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Unit 6 Infectious Agents

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Quiz on Unit 6 Infectious Agents , created by Kimberly Mancuso on 09/01/2018.
Kimberly Mancuso
Quiz by Kimberly Mancuso, updated more than 1 year ago
Kimberly Mancuso
Created by Kimberly Mancuso almost 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following best describes bacteria?
Answer
  • one-celled organisms that occur alone or in chains
  • a strand of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coating
  • an organism which lives inside its host and feeds off of it

Question 2

Question
A student sets up a compost bin outdoors. Inside the bin, microorganisms convert the student's vegetable and paper scraps into rich fertilizer. Which of the following best describes the role that these microorganisms play in natural habitats?
Answer
  • The microorganisms are bacteria which help balance the numbers of producers and consumers.
  • The microorganisms are parasites which help keep nutrients cycling through the ecosystem through decomposition.
  • The microorganisms are bacteria which help keep nutrients cycling through the ecosystem through decomposition.
  • The microorganisms are viruses which function to convert solar energy into glucose.

Question 3

Question
A photograph of a virus is shown below. The projections on the surface of the virus allow the virus to:
Image:
Virus Png Fullpage (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • move inside a host cell
  • attach to a host cell
  • control a host cell's DNA
  • signal other viruses to infect a host cell

Question 4

Question
Cold sores are caused by herpes simplex type 1. A company that wants to develop antiviral drugs would need to research:
Answer
  • the method used by the virus to infect host cells
  • how closely herpes simplex virus type 1 is related to cold viruses
  • the rate at which the virus can divide
  • ways the herpes simplex virus type 1 is transmitted among humans

Question 5

Question
Fungi are not considered plants because they:
Answer
  • cannot produce their own food in the absence of chlorophyll
  • have roots & leaves and can produce their own food
  • are never green
  • do not produce flowers

Question 6

Question
Fungi grow best in:
Answer
  • cold & wet environments
  • dry & cold environments
  • moist and cold environments
  • moist and warm environments

Question 7

Question
Most of the genetic material contained in a bacterial cell is in the:
Answer
  • nucleus
  • ribosomes
  • single chromosome in the cytoplasm
  • endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Question
The thick gelatin capsule along with the slime layer that encases a bacterial cell help it to:
Answer
  • reproduce
  • find a host cell
  • break down decaying food
  • stick to surfaces

Question 9

Question
Which of the following is NOT a structural feature of bacteria?
Answer
  • membrane-bound nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  • cell wall
  • cell membrane

Question 10

Question
Most bacteria obtain their food by:
Answer
  • entering a host cell & destroying it
  • breaking down dead organisms and absorbing nutrients from their host
  • using chlorophyll to produce their own food
  • feeding on live organisms

Question 11

Question
Strep Throat, Anthrax, and Tetanus are examples of disease-causing bacteria called:
Answer
  • pathogens
  • fungi
  • parasites
  • saprophytes

Question 12

Question
A bacterial toxin found in food is called:
Answer
  • pathogen
  • penicillin
  • antibiotic
  • botulism

Question 13

Question
An active virus does which of the following?
Answer
  • helps the host cell replicate the DNA of the host cell
  • invades the host cell without destroying it
  • combines its DNA with that of the host cell
  • causes the host cell to make viral cells and destroys the host cell in the process

Question 14

Question
Some yogurt companies in the United States have started using probiotics in their yogurt products in order to promote digestive health. Probiotics are single-celled organisms that live in the intestines and aid in the reduction of gas, cramping, and diarrhea. Which microbe represents a probiotic?
Answer
  • bacteria
  • parasite
  • virus
  • fungi

Question 15

Question
One of the benefits derived from bacteria which live in the digestive system is:
Answer
  • they can harm the digestive systems without harming themselves
  • they have an unlimited supply of food
  • they can reproduce more easily
  • they can produce vitamin K which is necessary for blood clot formation

Question 16

Question
Which of the following organelle(s) do viruses lack?
Answer
  • a protein coating
  • genetic material
  • nucleus and cell membrane
  • none of the above

