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Histologie Y3[2]

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Quiz on Histologie Y3[2], created by Ah Len on 07/03/2019.
Ah Len
Quiz by Ah Len, updated more than 1 year ago
Ah Len
Created by Ah Len over 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Identify the INCORRECT statement
Answer
  • . The formation of new oocytes stops before birth.
  • . Primordial ovarian follicles are characterized by a single layer of flattened follicular cells which surround the oocyte.
  • . Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.
  • . Growth of the mammary gland is initiated by oestrogen and progesterone produced in the ovaries and placenta.
  • . The mammary gland is a merocrine and apocrine secretion.

Question 2

Question
Identify the CORRECT statement(3)
Answer
  • . Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.
  • . The infundibulum of the oviduct passes through the wall of the uterus.
  • . "Tertiary follicle", "preovulatory follicle" and "Graafian follicle" are synonymous terms.
  • . A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.
  • . The secondary ovarian follicle contains no antrum.

Question 3

Question
Identify the CORRECT statement(4)
Answer
  • . The pyramid of Malpighi is in the renal cortex
  • . Stratified squamous epithelium lines the distal part of the male and female urethra.
  • . Transitional epithelium lining the tubules of the nephron allows the tubules to expand if large amounts of primary urine are formed.
  • . The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.
  • . The outer layer of renal capsule contains many myofibroblasts.

Question 4

Question
Identify the CORRECT statement
Answer
  • . Spermatocytes which leave the testis are structurally mature and motile.
  • . Spermatocytes are stored in the terminal part of the seminal vesicles.
  • . The Sertoli cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule.
  • . Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.
  • . The rete testis is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

Question 5

Question
Identify the INCORRECT statement
Answer
  • . The seminiferous epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.
  • . The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.
  • . Processes of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.
  • . Testosterone produced by the male accessory reproductive glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) causes the development of the masculine extragenital sex characteristics.
  • . The epithelium of the tubuli recti is pseudostratified columnar.

Question 6

Question
Identify the CORRECT statement
Answer
  • . Like sweat glands, mammary glands are simple tubular glands.
  • . A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial ovarian follicles.
  • . The functionalis of the endometrium of uterus and cervix is shed during menstruation.
  • . Complex mucosal folds give the lumen of the ampulla of the oviduct a very irregular outline.
  • . Collecting ducts are not permeable to water in the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Question 7

Question
Identify the INCORRECT statement(5)
Answer
  • . The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.
  • . The increase in the surface area of proximal tubule cells by numerous long microvilli facilitates the absorption of nutritionally valuable substances from the primary urine.
  • . An inner layer of circular smooth muscle and an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle are found in both the ureter and bladder.
  • . Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells which surround the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus.
  • . The second meiotic division of secondary spermatocytes will give rise the spermatids

Question 8

Question
Identify the CORRECT statement
Answer
  • . After ovulation, thecal cells and granulosa cells form the corpus luteum.
  • . Hormone production of the corpus luteum stops after the implantation of the embryo.
  • . A distinct zona pelucida separates the oocyte and follicular cells of primordial follicles.
  • . A fluid filled hollow, the antrum, is a characteristic feature of primary follicles.
  • . The tubuli recti join the ductuli efferentes to the ductus epididymis.

Question 9

Question
Identify the INCORRECT statement
Answer
  • . The ducts which form the rete testis connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes.
  • . The prophase of primary spermatocytes is extremely prolonged.
  • . By the first meiotic division B-spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes.
  • . Differences in the height of the epithelium give the lumen of the ductuli efferentes an irregular outline.
  • . Each seminiferous tubule is about 30 to 80 cm long.

Question 10

Question
Identify the INCORRECT statement(6)
Answer
  • . Spermatids divide to give rise to spermatocytes.
  • . There are two vaginalis layers, parietal and visceral.
  • . Each testis contains about 500 to 1000 seminiferous tubules.
  • . The tunica albuginea is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue.
  • . Leydig cells are located outside the seminiferous tubule and they secrete testosterone.

