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Topic 2.0 Spinal Cord

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Anatomy Quiz on Topic 2.0 Spinal Cord, created by Y Y on 26/01/2019.
Y Y
Quiz by Y Y, updated more than 1 year ago
Y Y
Created by Y Y almost 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
the spinal cord occupies the entire vertebral canal
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 2

Question
the end of spinal cord (conus medullaris) in adults is at L2
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 3

Question
the sacrum contains the subarachnoid space along the whole length of the sacral canal
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 4

Question
the atlas has the first cervical spinal nerve on its posterior arch
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 5

Question
the first spinal nerve has the shortest roots and the last one the longest
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 6

Question
the connection between the dorsal and lateral funicle is called Lisauer zone (zone terminalis).
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 7

Question
sulcus intermedius dorsali is a groove between sulcus medianus dorsalis and sulcus dorsolateralis in the upper thoracic and cervical part of the spinal cord
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 8

Question
dorsal funiculus in the cervical segments contains fasciculus gracilis, laterally and fasciculus cuneatus, medially.
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 9

Question
the spinal cord ends caudally at the coccyx
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 10

Question
if in the process of doing a lumbar puncture a spinal needle was inserted posteriorly in the midline until it had just penetrated the posterior longitudinal ligament, would the needle have entered the subarachnoid space?
Answer
  • yes
  • no

Question 11

Question
the part of a spinal nerve that supplies the true back muscles and the skin overlying them is the
Answer
  • dorsal primary ramus
  • dorsal root
  • ventral primary ramus
  • ventral root

Question 12

Question
a football player suffers a herniated (ruptured) intervetebral disk in his neck. the disk compresses the spinal nerve exiting through the intevertebral foramen between the 5th and 6th cervical vertebrae. which spinal nerve is affected?
Answer
  • C4
  • C5
  • C6
  • C7
  • C8

Question 13

Question
a man has a herniated intervetebral disk between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae. if this disk compresses the spinal nerve in the intervertebral foramen immediately posterior to this disk, which spinal nerve would be affected.
Answer
  • L3
  • L4
  • L5
  • S1
  • S2

Question 14

Question
both the dural sac and the subarachnoid space end at which vertebral level.
Answer
  • L4
  • L5
  • S2
  • S1
  • S4

Question 15

Question
it is decided to image the spinal cord and spinal nerve rootlets by doing a myelogram (injection of a radio-opaque dye into the subarachnoid space followed by a radiograph). In order to inject the dye without injury to the spinal cord, the injection is usually done below what vertebral level?
Answer
  • L1
  • L2
  • L3
  • L4
  • L5

Question 16

Question
The myelogram revealed that the dye had leaked out along the spinal nerves in the mid cervical region on the right side. For the dye to leak out, what layer must have been torn or ruptured.
Answer
  • arachnoid
  • denticulate ligament
  • periosteum
  • pia
  • perineurium

Question 17

Question
in the lumbar spine, the L4 nerve root sleeve exits:
Answer
  • above the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen
  • above the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen
  • below the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen
  • below the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen

Question 18

Question
which structure does NOT contain efferent autonomic nerve fibers
Answer
  • dorsal ramus of c4
  • dorsal root of t6
  • ventral root of t3
  • ventral ramus of l2

Question 19

Question
it was noted that after the injury the patient's face on the right side was flushed due to dilation of the blood vessels. the lack of vasoconstriction was due to interruption of what fibers somewhere along their course?
Answer
  • somatic afferent
  • somatic efferent
  • parasympathetic
  • sympathetic

Question 20

Question
a 60 year old male presented with a number of unusual signs and symptoms in the facial region. among others, it was found that the right side of his face was flushed (red). further testing revealed a lack of ability to sweat in the same cutaneous region. which nervous structures were most likely implicated in this set of clinical abnormalities.
Answer
  • cranial outflow of the ans
  • dorsal roots of cervical nerves
  • gray rami communicantes of t5
  • sympathetic nerve fibers
  • vagus nerves

Question 21

Question
the conus medullaris
Answer
  • exhibits both a cervical and lumbar enlargement
  • has a modification of neural tissue extending from its termination to the coccygeal ligament.
  • gives origin to most of the cauda equina
  • is found at its lowest extent at S2
  • is normally anesthetized to perform a spinal tap

