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Chapter 1: The Night Sky

Description

The Universe at a Glance
Rachelle Sappington
Quiz by Rachelle Sappington, updated more than 1 year ago
Rachelle Sappington
Created by Rachelle Sappington about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Roughly how many Earths would fit inside the Sun?
Answer
  • 1
  • 100
  • 10,000
  • 1,000,000

Question 2

Question
In 1 second, light leaving Los Angeles reaches approximately as far as
Answer
  • San Francisco, about 500 km
  • London, roughly 10,000 km
  • the Moon, 384,000 km
  • Venus, 45,000,000 km from Earth at closest approach

Question 3

Question
If Earth rotated twice as fast as it currently does, but its motion around the Sun stayed the same, then
Answer
  • the night would be twice as long;
  • the night would be half as long
  • the year would be half as long
  • the length of the day would be unchanged

Question 4

Question
When a thin crescent of the Moon is visible just before sunrise, the Moon is in its
Answer
  • waxing phase
  • new phase
  • waning phase
  • quarter phase

Question 5

Question
If the Moon's orbit were a little longer, solar eclipses would be
Answer
  • more likely to be annular
  • more likely to be total
  • more frequent
  • unchanged in appearance

Question 6

Question
Relative to the stars, as seen from Earth, through roughly how many degrees, arc minutes, or arc seconds does the Moon move in 1 hour of time?
Answer
  • 10 degrees
  • 30 arc minutes
  • 1 arc minute

Question 7

Question
The Moon lies roughly 384,000 km from Earth, and the Sun lies 150,000,000 km away. If both have the same angular size as seen from Earth, roughly how many times larger than the Moon is the Sun?
Answer
  • 400
  • 40
  • 10
  • 4

Question 8

Question
The stars in a constellation are physically close to one another.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
The seasons are caused by the precession of Earth's axis.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
If the direction of Earth's rotation were reversed, the solar day would be shorter than it is now.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
The Moon does not rotate.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
A lunar eclipse can occur only during a full Moon.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
The angular diameter of an object is inversely proportional to its distance from the observer.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
Once proved, a theory can never be changed.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
The [blank_start]universe[blank_end] is the totality of all space, time, matter, and energy.
Answer
  • universe

Question 16

Question
[blank_start]Astronomy[blank_end] is the study of the universe.
Answer
  • Astronomy

Question 17

Question
Planet [blank_start]Earth[blank_end] orbits a star called the [blank_start]Sun[blank_end], near the edge of the [blank_start]Milky[blank_end] [blank_start]Way[blank_end] Galaxy, which is just one among billions of galaxies in the [blank_start]universe[blank_end].
Answer
  • Earth
  • Sun
  • Milky
  • Way
  • universe

Question 18

Question
Early observers grouped the thousands of stars visible to the naked eye into patterns called [blank_start]constellations[blank_end], which they imagined where attached to a vast celestial sphere centered on Earth.
Answer
  • constellations

Question 19

Question
A [blank_start]celestial[blank_end] [blank_start]sphere[blank_end] is an imaginary sphere surrounding Earth to which all objects in the sky were once considered to be attached.
Answer
  • celestial
  • sphere

Question 20

Question
[blank_start]Constellations[blank_end] have no physical significance, but are still used to label regions of the sky.
Answer
  • Constellations

Question 21

Question
The points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects the celestial sphere are called the north and south [blank_start]celestial[blank_end] [blank_start]poles[blank_end].
Answer
  • celestial
  • poles

Question 22

Question
The line where Earth's equatorial plane cuts the celestial sphere is the [blank_start]celestial[blank_end] [blank_start]equator[blank_end].
Answer
  • celestial
  • equator

Question 23

Question
The nightly motion of the stars across the sky is the result of Earth's [blank_start]rotation[blank_end] on it axis.
Answer
  • rotation

Question 24

Question
A [blank_start]rotation[blank_end] is the spinning motion of a body about on its axis.
Answer
  • rotation

Question 25

Question
The time from one noon to the next is called a [blank_start]solar[blank_end] day.
Answer
  • solar

Question 26

Question
The time between successive risings of any given star is one [blank_start]sidereal[blank_end] day.
Answer
  • sidereal

Question 27

Question
Because of Earth's [blank_start]revolution[blank_end] around the Sun, we see different stars at night at different times of the year, and the Sun appears to move relative to the stars.
Answer
  • revolution

Question 28

Question
The Sun's apparent yearly path around the celestial sphere (or the plane of Earth's orbit around the Sun) is called the [blank_start]ecliptic[blank_end].
Answer
  • ecliptic