Question 11

Question
Identify the CORRECT statement(7)
Answer
  • . The glomerular filtration barrier is formed by the cells of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries.
  • . The macula densa is formed by a specialized section of the epithelium lining the distal tubule as it contacts the glomerulus and its afferent and efferent arterioles.
  • . The incomplete basal lamina of the discontinuous glomerular capillaries facilitates the formation of the glomerular filtrate.
  • . Juxtaglomerular cells surrounding the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus release angiotensin II to increase glomerular filtration.
  • . The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule contains mesangial cells.

Question 12

Question
The epithelial layer of skin is:
Answer
  • . epidermis
  • . dermis
  • . lamina propria
  • . hypodermis
  • . mucosa

Question 13

Question
The fibrous connective tissue layer of skin is:
Answer
  • . epidermis
  • . dermis
  • . hypodermis
  • . lamina propria
  • . mucosa

Question 14

Question
The loose, adipose connective tissue layer of skin is:
Answer
  • . epidermis
  • . dermis
  • . hypodermis
  • . lamina propria
  • . mucosa

Question 15

Question
Which connective tissue layer lies closest to the epidermis:
Answer
  • . reticular layer of dermis
  • . papillary layer of dermis
  • . hypodermis
  • . stratum corneum
  • . lamina propria

Question 16

Question
The projections of dermis upward, indenting the bottom of the epidermis, are called:
Answer
  • . arrector pili muscle
  • . epidermal appendages
  • . Meissner's corpuscles
  • . dermal papillae
  • . sweat gland ducts

Question 17

Question
Which of the following layers lies nearest the outer surface of the epidermis?
Answer
  • . stratum basale or stratum germinativum.
  • . stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.
  • . stratum granulosum.
  • . stratum lucidum.
  • . stratum corneum.

Question 18

Question
Which of the following layers lies nearest the dermis?
Answer
  • . stratum basale or stratum germinativum.
  • . stratum spinosum or stratum Malpighii.
  • . stratum granulosum.
  • . stratum lucidum.
  • . stratum corneum.

Question 19

Question
The basement membrane lies between:
Answer
  • . stratum basale and stratum spinosum.
  • . stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.
  • . stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.
  • . epidermis and dermis.
  • . papillary and reticular layers of dermis.

Question 20

Question
Which cell type is not normally found in the epidermis?
Answer
  • . keratinocytes (or "prickle cells").
  • . melanocytes.
  • . Langerhans cells.
  • . Merkel cells.
  • . fibroblasts.

Question 21

Question
Which of the following consists of stratified (two-layered) cuboidal epithelium?
Answer
  • . sebaceous gland.
  • . hair follicle.
  • . duct of sweat gland.
  • . secretory portion of sweat gland
  • . arrector pili muscle.

Question 22

Question
Which of the following is NOT an "epidermal appendage" (i.e., NOT comprised of epithelial tissue)?
Answer
  • . sebaceous gland.
  • . hair follicle.
  • . duct of sweat gland.
  • . secretory portion of sweat gland.
  • . arrector pili muscle.

Question 23

Question
Which of the following typically includes dead cells with pyknotic nuclei?
Answer
  • . sebaceous gland.
  • . hair follicle.
  • . duct of sweat gland.
  • . secretory portion of sweat gland.
  • . arrector pili muscle.

Question 24

Question
Which layer is exceptionally thick in so-called "thick skin" (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?
Answer
  • . stratum basale of epidermis.
  • . dermis.
  • . hypodermis.
  • . stratum corneum of epidermis
  • . papillary dermis

Question 25

Question
Which structures are present in "thick skin" (i.e., palmar and plantar skin)?
Answer
  • . sebaceous glands.
  • . hair follicles.
  • . arrector pili.
  • . sweat glands.
  • . apocrine sweat glands.

Question 26

Question
The tissue composition of hair follicles is most similar to:
Answer
  • . epidermis.
  • . hypodermis.
  • . sweat gland.
  • . papillary layer of dermis.
  • . reticular layer of dermis.

Question 27

Question
Arrector pili muscle consist of:
Answer
  • . glandular epithelium.
  • . columnar epithelium.
  • . squamous epithelium.
  • . lymphocytes.
  • . smooth muscle.