Question 22

Question
a neuron with a cell body in the dorsal root ganglia could convey what type of fibers?
Answer
  • motor to the deep back muscles
  • motor to the pectoralis major muscle
  • sensory from the skin overlying the trapezius
  • sympathetic preganglionics to the suprarenal medulla
  • visceral efferents to the stomach

Question 23

Question
which is a source of axons found in the dorsal primary ramus of the 4th thoracic spinal nerves
Answer
  • afferent neurons arising from the skin overlying the trapezius muscle
  • somatic motor neurons supplying the levator scapulae muscle
  • somatic motor neurons supplying the rhomboid muscles
  • somatic motor neurons supplying the trapezius muscle

Question 24

Question
the denticulate ligament
Answer
  • is a modification of pia mater
  • is found between all dorsal and ventral roots
  • attaches to the dural sac continuously
  • has its terminal attachment at S2
  • holds the radicular arteries in place

Question 25

Question
in order to expose the spinal cord from the posterior side, it is necessary to remove the:
Answer
  • laminae, pedicles and ligamenta flava
  • laminae, spinous processes and ligamenta flava
  • pedicles, spinous processes and posterior longitudinal ligament
  • transverse processes, pedicles and ligamenta flava

Question 26

Question
cells that convey information to the CNS are:
Answer
  • afferent sensory neurons
  • pseudounipolar cells
  • first neuron is the sensory pathway
  • located in the lateral horn of spinal cord
  • with peripheral processes ending on somatic or splanchnic receptor

Question 27

Question
dorsal roots of a spinal nerve
Answer
  • are formed by the central processes of sensory neurons in the spinal ganglion
  • enter the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord
  • convey somatosensory (proprioseptive and visceroseptive) information.
  • are covered with pia mater
  • take part in the formation of the spinal nerve.

Question 28

Question
the ventral roots of a spinal nerve
Answer
  • convey motor information to the skeletal muscles
  • exit through the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord
  • are ensheated with dura mater spinalis
  • originate from interneurons in the ventral horn
  • contain autonomic fibers

Question 29

Question
the boundary between spinal cord and medulla oblongata
Answer
  • foramen magnum
  • decussatio pyramidum
  • exit of the first pair of spinal nerves
  • exit of the last pair of cranial nerves
  • cervical enlargement

Question 30

Question
a spinal segment is defined as that region of the spinal cord that
Answer
  • corresponds to a collection of nerves passing up or down within the white matter
  • corresponds to the region of the vertebral column (i.e cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral) to which spinal nerves are sent.
  • sends rootlets to a particular spinal nerve
  • underlies the neural arch of a particular vertebra in the adult
  • none of the above

Question 31

Question
the spinal cord in the adult
Answer
  • usually ends about the level of the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra
  • has its largest cross sectional area at the level of the lower cervical vertebrae
  • has an anterior median fissure and a posterior median septum
  • gives origin to the preganglionic fibres of all the parasympathetic nerves
  • receives its blood supply entirely from the vertebral arteries

Question 32

Question
the white matter of the spinal cord
Answer
  • contains myelin fibers, non-myelin fibers, and blood vessels
  • has three columns
  • has white commissure posteriorly to the gray commissure
  • has root system and conductive system
  • is covered with arachnoidea

Question 33

Question
the white matter of the spinal cord
Answer
  • is located around the gray matter
  • contains two main fascicles along the whole length of the dorsal column
  • contains fasciculi proprii (own bundles)
  • ventral funiculus contains fasciculus interfasciculatus (bundle of Schultze)
  • ventral funiculus is between ventral median fissure and ventral roots

Question 34

Question
grossly the spinal cord presents two swellings which are
Answer
  • cervical and thoracic
  • cervical and lumbar
  • thoracic and lumbar
  • thoracic and sacral
  • lumbar and sacral

Question 35

Question
all spinal nerves
Answer
  • are formed by the union of a ventral and dorsal nerve root
  • have a ganglion containing synapses on their dorsal root
  • are named and numbered according to the vertebra below which they emerge
  • receive a grey ramus communicans from the sympathetic nerve trunk
  • give off a white ramus communicans to the sympathetic nerve trunk

Question 36

Question
the cell bodies of the nerve fibres making up the fasciculus gracilis are found in
Answer
  • posterior root ganglia
  • posterior grey horn
  • nucleus gracilis
  • lateral grey horn
  • anterior grey horn

