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EMT 22

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EMT-B EMT Quiz on EMT 22, created by Seth Weaver on 12/06/2018.
Seth Weaver
Quiz by Seth Weaver, updated more than 1 year ago
Seth Weaver
Created by Seth Weaver over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12′ from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain?
Answer
  • lateral impact to the spine
  • energy transmission to the spine
  • direct trauma to the spinal column
  • secondary fall after the initial impact

Question 2

Question
A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:
Answer
  • stabilize her entire spine.
  • obtain baseline vital signs.
  • inspect the helmet for cracks.
  • leave her bicycle helmet on.

Question 3

Question
A 30-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the neck when he was attacked outside a nightclub. During your assessment, you should be MOST alert for:
Answer
  • injury to the cervical spine.
  • potential airway compromise.
  • damage to internal structures.
  • alterations in his mental status.

Question 4

Question
A 40-year-old unrestrained female impacted the steering wheel of her vehicle with her chest when she hit a tree while traveling at 45 mph. She is conscious and alert, but is experiencing significant chest pain and shortness of breath. Which of the following injuries did this patient likely NOT experience?
Answer
  • head injury
  • cardiac contusion
  • pulmonary contusion
  • multiple rib fractures

Question 5

Question
A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:
Answer
  • is wearing only a lap belt.
  • remains within the vehicle.
  • experiences multiple impacts.
  • is ejected or partially ejected.

Question 6

Question
A small compact car was involved in a rollover crash. As you are approaching the vehicle, you note that the roof is significantly collapsed. The patient, a 29-year-old male, is complaining of severe pain in his neck and to the top of his head as well as numbness and tingling in his extremities. Witnesses who removed the patient from the vehicle state that he was wearing his seatbelt. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for this patient's condition
Answer
  • lateral bending of the neck during the crash
  • compression of the head against the roof
  • impact of the head against the steering wheel
  • whiplash injury to the neck during the rollover

Question 7

Question
A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation with a rival gang member. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then:
Answer
  • apply a cervical collar.
  • obtain baseline vital signs.
  • auscultate bowel sounds.
  • assess for an exit wound.

Question 8

Question
According to the American College of Surgeons, an adult trauma patient meets Level I criteria if he or she:
Answer
  • was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another patient in the same vehicle was killed.
  • has a systolic blood pressure of less than 110 mm Hg or a heart rate greater than 110 beats/min.
  • has a bleeding disorder or takes anticoagulant medications and has any blunt or penetrating injury.
  • has a GCS score of less than or equal to 8 with a mechanism attributed to trauma.

Question 9

Question
According to the Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS), you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if:
Answer
  • traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome.
  • ground transport will take your ambulance out of service for an extended period of time, regardless of the severity of the patient's injuries.
  • the patient requires advanced life support care and stabilization, and the nearest ALS-ground ambulance is more than 5 to 10 minutes away.
  • he or she was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another occupant in the same vehicle was killed, even if your patient's injuries are minor.

Question 10

Question
Air bags are designed to:
Answer
  • prevent a second collision inside the car.
  • be used with or without a shoulder harness.
  • decrease the severity of deceleration injuries.
  • prevent the driver from sustaining head trauma.

Question 11

Question
Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:
Answer
  • frontal collisions.
  • lateral collisions.
  • rollover collisions.
  • rear-end collisions.

Question 12

Question
By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?
Answer
  • Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy; the potential energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.
  • Potential energy is created as the person is falling; the potential energy is then converted into kinetic energy upon impact.
  • As the person falls, the amount of kinetic energy is converted into work; work is then converted to kinetic energy upon impact.
  • Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

Question 13

Question
During your assessment of a patient who experienced a blast injury, you note that he has a depressed area to the front of his skull. This injury MOST likely occurred:
Answer
  • during the tertiary phase.
  • during the secondary phase.
  • during the primary phase.
  • as a direct result of the pressure wave.

Question 14

Question
During your assessment of a patient with a head injury, you note that he opens his eyes when you pinch his trapezius muscle, is mumbling, and has his arms curled in toward his chest. You should assign him a GCS score of:
Answer
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.