Question 17

Question
Which of the following is NOT a structural feature of bacteria?
Answer
  • membrane-bound nucleus
  • protective coating like a cell wall
  • cell membrane
  • cytoplasm

Question 18

Question
What organisms are responsible for creating holes in Swiss Cheese and giving yogurt its taste and texture?
Answer
  • algae
  • bacteria
  • protists
  • viruses

Question 19

Question
Medicine, enzymes, and cleansers are made from manufactured ____.
Answer
  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • algae
  • fungi

Question 20

Question
Which of the following is NOT an internal parasite?
Answer
  • ringworms
  • flatworms
  • tapeworms
  • heart worms

Question 21

Question
One main difference between a bacteria and a virus is that:
Answer
  • bacteria are many-celled organisms and viruses have only one cell
  • bacteria are living organisms while viruses are not
  • viruses can be harmful and bacteria are only helpful
  • bacteria can only function if they have a host cell to feed on, while viruses produce their own food

Question 22

Question
How does a virus use a host cell to replicate itself?
Answer
  • The virus attaches to the host cell and forces the host cell to replicate viral DNA.
  • It goes through a form of sexual reproduction with the host cell.
  • It goes through a form of asexual reproduction with the host cell.
  • The host cell attaches to the virus so that it can reproduce the virus.

Question 23

Question
Bioremediation is using microbes to clean up or remove toxins from the environment. Which description is an example of bioremediation?
Answer
  • When bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonia during the nitrogen cycle.
  • When bacteria are used to produce cheese and yogurt from milk.
  • When bacteria are used to remove jet fuel accidentally spilled in soil.
  • When bacteria are used to produce methane gas that generates electricity.

Question 24

Question
Some bacteria assist in the production of ___, which limit the growth of bacteria.
Answer
  • hyphae
  • antibiotics
  • parasites
  • pathogens

Question 25

Question
Schistosomiasis is a disease that occurs when eggs of small flatworms hatch inside the body. The worms can grow in many different tissues. How could schistosomiasis in the intestines interfere with normal body functions?
Answer
  • By causing painful rashes and swelling on the skin
  • By reducing the oxygen movement to cells in the body
  • By keeping the body from absorbing nutrients from food
  • By increasing the rate of cell metabolism in the body

Question 26

Question
Using the table, which diseases would spread more rapidly in a densely populated area?
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 02 01 At 12.45.55 Pm (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • tuberculosis & strep throat
  • lyme disease & botulism
  • botulism, strep throat, and tetanus
  • lyme disease, strep throat, & tuberculosis

Question 27

Question
Hand sanitizers with antibacterial agents are marketed as a way to prevent the spread of disease through hand contact. Is this a perfect solution to the problem?
Answer
  • No, the bacteria that survive the sanitizer reproduce to form additional resistant bacteria.
  • No, the ethyl alcohol in some sanitizers is an excellent germ killer
  • Yes, they are sold in small, portable containers to allow hand to be cleaned at any time.
  • Yes, people using hand sanitizers have slower regrowth of bacteria.

Question 28

Question
A certain virus causes people to catch colds and other infections more easily. Which body system does the virus affect?
Answer
  • circulatory
  • nervous
  • immune
  • digestive

Question 29

Question
A cold sore is an example of a latent virus because:
Answer
  • a latent virus cannot live very long in a host cell, so a cold sore only appears once
  • the viral DNA becomes a part of the cell, and the cold sore virus can become active again
  • a latent virus does not produce cold sores
  • the virus can be destroyed completely, never to show up again