Question 28

Question
The glands most closely associated with hair follicles are:
Answer
  • . eccrine sweat glands.
  • . mammary glands.
  • . sebaceous glands.
  • . lymphatic glands.
  • . submucosal glands.

Question 29

Question
The region of the kidney containing glomeruli is called the:
Answer
  • . cortex.
  • . medulla.
  • . calyx.
  • . pelvis.
  • . papillae.

Question 30

Question
The region of the kidney containing proximal convoluted tubules is called the:
Answer
  • . cortex.
  • . medulla.
  • . calyx.
  • . pelvis.
  • . papillae.

Question 31

Question
The region of the kidney containing long loops of Henle is called the:
Answer
  • . cortex.
  • . medulla.
  • . calyx.
  • . pelvis.
  • . papillae.

Question 32

Question
The region of the kidney containing distal convoluted tubules is called the:
Answer
  • . cortex.
  • . medulla.
  • . capsule.
  • . pelvis.
  • . hilus.

Question 33

Question
The region of the kidney containing larger collecting ducts is called the:
Answer
  • . cortex.
  • . medulla.
  • . calyx.
  • . pelvis.
  • . papilla.

Question 34

Question
Regions of cortical parenchyma located between medullary pyramids (pyramids of Malpighii) rather than adjacent to the surface of the kidney are called:
Answer
  • . medullary rays.
  • . renal lobules.
  • . columns of Bertin.
  • . papillae.
  • . calyces.

Question 35

Question
The capsule of the kidney consists of:
Answer
  • . transitional epithelium.
  • . dense fibrous connective tissue.
  • . loose cellular connective tissue with many lymphocytes.
  • . adipose connective tissue.
  • . endothelium.

Question 36

Question
The region of the kidney where artery, vein and ureter are attached is called the:
Answer
  • cortex.
  • . medulla.
  • . calyx.
  • . pelvis.
  • . hilus.

Question 37

Question
The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the capillary tuft is attached is called the:
Answer
  • . mesangium.
  • . area cribosa.
  • . vascular pole.
  • . urinary (tubular) pole.
  • . juxtaglomerular apparatus.

Question 38

Question
The region of glomerulus (renal corpuscle) where the urinary space drains into the proximal convoluted tubule is called the:
Answer
  • . mesangium.
  • . area cribosa.
  • . vascular pole.
  • . urinary (tubular) pole.
  • . juxtaglomerular apparatus.

Question 39

Question
The lumen of glomerular capillaries is lined by:
Answer
  • . mesangial cells.
  • . podocytes foot processes.
  • . juxtaglomerular cells.
  • . continuous endothelium.
  • . fenestrated endothelium.

Question 40

Question
Glomerular capillaries are supported on the outside (adjacent to the urinary space) by:
Answer
  • . mesangial cells.
  • . fibroblasts.
  • . podocyte foot processes.
  • . pericytes.
  • . juxtaglomerular cells.

Question 41

Question
Smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles which are modified for endocrine secretion are called:
Answer
  • . mesangial cells.
  • . fibroblasts.
  • . podocytes.
  • . pericytes.
  • . juxtaglomerular cells.

Question 42

Question
The outer lining of Bowman's capsule (the parietal epithelilum) consists of a single layer of:
Answer
  • . squamous cells.
  • . cuboidal cells.
  • . podocytes.
  • . pericytes.
  • . mesangial cells.

Question 43

Question
Filtration slits are located between adjacent:
Answer
  • . layers of the glomerular basement membrane.
  • . capillary fenestrations.
  • . podocyte foot processes.
  • . mesangial cells.
  • . capillary endothelial cells.

Question 44

Question
Podocytes are:
Answer
  • . simple squamous epithelial cells.
  • . simple cuboidal epithelial cells.
  • . simple columnar epithelial cells.
  • . unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.
  • . not epithelial cells.

Question 45

Question
Mesangial cells are:
Answer
  • . simple squamous epithelial cells.
  • . simple cuboidal epithelial cells.
  • . simple columnar epithelial cells.
  • . unique epithelial cells with many interdigitating processes.
  • . not epithelial cells.

Question 46

Question
The normal thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (the GBM) is between:
Answer
  • . 30 and 35 nanometers.
  • . 0.3 and 0.35 micrometers.
  • . 3 and 3.5 micrometers.
  • . 30 and 35 micrometers.
  • . 300 and 350 micrometers.