Question 15

Question
Evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the EMT to:
Answer
  • determine the vehicle's speed at the time of impact.
  • assess the severity of the third collision of the crash.
  • recognize if the driver hit the brakes before impact.
  • identify contact points and predict potential injuries.

Question 16

Question
Factors that should be considered when assessing a patient who has fallen include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Answer
  • the speed of the fall.
  • the surface struck.
  • the height of the fall.
  • the primary impact point.

Question 17

Question
Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:
Answer
  • spinal cord injury.
  • airway compromise.
  • intracranial bleeding.
  • a fracture of the skull.

Question 18

Question
Force acting over a distance defines the concept of:
Answer
  • work.
  • latent energy.
  • kinetic energy.
  • potential energy.

Question 19

Question
If a person is standing near a building that explodes, which of the following injuries would he or she MOST likely experience as a result of the pressure wave?
Answer
  • severe burns
  • fractured bones
  • stomach rupture
  • impaled objects

Question 20

Question
If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:
Answer
  • suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.
  • transport the survivors only if they have injuries or complain of pain.
  • allow the survivors to refuse transport if they have no obvious injuries.
  • rapidly assess only the survivors who have experienced obvious trauma.

Question 21

Question
In contrast to a Level III trauma center, a Level I trauma center must:
Answer
  • be involved in trauma prevention programs.
  • have general surgeons that are in-house 24 hours a day.
  • have access to an emergency physician within 30 minutes.
  • be able to stabilize patients before transferring to a higher level facility.

Question 22

Question
Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because:
Answer
  • the caliber of the bullet is frequently unknown.
  • the area of damage is usually smaller than the bullet.
  • the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body.
  • exit wounds caused by the bullet are usually small.

Question 23

Question
Passengers who are seated in the rear of a vehicle and are wearing only lap belts have a higher incidence of injuries to the:
Answer
  • thoracic and sacral spine.
  • lumbar and coccygeal spine.
  • thoracic and lumbar spine.
  • lumbar and sacral spine.

Question 24

Question
Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:
Answer
  • vomiting blood.
  • coughing up blood.
  • an irregular pulse.
  • multiple rib fractures.

Question 25

Question
The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:
Answer
  • headrest is appropriately positioned.
  • air bag correctly deploys upon impact.
  • patient tenses up at the time of impact.
  • rear end of the vehicle is initially struck.

Question 26

Question
The driver of a sport utility vehicle lost control and struck a utility pole head-on. The driver was killed instantly. The passenger, a young female, is conscious and alert and has several small abrasions and lacerations to her left forearm. Treatment for the passenger should include:
Answer
  • transport to a trauma center.
  • a focused exam of her forearm.
  • transport to a community hospital.
  • a secondary assessment at the scene.

Question 27

Question
The energy of a moving object is called:
Answer
  • latent energy.
  • kinetic energy.
  • potential energy.
  • converted energy.

Question 28

Question
The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:
Answer
  • the way in which traumatic injuries occur.
  • a predictable pattern that leads to serious injuries.
  • your concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.
  • the detection of less obvious life-threatening injuries.

Question 29

Question
The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:
Answer
  • capitation.
  • cavitation.
  • congruent.
  • conversion.

Question 30

Question
Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are:
Answer
  • falls and motor vehicle collisions.
  • low-caliber gunshot wounds and falls.
  • gunshot wounds and vehicle ejections.
  • motor vehicle collisions and stabbings.

Question 31

Question
What types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?
Answer
  • lateral and rollover
  • frontal and rotational
  • Rear-end and rotational
  • rotational and rollover

Question 32

Question
When a driver is in a car equipped with an air bag, but is not wearing a seatbelt, he or she will MOST likely strike the __________ when the air bag deploys upon impact.
Answer
  • door
  • dashboard
  • windshield
  • steering wheel

Question 33

Question
When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant:
Answer
  • will most likely be thrown over the steering column.
  • remains in motion until acted upon by an external force.
  • will decelerate at the same rate as the motor vehicle.
  • is thrust under the steering column onto the floorboard.

