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Lect 4 -Concepts and terminology

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Quiz on Concepts and terminology, created by Alannah McDonnell on 22/03/2018.
Alannah McDonnell
Quiz by Alannah McDonnell, updated more than 1 year ago
Alannah McDonnell
Created by Alannah McDonnell almost 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Flow rate is how much [blank_start]urine[blank_end] you are [blank_start]producing[blank_end] per unit of [blank_start]time[blank_end]
Answer
  • urine
  • urea
  • time
  • distance
  • producing
  • consuming
  • voiding

Question 2

Question
GFR is the amount of [blank_start]fluid[blank_end] going into [blank_start]bowmans capsule[blank_end] per unit of [blank_start]time[blank_end]
Answer
  • fluid
  • blood
  • bowmans capsule
  • the nephron
  • time
  • flow

Question 3

Question
what is normal glomerular flow rate?
Answer
  • 100-130ml/min
  • 500-600ml/min
  • 200-300ml/min

Question 4

Question
Filtered load is the same as
Answer
  • tubular load
  • GFR
  • Plasma concentration of a solute
  • electrolytes

Question 5

Question
[blank_start]Filtered load[blank_end] / tubular load is the [blank_start]amount of a specific solute[blank_end] ([blank_start]electrolyte, glucose or amino acid[blank_end]) entering [blank_start]bowman's capsule[blank_end].
Answer
  • Filtered load
  • amount of a specific solute
  • electrolyte, glucose or amino acid
  • electrolyte, carbohydrate or protein
  • salt
  • bowman's capsule
  • the kidney
  • the nephron

Question 6

Question
Filtered Load can be calculated from [blank_start]GFR[blank_end] and [blank_start]Plasma concentration of solute[blank_end]
Answer
  • GFR
  • blood flow
  • Plasma concentration of solute
  • blood concentration of solute
  • amount of urine produced

Question 7

Question
Inulin is....
Answer
  • freely filtered
  • not metabolised
  • not reabsorbed
  • not secreted

Question 8

Question
Inulin The excretion rate = ...
Answer
  • excretion rate
  • filtration rate
  • absorption rate
  • consumption rate

Question 9

Question
PAH is ...
Answer
  • freely filtered
  • not metabolised
  • not reabsorbed
  • freely secreted

Question 10

Question
What does clearance less than 125ml/min indicate?
Answer
  • reabsorption
  • secretion

Question 11

Question
What does clearance more than 125ml/min indicate?
Answer
  • secretion
  • absorption

Question 12

Question
What can be used to experimentally measure GFR?
Answer
  • Inulin
  • glucose
  • PAH
  • calcium

Question 13

Question
What is elevated Pcr an indicator of?
Answer
  • reduced GFR
  • increased GFR
  • non changing GFR

Question 14

Question
Threshold is....
Answer
  • appearance of solute in urine before you reach the overall Transport maximum of the kidney
  • the plasma concentration at which a substance begins to appear in the urine
  • the tiny amount of solute appearing in urine when a single nephron reaches its maximum
  • the total transport maximum through out all of the nephrons in the kidney

Question 15

Question
what is transport maximum?
Answer
  • the total transport maximum through out all of the nephrons in the kidney
  • The point at which an amount of solute appears in urine when nephrons reaches its maximum
  • the plasma concentration at which a substance begins to appear in the urine
  • appearance of solute in urine before you reach the overall threshold of the kidney
  • The maximum rate of the solute shuttling done by transporters

Question 16

Question
How can renal function be measured?
Answer
  • imaging techniques
  • renal clearance

Question 17

Question
The [blank_start]renal[blank_end] clearance value of a certain substance is the [blank_start]volume of plasma[blank_end] which is [blank_start]cleared of this substance[blank_end] by the kidney into urine [blank_start]/ min[blank_end].
Answer
  • renal
  • volume of plasma
  • volume of urine
  • cleared of this substance
  • / min

Question 18

Question
What do we need to know to measure renal clearance?
Answer
  • volume of urine / min
  • concentration of the substance mg/ml urine
  • concentration of the substance mg/ml plasma
  • concentration of the substance mg/ml blood
  • volume of substrate / min

Question 19

Question
What properties does a substance used in a plasma clearance test have?
Answer
  • does not enter RBCs
  • does not affect normal renal function
  • should not be metabolized by the kidney
  • should be easily measured in plasma & urine
  • should be non toxic
  • should be easy to consume

