BIOL2022 L01 Why statistics? Organisms are variable in a variable world.
Description
Module 1, Lecture 1
SUMMARY:
- Must make questions explicit, and state hypotheses and logical predictions
- Correlative approach will tell you that a pattern exists, but (in most cases) only an experiment will tell you why
- A simple framework can make life easier!
Variability, intrinsic vs extrinsic: Measurement error is an example of [blank_start]____________[blank_end]; ‘natural’ variation within the system (e.g. body sizes of different individuals) are an example of [blank_start]____________[blank_end].
Answer
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
None! Stupid answer.
Question 2
Question
Dispersion, spread: [blank_start]____________[blank_end] is the square root of [blank_start]____________[blank_end].
When to use main tests:
Differences between 2 means: [blank_start]____________[blank_end];
Differences between >2 means: [blank_start]____________[blank_end];
Linear and/or curvilinear relationships: [blank_start]____________[blank_end];
Frequencies (counts): [blank_start]____________[blank_end];
(All of these test null hypotheses)
Answer
t-test
ANOVA
Regression and correlation
G test and Chi squared
Chi squared only
Regression only
Correlation only
G test only
Question 5
Question
Correlation vs regression:
Answer
Correlation defines a relationship between variables (causal or not)
Regression states that one variable predicts another
Regression defines a relationship between variables (causal or not)
Correlation states that one variable predicts another