Question 30

Question
Some bacteria are mixed with milk to make yogurt. These bacteria change the lactose in the milk into glucose, which then ferments into lactic acid. The lactic acid causes a protein in the milk to stick together, creating the gelatinous yogurt. The following graph shows the relative lactic acid production of different bacteria. Which of these is a logical conclusion based on the data?
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 01 30 At 8.06.07 Pm (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Bacteria 1 & 2 combine to make the largest amount of lactic acid and would be most effective at making yogurt
  • Bacterium 2 makes glucose but not lactic acid so it should not be used in making yogurt
  • Bacteria 1 & 3 combine to be most effective at breaking down the glucose needed to make yogurt
  • Bacterium 1 & 3 combine to be least effective at changing lactic acid into glucose and should not be used in making yogurt

Question 31

Question
Scientists discovered that some bacteria can be used to clean up oil spills. The following graph shows the results of a study where the oil-cleaning abilities of two groups of bacteria were compared. Which conclusion can be made from these data?
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 01 30 At 8.08.59 Pm (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Fertilizers decrease both the metabolic activity of the bacteria and the amount of oil that is cleaned up.
  • Fertilizers increase both the metabolic activity of the bacteria and the amount of oil that is cleaned up.
  • Fertilizers eliminate the bacteria and increase the absorption of oil.
  • Fertilizers do not affect the bacteria or the amount of oil that is cleaned up.

Question 32

Question
Sean is allergic to mold. Which of these describes how mold affects him?
Answer
  • He touches mold that burrows into his skin, causing swelling a rash.
  • Wind blows the mold into his eyes, causing blurry vision.
  • He inhales mold spores that irritate respiratory tissue, causing him to sneeze.
  • He eats food made from mold, causing an ulcer to develop in his stomach.

Question 33

Question
An example of a viral infection is:
Answer
  • ringworm
  • AIDS/HIV
  • Food Poisoning
  • Strep Throat

Question 34

Question
A student has the following symptoms of a cold: coughing, sneezing, headache, and sore throat. Which describes how the student contracted this cold?
Answer
  • She inhaled a virus, which traveled to the respiratory tissue and interfered with normal breathing function.
  • She touched an object covered with a bacterium, which penetrated her skin and traveled to her lungs through her blood system.
  • She ate food with a fungus in it, which traveled to major organs in her body.
  • She walked barefoot in soil containing a parasitic worm. The worm imbedded itself in her skin and sent toxin throughout her body.

Question 35

Question
How do viruses move from place to place?
Answer
  • They are airborne and are carried by wind so they are inhaled.
  • They move through tube-like structures as they are reproducing.
  • They move throughout structures called hyphae.
  • They do not move; the host cells come to the virus.

Question 36

Question
Study the table showing symptoms of four diseases affecting humans. Which statement about the diseases is true?
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 02 01 At 12.28.54 Pm (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • They are caused by different bacteria.
  • They are caused by viruses and fungi.
  • They all affect the same body system.
  • They are all caused by bacteria or viruses.

Question 37

Question
Which of the following represents the relationship between a parasitic worm and its host?
Answer
  • a human with a tapeworm in its digestive system
  • a human who has contracted chicken pox
  • a human who has contracted ringworm
  • a human with an upper respiratory infection

Question 38

Question
H. pylori is a bacterium that damages the mucous coating in the lining of the stomach and duodenum. A study compared the presence of H. pylori with the incidence of stomach ulcers in humans. The table shows the results of six groups of people who participated in the study. What is the MOST logical conclusion that can be made?
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 02 01 At 1.11.13 Pm (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • H. pylori infection provides protection from stomach ulcers
  • H. pylori infection and stomach ulcers are unrelated
  • Humans tested for the presence of H. pylori will develop stomach ulcers
  • The development of stomach ulcers in humans may be caused by H. pylori

Question 39

Question
Probiotics are bacteria that provide health benefits to humans when consumed. A researcher is studying the use of probiotic therapy in treating patients with diarrhea. She observed that probiotic bacteria treatment shortens the duration of diarrhea in children. What can be inferred from the researcher's work?
Answer
  • Probiotic therapy helps the body to make nutrients
  • Probiotic therapy is a more effective treatment for children
  • Probiotic therapy will reduce the duration of diarrhea in adults
  • Probiotic therapy will reduce dependence on all antibiotic drugs
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