Question 47

Question
The macula densa consists of:
Answer
  • . extraglomerular mesangial cells.
  • . closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the distal convoluted tubule.
  • . modified smooth muscle cells.
  • . closely-packed nuclei in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule.
  • . densely packed collagen fibers in the juxtaglomerular interstitium .

Question 48

Question
Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:
Answer
  • . urea.
  • . antiduretic hormone.
  • . renin.
  • . angiotensinogen.
  • . aldosterone.

Question 49

Question
Arteries which form arches along the border between the cortex and the medulla of the kidney are called:
Answer
  • . interlobar arteries.
  • . interlobular arteries.
  • . arcuate arteries.
  • . afferent arteries.
  • . vasa recta.

Question 50

Question
Vessels which connect interlobular arteries with glomerular capillaries are called:
Answer
  • . arcuate arteries.
  • . afferent arterioles.
  • . efferent arterioles.
  • . peritubular capillaries.
  • . vasa recta.

Question 51

Question
Vessels which connect glomerular capillaries with peritubular capillaries are called:
Answer
  • . arcuate arteries.
  • . afferent arterioles.
  • . efferent arterioles.
  • . peritubular capillaries.
  • . vasa recta.

Question 52

Question
Which segment of the nephron functions to filter fluid from blood into urinary space?
Answer
  • . glomerulus.
  • . proximal convoluted tubule.
  • . loop of Henle.
  • . distal convoluted tubule.
  • . collecting duct.

Question 53

Question
Which cells respond to aldosterone?
Answer
  • . podocytes.
  • . epithelial cells of distal tubules.
  • . juxtaglomerular cells.
  • . epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.
  • . mesangial cells.

Question 54

Question
Which cells repond to antiduretic hormone (ADH)?
Answer
  • . podocytes.
  • . mesangial cells.
  • . juxtaglomerular cells.
  • . epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.
  • . epithelial cells of collecting duct.

Question 55

Question
Which cells secrete a product which converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin?
Answer
  • . podocytes.
  • . epithelial cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
  • . juxtaglomerular cells.
  • . epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule.
  • . epithelial cells of collecting duct.

Question 56

Question
Which epithelial cells of the urinary tract are specialized with an apical brush border of microvilli?
Answer
  • . Bowman's capsule epithelium.
  • . proximal convoluted tubule epithelium.
  • . epithelium lining the thin segment of the loop of Henle.
  • . distal convoluted tubule epithelium.
  • . collecting duct epithelium.

Question 57

Question
Which of the following epithelial cells of the urinary tract are simple squamous, without apparent structural specialization?
Answer
  • . Bowman's capsule epithelium.
  • . glomerular epithelium (podocytes).
  • . transitional epithelium.
  • . distal convoluted tubule epithelium.
  • . collecting duct epithelium.

Question 58

Question
Interstitial cells within the renal glomerulus, whose functions are uncertain but may include phagocytosis and maintenance of the glomerular basement membrane, are the:
Answer
  • . podocytes.
  • . macula densa.
  • . juxtaglomerular cells.
  • . mesangial cells.
  • . transitional epithelium.

Question 59

Question
Transitional epithelium lines all of the following EXCEPT the:
Answer
  • . renal pelvis.
  • . ureter.
  • . bladder.
  • . proximal urethra.
  • . Bowman's capsule.

Question 60

Question
Identify the INCORRECT statement
Answer
  • . Long nephron contains large renal corpuscle
  • . Short nephron contains large renal corpuscle which is located near the medulla
  • . The lamina rara externa of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte
  • . The normal thickness the GBM is between 300 and 350 micrometers.
  • . The afferent arteriole will branch to capillaries of the glomerulus.

Question 61

Question
Identify the CORRECT statement
Answer
  • . Short nephron contains small renal corpuscle located near the renal capsule.
  • . The renal lobule contains many renal lobes.
  • . The lamina rara interna of the GBM is attaching to the podocyte.
  • . The protein albumin is normally filtrated in the glomerulus.
  • . The capillaries of the glomerulus are continuous type.
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