Question 29

Question
We experience [blank_start]seasons[blank_end] because Earth's rotation axis is inclined to the ecliptic plane.
Answer
  • seasons

Question 30

Question
At the [blank_start]summer[blank_end] [blank_start]solstice[blank_end], the Sun is highest in the sky and the length of the day is greatest.
Answer
  • summer
  • solstice

Question 31

Question
At the vernal and autumnal [blank_start]equinoxes[blank_end], Earth's axis of rotation is perpendicular to the line joining Earth to the Sun, so day and night are of [blank_start]equal[blank_end] length.
Answer
  • equinoxes
  • equal

Question 32

Question
The interval of time from one vernal [blank_start]equinox[blank_end] to the next is one [blank_start]tropical[blank_end] year.
Answer
  • equinox
  • tropical

Question 33

Question
[blank_start]Precession[blank_end] is the slow "wobble" of Earth's axis due to the influence of the [blank_start]Moon[blank_end].
Answer
  • Precession
  • Rotation
  • Revolution
  • Moon
  • Sun

Question 34

Question
As a result of [blank_start]precession[blank_end], the [blank_start]sidereal[blank_end] year is slightly longer than the [blank_start]tropical[blank_end] year, and the constellations migrate around the calendar over the course of thousands of years.
Answer
  • rotation
  • precession
  • revolution
  • tropical
  • sidereal
  • tropical
  • sidereal

Question 35

Question
The [blank_start]Moon[blank_end] emits no light of its own, but instead shines by reflected sunlight.
Answer
  • Moon
  • North Star

Question 36

Question
As the Moon orbits Earth, we see [blank_start]lunar[blank_end] phases as the amount of the Moon's sunlit face visible to us varies.
Answer
  • lunar

Question 37

Question
At [blank_start]new[blank_end] Moon, the Moon and the Sun are in nearly the same part of the sky, and the [blank_start]sunlit[blank_end] side of the Moon is oriented away from us.
Answer
  • new
  • full
  • sunlit
  • dark

Question 38

Question
At [blank_start]full[blank_end] Moon, the Sun and Moon are in opposite directions, from our perspective.
Answer
  • new
  • full

Question 39

Question
The time taken for the Moon to complete one orbit relative to the stars is 1 [blank_start]sidereal[blank_end] month. The time needed for the Moon to complete one cycle of phases is 1 [blank_start]synodic[blank_end] month.
Answer
  • synodic
  • sidereal
  • synodic
  • sidereal

Question 40

Question
A [blank_start]lunar[blank_end] eclipse occurs when the Moon enters Earth's shadow.
Answer
  • solar
  • lunar
  • total
  • partial
  • annular

Question 41

Question
A [blank_start]solar[blank_end] eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun.
Answer
  • solar
  • lunar
  • total
  • partial
  • annular

Question 42

Question
An eclipse may be [blank_start]total[blank_end] if the body in question (Moon or Sun) is completely obscured, or [blank_start]partial[blank_end] if only a portion of the surface is affected.
Answer
  • solar
  • lunar
  • total
  • partial
  • annular
  • solar
  • lunar
  • total
  • partial
  • annular

Question 43

Question
If the Moon happens to be too far from Earth for its disk to completely hide the Sun, an [blank_start]annular[blank_end] eclipse occurs.
Answer
  • solar
  • lunar
  • total
  • partial
  • annular

Question 44

Question
Because the Moon's orbit around Earth is slightly inclined with respect to the [blank_start]ecliptic[blank_end], solar and lunar eclipses do not occur every [blank_start]month[blank_end].
Answer
  • ecliptic
  • month

Question 45

Question
The [blank_start]scientific[blank_end] [blank_start]method[blank_end] is a methodical approach employed by scientists to explore the universe around us in an objective manner.
Answer
  • scientific
  • method

Question 46

Question
A [blank_start]theory[blank_end] is a framework of ideas and assumptions used to explain some set of [blank_start]observations[blank_end] and construct theoretical models that make [blank_start]predictions[blank_end] about the real world. These predictions in turn are [blank_start]amenable[blank_end] to further observational [blank_start]testing[blank_end]. In this way, the theory expands and [blank_start]science[blank_end] advances.
Answer
  • theory
  • observations
  • predictions
  • amenable
  • testing
  • science

Question 47

Question
Observation, theory, and testing are the cornerstones of the [blank_start]scientific[blank_end] [blank_start]method[blank_end].
Answer
  • scientific
  • method
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