of that man
And I know what's going on right through your land
Slide 29
Mandela Day (Simple Minds)
If the tears are flowing wipe them from your face
I can feel his heartbeat moving deep inside
It was 25 years they took that man away
And now the world come down say Nelson Mandela's free
Oh oh oh oh Mandela's free
The rising suns sets Mandela on his way
It's been 25 years around this very day
From the one outside to the ones inside we say
Oh oh oh oh Mandela's free
Oh oh oh set Mandela free
Na na na na Mandela day
Na na na na Mandela's free
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