Question 1
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Both Genus and species names are either ..
Question 2
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First letter of Genus is always
Question 3
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Species designation is always
Question 4
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Which name is never abbreviated
Question 5
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[blank_start]87%[blank_end] of Microorganisms are harmless
[blank_start]10%[blank_end] of Microorganisms are opportunistic
[blank_start]3%[blank_end] of Microorganisms are overtly pathogenic
Question 6
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Total microbial load [blank_start]>10.13[blank_end] microbial cells in the body vs. [blank_start]10.13[blank_end] body cells
Answer
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>10.13
-
>10.12
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10.13
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10.14
Question 7
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Robert Hooke (1665) was the first person to
Question 8
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Joseph Lister (1870) was the first person to...
Question 9
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Antoni Van Leeuwinhoek was the first person to...
Question 10
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Robert Hooke was the first person to [blank_start]describe a cell[blank_end]
Joseph Lister was the first person to [blank_start]develop antisepsis[blank_end]
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was the first person to [blank_start]describe a bacterium[blank_end]
Answer
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describe a cell
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develop antisepsis
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develop antisepsis
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describe a bacterium
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describe a bacterium
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describe a cell
Question 11
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Ignaz Semmelweis was the first to...
Question 12
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Select the two correct answers
Answer
-
Louis Pasteur was the first person to disprove abiogenesis
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Louis Pasteur was the first person to discover pasteurisation
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Louis Pasteur was the first person to apply hand washing in clinical practice
Question 13
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Robert Koch was the first to study the following two diseases..
Answer
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Anthrax
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Tubercolosis
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Chlamidia
Question 14
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Robert Koch found the
Question 15
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Robert Koch contributed towards staining methods for microbes
Question 16
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Kochs postulates (germ theory of disease)
1. Specific causative agent must [blank_start]be found in every case of disease[blank_end]
2. Disease organism must [blank_start]be isolated in pure culture[blank_end]
3. Innoculation of culture sample into healthy animal must [blank_start]produce same disease[blank_end]
4. Disease organism must [blank_start]be recovered from animal[blank_end]
Question 17
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Select the three domains of life
Answer
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Eubacteria
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Fungi
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Archaea
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Algae
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Protozoa
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Eucarya
Question 18
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What are the two aspects of Eubacteria
Question 19
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Select which is classified as Eucarya
Answer
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Algae, Fungi, Cyanobacteria, Plants, Animals
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Plants, Animals, Thermophiles, Algae, Fungi
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Protozoa, Algae, Fungi, Plants, Animals
Question 20
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Archaea and Bacteria are
Question 21
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Fungi, Protozoa and Fungi are
Question 22
Question 23
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Fungi have a cell wall
Question 24
Answer
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Unicellular
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Multicellular
Question 25
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Moulds reproduce
Answer
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Sexually and Asexually
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Budding
Question 26
Answer
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Unicellular
-
Multicellular
Question 27
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Yeasts reproduce by
Answer
-
budding
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sexual reproduction
Question 28
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Bacteria have a nuclei
Question 29
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A virus which infects a bacteria is called a Bacteriophage
Question 30
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Peptidoglycan is found in Prokaryotes cell wall (Bacteria/Eubacteria)
Question 31
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Prokaryotes do not reproduce by binary fission
Question 32
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Eukaryotes reproduce by meiosis/meitosis
Question 33
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Endospores are not a survival mechanism by Prokaryotes
Question 34
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Plasmids are small, enclosed, transferable pieces of DNA
Question 35
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Bacteria contain plasmids
Question 36
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Gram stain positive bacteria have a [blank_start]thick[blank_end] cell wall layer of peptidoglycan and teichoic acid and [blank_start]lipoteichoic[blank_end] acid
Answer
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thick
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thin
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lipoteichoic
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lipopolysaccharide
Question 37
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Gram Negative bacteria have an outer membrane called [blank_start]lipopolysaccharide[blank_end]
Answer
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lipopolysaccharide
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lipoteichoic
Question 38
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Select the two different types of Glycocalyx
Answer
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slime
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capsules
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capsid
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lipopolysaccharide
Question 39
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Flagella are for [blank_start]motility[blank_end] only
Fimbriae are for [blank_start]adherence[blank_end] only
Pili is for [blank_start]conjugation[blank_end] and adherence
Answer
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motility
-
adherence
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adherence
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motility
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conjugation
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motility
Question 40
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Describe this polar distribution of bacterial flagella
Answer
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Monotrichous
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Iophotrichous
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Amphitrichous
Question 41
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Describe this polar distribution of bacterial flagella
Answer
-
Monotrichous
-
Iophotrichous
-
Amphitrichous
Question 42
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Describe this polar distribution of bacterial flagella
Answer
-
Amphitrichous
-
Iophotrichous
-
Monotrichous
Question 43
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What is the purpose of Bacterial Sporulation?
