12636098
Description
Quiz by Alannah McDonnell, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alannah McDonnell
almost 7 years ago
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Question 1
Question
Oxygen can be toxic
Answer
- True
- False
Question 2
Question
Which of theses are reasons that oxygen is essential?
Answer
-
Oxidation reactions
-
Generation of ATP (oxidative phosphorylation)
-
Detoxification reactions
-
Anaerobic glycolysis
-
Bio synthetic reactions
Question 3
Question
Why is oxygen classified as toxic?
Answer
-
When it accepts single electrons it is transformed into highly reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
-
When it accepts double electrons it is transformed into highly reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
-
When it accepts single electrons it is transformed into non-reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
-
It takes part in unnecessary reactions
Question 4
Question
What do oxygen radicals damage?
Answer
-
Cellular lipids
-
Proteins
-
DNA
-
Glucose
-
Starch
Question 5
Question
What are the major sources of primary ROS in the cell?
Answer
-
CoQ generates superoxide in ETC
-
Respiration in lungs
-
Oxidase, oxygenates and peroxidases
-
Ionizing radiation
-
Non-ionizing radiation
Question 6
Question
Where can evidence of free radical damage be seen?
Answer
-
>100 disease states
-
<100 disease states
-
>1000 disease states
Question 7
Question
Where is evidence of free radical damage in disease states described?
Answer
-
As primary cause of the disease
-
By enhancing complications
-
In the lumen of cells
Question 8
Question
Superoxide and the hydroxyl radical Initiate lipid peroxidation in..
Answer
-
Cellular membrane
-
Mitochondrial membrane
-
Nuclear membrane
-
ER membrane
Question 9
Question
Increase in membrane permeability due to radical-mediated damage leads to..
Answer
-
A further influx of ca2+
-
Repair of the mtiochondria
-
Ca2+ leaving the cell
-
Further escaping of radicals
Question 10
Question
Oxidation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA results in ...
Answer
-
Strand breaks
-
Various damages
-
RNOS
-
Influx of Ca2+
Question 11
Question
Disruption of the mitochondrial membrane may augment free radical damage
Answer
- True
- False
Question 12
Question
Oxygen derived free radicals are a minor source of DNA damage
Answer
- True
- False
Question 13
Question
The non-specific binding of Fe2+ to DNA...
Answer
-
facilitates localized production of the hydroxyl radical
-
Can attack the deoxyribose backbone
-
Can cause strand breaks
-
Will cause apoptosis
-
Can be protective
Question 14
Question
At high concentrations nitrogen combines with oxygen or superoxide to form reactive and toxic species which contain both N and O.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 15
Question
RNOS’s are implicated in ...
Answer
-
Neurodegenerative diseases
-
Chronic inflammatory diseases
-
Hay fever
-
Alcoholism
-
Hunger
Question 16
Question
What are some of the consequences of high concentrations of NO during inflammation?
Answer
-
Inhibition of enzymes
-
Mitochondrial lipid peroxidation
-
Inhibition of ETC and energy depletion
-
Single or double strand breaks in DNA
-
Modification of bases in DNA
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