Question 37

Question
in the spinal cord
Answer
  • there is more white matter in a cross section of the cervical region than the lumbar region
  • the anterior horns of grey matter are larger in the lumbar region than in the thoracic region
  • the fibres associated with the sensations of pain and temperature form a tract in the anterior columns of white matter
  • descending fibres from the motor areas of the brain are found in the lateral and anterior columns of white matter
  • there are no descending fibres in the posterior columns

Question 38

Question
a spinal segment is defined by [blank_start]the exit of the roots of a spinal nerve[blank_end]
Answer
  • the exit of the roots of a spinal nerve

Question 39

Question
the trunk of a spinal nerve is formed in the [blank_start]intervertebral foramen[blank_end]
Answer
  • intervertebral foramen

Question 40

Question
the spinal cord white matter is organised around the grey matter in three columns called: [blank_start]funicululs dorsalis[blank_end], [blank_start]funiculus lateralis[blank_end], [blank_start]funiculus ventralis[blank_end]
Answer
  • funiculus dorsalis
  • funiculus lateralis
  • funiculus ventralis

Question 41

Question
the spinal cord has the following number of segments: cervical- [blank_start]8[blank_end] thoracic- [blank_start]12[blank_end] lumbar- [blank_start]5[blank_end] sacral- [blank_start]5[blank_end] coccygeal- [blank_start]1[blank_end]
Answer
  • 8
  • 12
  • 5
  • 5
  • 1

Question 42

Question
the border between spinal cord and medulla oblongata is defined by the following structures: [blank_start]foramen magnum[blank_end], [blank_start]decussatio pyramidum[blank_end], [blank_start]exit of first pairs of spinal roots[blank_end]
Answer
  • foramen magnum
  • decussatio pyramidum
  • exit of first pairs of spinal roots

Question 43

Question
in adults the spinal cord ends caudally at the level of [blank_start]second lumbar[blank_end] vertebra
Answer
  • second lumbar

Question 44

Question
list three elements et the caudal end of the spinal cord: [blank_start]cauda equina[blank_end], [blank_start]conus medullaris[blank_end], [blank_start]filum terminale[blank_end]
Answer
  • cauda equina
  • conus medullaris
  • filum terminale

Question 45

Question
in spinal cord anesthesia through the sacral hiatus the anesthetic is introduced into the [blank_start]epidural space[blank_end]
Answer
  • epidural space

Question 46

Question
pain and temperature sensation is conveyed via [blank_start]lateral spinothalamic tract[blank_end]
Answer
  • lateral spinothalamic tract

Question 47

Question
spinal cord enlargements are found in the [blank_start]cervical[blank_end] and [blank_start]lumbar[blank_end] regions
Answer
  • cervical
  • lumbar

Question 48

Question
intervertebral foramen: [blank_start]trunk of spinal nerve[blank_end] spinal ganglion: [blank_start]dorsal root of spinal nerve[blank_end] brachial plexus: [blank_start]cervical intumescentia[blank_end] spinal cord: [blank_start]conus medullaris[blank_end]
Answer
  • trunk of spinal nerve
  • dorsal root of spinal nerve
  • cervical intumescentia
  • conus medullaris

Question 49

Question
ventral median fissure: [blank_start]anterior spinal artery[blank_end] epidural space: [blank_start]spinal dura mater[blank_end] cerebrospinal fluid: [blank_start]subarachnoid space[blank_end] terminal cistern: [blank_start]subarachnoid space[blank_end]
Answer
  • anterior spinal artery
  • spinal dura mater
  • subarachnoid space
  • subarachnoid space

Question 50

Question
posterior funiculus of spinal cord: [blank_start]fasciculus gracilis + cuneatus[blank_end] lateral funiculus of spinal cord: [blank_start]ventral spinocerebellar tract[blank_end] anterior funiculus of spinal cord: [blank_start]ventral corticospinal tract[blank_end]
Answer
  • fasciculus gracilis + cuneatus
  • ventral spinocerebellar tract
  • ventral corticospinal tract

Question 51

Question
grey commissure: [blank_start]canalis centralis[blank_end] lateral column: [blank_start]ventral root of spinal nerve[blank_end] ventral median fissure: [blank_start]spinal pia mater[blank_end] ventrolateral sulcus: [blank_start]visceromotor neurons[blank_end]
Answer
  • canalis centralis
  • visceromotor neurons
  • spinal pia mater
  • ventral root of spinal nerve
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