Question 20

Question
What do we use renal clearance for?
Answer
  • measurement of GFR
  • measurement of the renal plasma flow rate
  • determining the renal handling of the different substances; whether or not the substance is reabsorbed or secreted by the renal tubules

Question 21

Question
What is the rate-limiting step in the tubular transport of glucose?
Answer
  • Na-glucose symport
  • glucose uniporter
  • glucose reabsorption
  • ca- glucose symport

Question 22

Question
The plasma leaving the kidney through the renal veins lacks .....
Answer
  • the substances that are eliminated in the urine
  • proteins
  • plasma
  • the substances that are not eliminated in the urine

Question 23

Question
What is creatinine?
Answer
  • the end product of creatine metabolism
  • the end product of creatinine metabolism
  • a phospholipid
  • dumped into the blood by smooth muscle

Question 24

Question
Creatinine is continuously dumped into the blood by....
Answer
  • smooth muscle
  • skeletal muscle
  • cardiac muscle

Question 25

Question
the rate of creatinine appearance in blood is proportional to a person's ....
Answer
  • muscle mass
  • fat mass
  • urine excretion
  • blood

Question 26

Question
Creatinine is....
Answer
  • freely filtered
  • not reabsorbed
  • reabsorbed
  • not freely filtered

Question 27

Question
how much creatinine is secreted by the proximal tubule?
Answer
  • 10-20%
  • 40-50%
  • 70-80%
  • 85-100%

Question 28

Question
There is a ______________ between plasma creatinine concentration and GFR.
Answer
  • inverse correlation
  • indirect correlation
  • direct relationship
  • direct correlation

Question 29

Question
What is the most common method used for routine GFR assessments?
Answer
  • creatinine clearance
  • inulin clearance
  • PAH clearance
  • Plasma clearance

Question 30

Question
If there are more solutes present than can be transported, the solutes will end up...
Answer
  • In urine
  • Reabsorbed
  • In the blood stream
  • Excreted in faeces

Question 31

Question
Renal clearance is comparison of [blank_start]filtration[blank_end] rate of a substance to the rate of it's appearance in the [blank_start]urine[blank_end] i.e. Amount [blank_start]filtered[blank_end] vs amount [blank_start]excreted[blank_end]. It gives info on [blank_start]re-absorption[blank_end] and [blank_start]secretion[blank_end]
Answer
  • filtration
  • urine
  • urea
  • blood
  • filtered
  • excreted
  • re-absorption
  • secretion

Question 32

Question
What percentage of clearance?
Image:
Untitled (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • A= ?% B=?% C=0% D=100%
  • A= 0% B=50% C=0% D=100%
  • A= 100% B=0% C=?% D=?%
  • A= 25% B=25% C=25% D=25%

Question 33

Question
Renal clearance principle is based on the principle of [blank_start]mass[blank_end] [blank_start]balance[blank_end]. Input of X is [blank_start]equal to[blank_end] output of X
Answer
  • mass
  • balance
  • equal to
  • more than
  • less than
  • pressure

Question 34

Question
fill in the formula
Image:
Untitled (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • C
  • U
  • V
  • P

Question 35

Question
Tm for PAH secretory mechanism ~80mg/ml. PPAH [blank_start]<[blank_end] 80mg/ml = good estimation of RPF PPAH [blank_start]>[blank_end] 80mg/ml = poor estimation of RPF At [blank_start]low[blank_end] [blank_start]PPAH[blank_end]: [blank_start]PAH[blank_end] clearance [blank_start]=[blank_end] RPF
Answer
  • <
  • >
  • =
  • low
  • high
  • PPAH
  • PAH

Question 36

Question
Clearance units are [blank_start]volume[blank_end] per [blank_start]time[blank_end]
Answer
  • volume
  • time
  • distance
  • meter
  • second
  • pressure
  • flow

Question 37

Question
Clearance is not the amount of the [blank_start]substance removed[blank_end] but instead the volume of [blank_start]plasma from which it was removed[blank_end].
Answer
  • substance removed
  • plasma from which it was removed

Question 38

Question
PAH is an abbreviation of ...
Answer
  • para-aminohippurate
  • pilo-acidic-hormone
  • pregacilohinutrate
  • primary acid hilute
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