Question 34

Question
When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:
Answer
  • secondary blast injuries are usually the least obvious.
  • primary blast injuries are typically the most obvious.
  • solid organs usually rupture from the pressure wave.
  • primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked.

Question 35

Question
When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that:
Answer
  • osteoporosis can cause a fracture that may have resulted in the fall.
  • any fall in the elderly is considered to be high-energy trauma.
  • elderly patients who fall usually have a secondary head injury.
  • bilateral hip fractures usually occur when an elderly person falls.

Question 36

Question
When assessing the interior of a crashed motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the:
Answer
  • index of suspicion.
  • mechanism of injury.
  • kinetic energy.
  • potential energy.

Question 37

Question
When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, it is MOST important to:
Answer
  • realize that the air bag malfunctioned at the time of impact.
  • remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.
  • suspect that the patient may have experienced serious injuries.
  • recognize that the force of impact was most likely not severe.

Question 38

Question
When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car versus pedestrian collision, you should first:
Answer
  • approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian.
  • determine if the patient was propelled away from the vehicle.
  • evaluate the vehicle that struck the patient for structural damage.
  • determine if the patient was struck and pulled under the vehicle.

Question 39

Question
When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:
Answer
  • doubles.
  • triples.
  • quadruples.
  • is not affected.

Question 40

Question
When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should:
Answer
  • use a demand valve to ventilate the patient.
  • suspect an accompanying cardiac tamponade.
  • avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure.
  • administer large amounts of intravenous fluid.

Question 41

Question
Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?
Answer
  • dismounted seats
  • steering wheel deformity
  • intrusion into the vehicle
  • deployment of the air bag

Question 42

Question
Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?
Answer
  • flail chest
  • aortic rupture
  • extremity fractures
  • forehead lacerations

Question 43

Question
Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?
Answer
  • intravenous fluid administration
  • early administration of oxygen
  • elevation of the lower extremities
  • rapid transport to a trauma center

Question 44

Question
Which of the following patients has experienced the MOST significant fall?
Answer
  • a 4′8″ patient who fell 13′
  • 5′0″ patient who fell 13′
  • 4′6″ patient who fell 13'
  • a 5′9″ patient who fell 14′

Question 45

Question
Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct?
Answer
  • High-velocity bullets will cause less severe internal injuries.
  • The size of a bullet has the greatest impact on producing injury.
  • Low-velocity bullets will cause the greatest amount of trauma.
  • The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on producing injury.

Question 46

Question
Which of the following statements regarding low-energy penetrating injuries is correct?
Answer
  • Internal injuries caused by low-velocity bullets are usually easy to predict.
  • Exit wounds are typically easy to locate with low-energy penetrating injuries.
  • It is usually easy to differentiate between an entrance wound and an exit wound.
  • The area of injury is usually close to the path the object took through the body.

Question 47

Question
Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?
Answer
  • collapsed dashboard
  • deformed steering wheel
  • caved-in passenger door
  • ntrathoracic hemorrhage

Question 48

Question
While assessing a young male who was struck in the chest with a steel pipe, you note that his pulse is irregular. You should be MOST suspicious for:
Answer
  • underlying cardiac disease.
  • a lacerated coronary artery.
  • bruising of the heart muscle.
  • traumatic rupture of the aorta.

Question 49

Question
While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced:
Answer
  • open abdominal trauma
  • neck and facial injuries.
  • blunt trauma to the head.
  • lower extremity fractures.

Question 50

Question
With regard to the three collisions that occur during a motor vehicle crash, which of the following statements regarding the first collision is correct?
Answer
  • It provides the least amount of information about the mechanism of injury.
  • It has a direct effect on patient care because of the obvious vehicular damage.
  • t is the most dramatic part of the collision and may make extrication difficult.
  • It occurs when the unrestrained occupant collides with the interior of the vehicle.

Question 51

Question
Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min, his Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:
Answer
  • 8
  • 9
  • 10
  • 11
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