Question 44
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Bacteria reproduce by a process called
Question 45
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Binary Fission is a
Answer
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Asexual process
-
Sexual process
Question 46
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Binary Fission is a process of when
Question 47
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The bacterial growth stages comprises of the [blank_start]lag[blank_end] phase to begin with, then the [blank_start]exponential[blank_end] phase, then the [blank_start]stationary[blank_end] phase, followed by the [blank_start]death/decline[blank_end] stage
Answer
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lag
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exponential
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exponential
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stationary
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stationary
-
exponential
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death/decline
-
stationary
Question 48
Question
There are many different atmospheric conditions for Bacteria such as:
[blank_start]Obligate Aerobe[blank_end] - which oxygen is essential for growth
[blank_start]Microaerophiles[blank_end] - low levels of oxygen is required
[blank_start]Obligate Anaerobes[blank_end] - will only grow in complete absence of Oxygen
[blank_start]Facultative Anaerobes[blank_end] - able to grow with or without Oxygen
[blank_start]Carboxyphiles[blank_end] - grow best with increased presence of CO2
Answer
-
Obligate Aerobe
-
Microaerophiles
-
Microaerophiles
-
Obligate Aerobe
-
Obligate Anaerobes
-
Facultative Anaerobes
-
Facultative Anaerobes
-
Carboxyphiles
-
Carboxyphiles
-
Obligate Aerobe
Question 49
Question
Temperature preferences:
[blank_start]Psychrophiles[blank_end] - Growth temp. 0 - 20 degrees
[blank_start]Mesophiles[blank_end] - Growth temp. 10 - 45 degrees
[blank_start]Thermophiles[blank_end] - Growth temp. 45 - 85 degrees
Answer
-
Psychrophiles
-
Mesophiles
-
Thermophiles
Question 50
Question
The breakdown and formation of ATP is mediated by the oxidation-redoxation(redox) reactions:
[blank_start]Oxidation[blank_end] - Electrons loss
[blank_start]Reductions[blank_end] - Electrons gain
Question 51
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Fermentation produces low ATP
Question 52
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Respiration produces lots of ATP
Question 53
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Host microbes relationship:
[blank_start]Mutualism[blank_end] - where both members benefit
[blank_start]Commensalism[blank_end] - where one member benefits without harming the other
[blank_start]Parasitism[blank_end] - relationship where one member is harmed for the other members gain
Answer
-
Mutualism
-
Commensalism
-
Parasitism
Question 54
Question
Stages of Infectious disease:
[blank_start]Incubation period[blank_end] - No symptoms
[blank_start]Prodromal phase[blank_end] - Mild symptoms
[blank_start]Invasive phase[blank_end] - Identifiable disease with dramatic microbial increase
[blank_start]Decline phase[blank_end] - Reduction of microbes
[blank_start]Convalescence[blank_end] - Recovery
Answer
-
Incubation period
-
Prodromal phase
-
Invasive phase
-
Decline phase
-
Convalescence
Question 55
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Endotoxin and Exotoxins are toxic substances secreted by bacteria and released outside the cell
Question 56
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Exotoxins are a toxin primarily produced by
Answer
-
Gram-positive bacteria
-
Gram-negative bacteria
Question 57
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Endotoxins are toxins that are primarily produced by
Answer
-
Gram-negative bacteria
-
Gram-positive bacteria
Question 58
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Exotoxins are produced when the
Question 59
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Endotoxins are produced when the
Question 60
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Haemolysins are lipids and proteins that cause lysis of red blood cells by destroying their cell membrane.
Question 61
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Alpha is a type of Haemolysin which is non-haemolytic
Question 62
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The three types of Haemolysins are:
[blank_start]Alpha[blank_end] - Partial lysis of RBC, grey/green colour
[blank_start]Beta[blank_end] - completely clear zone around colonies
[blank_start]Gamma[blank_end] - Non-haemolytic
Question 63
Question
Haemolysin which causes partial lysis of RBC is called
Question 64
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Haemolysin which causes complete lysis of RBC is called
Question 65
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Non-Haemolysin of lysis to RBC is called
Question 66
Question
Microbial Biofilms consist of
Answer
-
microbes, cell debris and extra-cellular matrix
-
microbes, capsules and extra-cellular matrix
Question 67
Question
Iris diaphragm and condenser control light on a microscope
Question 68
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Contrast can be increased by closing the condenser diaphragm on a microscope
Question 69
Question
Select the Four principle shapes of Bacteria
Answer
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Rods/Bacillus
-
Coccus
-
Spirals
-
Vibrio/Comma
-
Chains
-
Clusters
Question 70
Question
[blank_start]Selective media[blank_end] only allow certain bacteria to grow while inhibiting others.
[blank_start]Differential media[blank_end] contain substances that will allow different bacteria to be distinguished from each other
Answer
-
Selective media
-
Differential media
Question 71
Question
- [blank_start]Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)[blank_end] is selective for Staphylococci - high salt concentration.
- [blank_start]MacConkey agar[blank_end] is a selective and differential culture medium for bacteria designed to selectively isolate Gram-negative and enteric bacilli and differentiate them based on lactose fermentation
Answer
-
Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)
-
MacConkey agar
Question 72
Question
Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is selective for Staphylococci - high salt concentration.